O presente estudo analisa os aspectos jurídicos da parceria entre a Rede Municipal de Ensino de Sapiranga e o Instituto Ayrton Senna, discutindo a relação do público e do privado na educação. O marco teórico é a crise do capital, que, entre suas estratégias de superação apresenta o Neoliberalismo e a Terceira Via, ambos propondo a reforma do Estado para a solução de uma crise centrada no Estado. Em 1995, no Brasil, tem-se o Ministério de Administração e Reforma do Estado, que cria o Plano Diretor da Reforma do Aparelho do Estado, o qual propunha a descentralização de serviços, até então de exclusividade do Estado, incluindo a sociedade civil organizada, o terceiro setor ou público não-estatal. Em 1998, foi promulgada a Emenda Constitucional n°19, que irá promover a reforma na Administração Pública brasileira. Dentre outras alterações, tem-se a inserção do princípio da eficiência como um dos princípios da Administração pública. A Emenda Constitucional n°19 irá fazer com que prevaleça a lógica da iniciativa privada agindo no setor público, através das entidades do Terceiro Setor. Diante disso, é apresentada a configuração jurídica dessas entidades, suas especificidades e as formas de controle social que podem ser exercidas sobre elas.Este trabalho apresenta a parceria entre o Município de Sapiranga e o Instituto Ayrton Senna, a partir da análise da legislação municipal como forma de materialização da relação públicoprivada, e as implicações da parceria para a educação municipal. / This study examines the legal aspects of the partnership between the Municipal Network for Teaching Sapiranga and the Ayrton Senna Institute, discussing the relationship of public and private education. The theoretical framework is the crisis of capital, which, among their strategies for overcoming the present Neoliberalism and the Third Way, both proposing a reform of the state to solve a crisis centered in the state. In 1995, in Brazil, it established the Ministry of Administration and State Reform of establishing a Master Plan for Reform of the state apparatus, which proposed the decentralization of services, then the exclusivity of the state, including civil society, the third sector or public non-state. In 1998, was enacted Constitutional Amendment No. 19, which will promote the reform in the Brazilian government. Among other changes, has been the inclusion of the principle of efficiency as one of the principles of government. The Constitutional Amendment No 19 will prevail to make the logic of private enterprise acting in the public sector, through the entities of the Third Sector. Thus, the configuration is displayed such legal entities, and their specific forms of social control can be exerted on them. This paper describes the partnership between the City of Sapiranga and the Ayrton Senna Institute, from the analysis of municipal law as a materialization of the public-private partnership and the implications for local education.

O presente estudo analisa os aspectos jurídicos da parceria entre a Rede Municipal de Ensino de Sapiranga e o Instituto Ayrton Senna, discutindo a relação do público e do privado na educação. O marco teórico é a crise do capital, que, entre suas estratégias de superação apresenta o Neoliberalismo e a Terceira Via, ambos propondo a reforma do Estado para a solução de uma crise centrada no Estado. Em 1995, no Brasil, tem-se o Ministério de Administração e Reforma do Estado, que cria o Plano Diretor da Reforma do Aparelho do Estado, o qual propunha a descentralização de serviços, até então de exclusividade do Estado, incluindo a sociedade civil organizada, o terceiro setor ou público não-estatal. Em 1998, foi promulgada a Emenda Constitucional n°19, que irá promover a reforma na Administração Pública brasileira. Dentre outras alterações, tem-se a inserção do princípio da eficiência como um dos princípios da Administração pública. A Emenda Constitucional n°19 irá fazer com que prevaleça a lógica da iniciativa privada agindo no setor público, através das entidades do Terceiro Setor. Diante disso, é apresentada a configuração jurídica dessas entidades, suas especificidades e as formas de controle social que podem ser exercidas sobre elas.Este trabalho apresenta a parceria entre o Município de Sapiranga e o Instituto Ayrton Senna, a partir da análise da legislação municipal como forma de materialização da relação públicoprivada, e as implicações da parceria para a educação municipal. / This study examines the legal aspects of the partnership between the Municipal Network for Teaching Sapiranga and the Ayrton Senna Institute, discussing the relationship of public and private education. The theoretical framework is the crisis of capital, which, among their strategies for overcoming the present Neoliberalism and the Third Way, both proposing a reform of the state to solve a crisis centered in the state. In 1995, in Brazil, it established the Ministry of Administration and State Reform of establishing a Master Plan for Reform of the state apparatus, which proposed the decentralization of services, then the exclusivity of the state, including civil society, the third sector or public non-state. In 1998, was enacted Constitutional Amendment No. 19, which will promote the reform in the Brazilian government. Among other changes, has been the inclusion of the principle of efficiency as one of the principles of government. The Constitutional Amendment No 19 will prevail to make the logic of private enterprise acting in the public sector, through the entities of the Third Sector. Thus, the configuration is displayed such legal entities, and their specific forms of social control can be exerted on them. This paper describes the partnership between the City of Sapiranga and the Ayrton Senna Institute, from the analysis of municipal law as a materialization of the public-private partnership and the implications for local education.

