For the largely immature population of crabs studied no difference in length weight relationships could be detected between males and females unless fresh weight was used for comparison. Females and immature males showed isometric growth throughout their life while mature males showed allometric growth. The use of length, fresh weight, dry weight and ash-free dry weight for the basis of comparative metabolic studies is discussed. Oxygen consumption rate was found to be related to the 0.799 power of body dry weight or ash-free dry weight for both males and females and resting and active rates. Scope for activity was constant at 3.7 across the entire body weight range. A marked diurnal rhythm of oxygen consumption rate was found, the exact form of which depended on season being bi-modal in short day length and uni-modal in long day length. The beat rates of heart and scaphognathite were found to show a high degree of correlation throughout all phases of the daily cycle. A typical short period rhythm of beat rates is shown during the resting phase. Ventilation volume showed a linear relationship with scaphognathite beat rate up to active rates of pumping. Above this ventilation efficiency was impaired. The short period rhythm had a period of almost exactly twenty minutes, and was divided into three phases, the high-rate, the low-rate and the changing phase. In order to conserve metabolic stores, the duration of the low-rate phase is increased, at the expense of the level and duration of the high-rate phase, with increasing starvation. Percentage utilisation of oxygen was at its highest during the high-rate phase (40 - 42%) and it appears that efficient oxygen exchange is limited to the rates of pumping of the active phase. Possible functions for the short period rhythm are discussed in the light of this observation. Haemocyanin was more or less absent from the local population of Cancer but not Carcinus and Portunus. Reasons for this are discussed. A new method for measurement of haemocyanin oxygen capacity was used. Effectiveness of oxygen uptake by the blood was low due to the lack of haemocyanin, but effectiveness of oxygen removal from the ventilatory water was high due to a decrease in ventilation:perfusion ratio. Ventilation:perfusion ratio did not change greatly with increased starvation. The physiological significance of these measurements is discussed.

The thesis consists of an introductory chapter, three chapters of family history and three of tale study, two appendices, the first containing sixteen stories in all known versions and the second seventy eight stories recorded by me, based on field recordings fran Alec, Belle and John Stewart and Willie MacPhee, 1978-84. The introductory chapter examines theories of the origins of Highland travellers and sets out the historical, psychological and aesthetic concerns of the tale study. The family history sets out the material recorded frcm informants. The first chapter deals with Belle's early life in Blairgowrie which is the geographic focus of the family's later history. The second traces the fortunes of the Stewarts in Perthshire and Ireland, showing how they adapted to altered circumstances when they returned to Scotland. The third chapter covers the period since the Second World War, during which Alec's family became well-known through the Folk Revival and their children began to integrate with the settled community and lose their oral culture. The historical tale study shows the links with Gaelic tradition to be found in the story collection. The psychological chapter reveals the functions the stories had in travellers' lives: teaching ancestral wisdom, strengthening kinship ties, reinforcing values, passing on skills for survival, containing fears. The aesthetic chapter looks at the structuring of stories and demonstrates the use of signal words and phrases to guide the listener's ear, as well as giving story tellers a means of recreative transmission. Styles and versions are compared and aesthetic principles deduced frcm the use of different kinds of language and imagery.

In recent years a growing body of economic and social research has been directed towards studies of migration, the problem of the assimilation of immigrants and the persistence of cultural traditions in new environmental circumstances. The present study is an attempt to contribute towards this work by looking at the evolution of the Glasgow Highland community in the nineteenth century. Though the Highlanders in their homeland and overseas have attracted much attention, the study of their reaction to urban, industrial life has been subjected to less scrutiny. The work already done on this area has tended to argue that a speedy process of assimilation to the dominant cultural pattern took place. The present study looks at a wide variety of indicators, such as residential, employment and household patterns, as well as the question of cultural traditions, and argues, on the contrary, that a definite Glasgow Highland community existed,with its own institutions and patterns of social relationships, within the wider Glasgow society. In contrast to assimilation models, the Glasgow Gaels showed a preference for distinct settlement areas, as well as a predilection to "clustering" in certain employment opportunities. In addition, they demonstrated a loyalty to specific Highland institutions of a cultural and religious nature which marked them off from the non-Gael. These features in turn encouraged strong intra-group social and domestic relationships.

Based on a transactional model of stressors, mediators/moderators and strains, this large scale study investigated occupational stress, job satisfaction and role conflict in doctors in Scotland using a self-report questionnaire methodology. The sample of 986 doctors included male and female general practitioners (GPs) and specialist consultants. The relationship between sources and levels of occupational stress and job satisfaction was investigated using scales from the Occupational Stress Indicator (OSI) (Cooper et al 1988), considering the role of intervening variables mcludmg age, gender, marital/parental status, medical speciality, coping and attitudes. The relationship between occupational and domestic stressors and satisfactions was examined using theoretically denved models of additivity and asymmetric permeability of roles. A range of analytic procedures mcluding multivanate analysis of variance, hierarchical regression, factor analysis and qualitative content analysis methods were employed. Results mdicated that GPs recorded greater stress and lower job satisfaction than consultants on the OSI scales Managenal or structural occupational factors, and factors intrinsic to medical work were major stressors. Patient care was both a main source of stress and job satisfaction. The rather small magnitude of differences in stress and satisfaction between subject groups, and between subject groups and norms for the OSI scales was offset by clear evidence of stress related to doctors occupational roles, domestic roles, and gender roles elucidated using more qualitative methodologies. Subjects' age, gender and medical speciality were shown to affect the relationship between occupational stress and job satisfaction. Younger doctors, male GPs and female consultants experienced greater stress and less job satisfaction. Coping efficacy was negatively related to occupational stress and positively related to job satisfaction for GPs, and male and female GPs employed different styles of coping with stressors. Comparison of consultant specialities revealed differences in sources and levels of occupational stress and job satisfaction with Public Health Consultants recording most stress. Both male and female doctors with multiple occupational and domestic role demands reported higher levels of stress. Stress from work to home was found to be greater than stress from home to work for both male and female doctors. Recommendations and implications of the research for doctors, patients, and the National Health Service are discussed.

Detailed snow surveys were carried out in the Allt a Mharcaidh catchment on the western edge of the Cairngorm mountains during the winters of 1985/86,1986/87 and 1988/89. Snowpack data collected included depth, density, areal extent and water equivalent. From these data it was possible to determine seasonal patterns in snowpack behaviour and relate these to the initial snowpack water equivalent volume and timing of the snow accumulation and ablation. Using meteorological and flow data collected in the Mharcaidh by the Institute of Hydrology as part of the SWAP project simple linear regression relationships were determined. These indicated that the availability of detailed meteorological data did not improve the ability to simulate observed flow and that a successful regression could be established using simple and readily available data. Using this data temperature index models were developed and tested on the Mharcaidh. These showed that the mean daily temperature provided a better index of melt than more complex indices and that simple changes regarding the addition of a freezing level hindered the model performance despite being closer to reality than other assumptions made in the model. This suggested that the degree of complexity in the model has to be similar for all operations to obtain optimum results; having one particularly complex sub-model reduces the performance of the others. Two other types were tested on the Mharcaidh based on the layered structure developed by Martinec (1975) and Anderson's (1968) method using temperature and windspeed as an index to the energy changes at the snowpack boundary during rain-on--snow events. These again show that simple methods using readily available data can produce acceptable results and that increasing the complexity of the model does not produce a similar increase in performance. The three different models were then run on different datasets for different catchments and years. The dependence of Anderson's method on good quality data is highlighted suggesting that it is not as widely applicable as the other models. The level of performance for all models is related to the extent and depth of the snowpack indicating that further improvements may be necessary to the hydrological components of the model rather than the melt sub-model itself. The models were tested in simulated real time conditions on one dataset and, following this, guidelines for use in real time to predict snowmelt runoff are given.

The growth of sub-state nationalism in the 1960's provoked considerable academic speculation. The case of Scotland was a prominent focus of interest. One neglected area however, was the systematic study of S.N.P. strategy on two issues--North Sea oil and devolution--it is argued that small producers face particular problems in establishing themselves in the marketplace. From the standpoint of 'rational choice' theory, the party was unable to maintain a rational orientation to the electorate even under the most favourable circumstances. The constraints on rational behaviour ultimately isolated the party from the mass of the electorate, and it experienced what amounted to a 'reverse process' of maturation from relative rationality to relative irrationality. This growth cycle suggests that there are particularly severe problems afflicting the leaderships of such parties which need further study.

Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Glasgow, 1995. / PH.D. thesis submitted to the Faculty of Arts, Department of History, University of Glasgow, 1995. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.

Thesis (M.A.)--Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, Deerfield, Ill., 1999. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 145-151).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Pennsylvania. / Bibliography: p. 120-128.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Aberdeen University, 2009. / Title from web page (viewed on Aug. 26, 2009). Includes bibliographical references.