Abstract Optimizing the use of resources plays an important role in today’s modern manufacturing and service organizations. Scheduling, involving setup times and costs, leads to better allocation of resources over time to perform a collection of required tasks. This compilation dissertation examines how the learning effect of workers and a combination of setup activities can be used to optimize resource utilization in manufacturing systems and maintenance services. The learning effect is a technique that can model improvement in worker’s ability as a result of repeating similar tasks. By considering the learning effect, setup times will be reduced, and a schedule can be determined to place jobs that share similar tools and fixtures next to each other. The purpose is to schedule a set of jobs in a hybrid flow shop environment while minimizing two criteria that represent the manufacturers’ and consumers’ concerns: namely maximum completion time (makespan) and total tardiness. Combining setup activities can also reduce setup times and costs. In the maintenance of systems consisting of multiple components, costs can be saved when several components are jointly maintained. By using this technique, a schedule can be determined to minimize the total cost of maintenance and renewal projects for various components and their relevant setup activities. Mathematical programming models that incorporate these aspects of the problem are developed in this research and the performance of the proposed models are tested on a set of problem instances. The results of this work show that the proposed techniques perform well in reducing setup times and costs and eliminate the need for setups through scheduling. This work proposes several exact, heuristic, and meta-heuristic methods to solve the developed models and compare their efficiency. This study contributes to the theoretical discussion of multi-criteria production and maintenance scheduling. For practitioners, this dissertation work provides optimization techniques and tools through scheduling that can help keep costs down and allow companies to operate according to time and budget constraints. / Tiivistelmä Resurssien käytön optimoinnilla on tärkeä rooli nykypäivän tuotanto- ja palveluympäristöissä. Joukko tehtäviä voidaan toteuttaa resurssitehokkaammin niille varatussa ajassa huomioimalla aikataulutuksessa asetusajat ja –kustannukset. Tämä kokoomaväitöskirja tarkastelee, kuinka työntekijöiden oppimisefektin mallinnus ja asetustoimien yhdistäminen tukevat resurssien optimointia tuotantojärjestelmissä ja kunnossapitopalveluissa. Oppimisefekti on tekniikka, jolla voidaan mallintaa työntekijän osaamisen kehittymistä samankaltaisia työtehtäviä toistettaessa. Huomioimalla oppimisefekti asetusaikoja voidaan pienentää, ja töille luoda aikataulu jossa samankaltaiset työkalut ja laitteet ovat lähellä toisiaan. Osana väitöskirjaa esitetään työerän aikataulutus tietyssä yksittäistuotantoympäristössä minimoiden kahta kriteeriä: valmistajan tavoite kokonaisläpimenoaika ja asiakkaan tavoite yksittäisten töiden aikataulussa valmistuminen. Toinen väitöskirjassa esitetty tekniikka asetusaikojen ja –kustannusten pienentämiseen on asetustöiden yhdistely. Useista komponenteista koostuvassa systeemissä kustannussäästöjä voidaan saavuttaa huoltamalla useita komponentteja yhtä aikaa. Tämän yhdistelyn avulla voidaan luoda aikataulu, joka minimoi useiden komponenttien ylläpidon, uusimisen, ja asetuskustannusten kokonaiskustannuksen. Työssä mallinnetaan näitä tekniikoita matemaattisen ohjelmoinnin keinoin, ja luotuja malleja testataan joukolla esimerkkiongelmia. Väitöskirjan tulokset osoittavat, että ehdotetuilla tekniikoilla voidaan vähentää asetusaikoja ja –kustannuksia, tai poistaa asetustöistä aiheutuvia kustannuksia kokonaan. Siinä esitetään useita eksakteja, heuristisia ja metaheuristisia menetelmiä kehitettyjen mallien ratkaisuun ja niiden suorituskyvyn vertailuun. Työn tulokset edistävät tieteellistä keskustelua monikriteeriskeduloinnin alalla, erityisesti liittyen tuotanto- ja kunnossapitosysteemeihin. Käytännön toimijoille väitöskirja tarjoaa optimointitekniikoita- ja työkaluja aikataulutukseen ja sen kautta taloudellisissa ja ajallisissa rajoitteissa toiminnan mahdollistamiseen.

This diploma thesis is focused on the development of a new backup plan and its implementation. In introductory part of the thesis I explore the theorethical backround of data backup and data management. Next part is dedicated to analysis of current state and investor requierements. Last part is aimed to implementation of new backup plan with focusing on economic and quality point of view. Besides concept and realization of backup plan the concept of the backup directive is created .

Es wird ein Verfahren zur Energiekalibrierung von Niedrig-Z-Szintillatoren vorgestellt. Jenes basiert dabei auf einem roboter-unterstütztem Weitwinkel-Compton-Aufbau. In diesem werden die koinzidenten Ereignisse von Compton-gestreuten Photonen in einem HPGe-Detektor und einem Niedrig-Z-Szintillator erfasst und die Messdaten zur Energiekalibrierung des letzteren genutzt. Eine Bestimmung von Compton-Kanten für das Szintillatormaterial ist dabei nicht zwingend notwendig. / A technique for the energy calibration of low-Z scintillators is being presented. It is based on a robot-supported wide-angle Compton setup. In this the coincident events of photons being Compton-scattered in a HPGe detector and a low-Z scintillator are being recorded and the generated measurement data used for energy calibration of the latter. A determination of Compton edges in the scintillator material is not necessarily needed.

The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyze the chosen logistics parameters in the process of purchasing of input materials on a particular company economy and their mathematical modelling. Graphical and mathematical outputs will be created in the computer system Maple.

This master's thesis is about nature optimalization technigues. Evolution algortihms together with main thesis topic, Particle Swarm Optimization, is introduced in the following chapter. Car setup and simulator TORCS are introduced in next chapter. Design and implementation are introduced in next chapters. Destination of t master's thesis is finding optimal car setups for different curcuits.

The topic of this master degree thesis is Formula Car Steering System Design. The thesis analyses principles connected with the steering system, such as aligning torque, camber variation from steering or spindle height change, as well as the influence of the steering wheel geometry on these principles. The main part of this thesis is steering system designing for practical purposes in international competitions of university teams. The simulation of parts is processed by finite element method. Also included are the load transfer and the tyre data sets topics. The thesis concludes with a list of several examples of car setup for cornering.

Infolge des Herstellungsprozesses textiler Bewehrungen ergeben sich unterschiedliche Materialeigenschaften in den beiden Hauptrichtungen (Schuss und Kette). Diese Unterschiede entstehen durch verschiedene Einflussfaktoren, z. B. aus dem Verbundverhalten oder der Querschnittsform der Rovings. Um das Tragverhalten des anisotropen Verbundwerkstoffes Textilbeton experimentell untersuchen zu können, müssen mögliche Einflüsse aus dem Versuchsaubau möglichst gering gehalten werden, bzw. – falls unvermeidbar – in ihrer Wirkung qualitativ und quantitativ bestimmt und bei der Auswertung der Versuchsergebnisse berücksichtigt werden. Auf der Grundlage der durchgeführten umfangreichen experimentellen Untersuchungen wird eine qualitative Bewertung des Versuchsstandes sowie der verwendeten berührungslosen Messtechnik, der Nahbereichsphotogrammetrie, vorgenommen.

På senaste tiden har leveransprecision blivit allt viktigare eftersom kunder idag kännetecknas av att vara mer tidskänsliga och ständigt söker efter produkter som är specifikt anpassade till kunden. Tid har därmed betraktats som ett kriterium för konkurrens och är betydande för företag att kunna konkurrera på marknaden. Osäkerheter i marknaden har en stor påverkan på leveransprecision och det är en stor utmaning för företag att planera produktion utifrån dessa osäkerheter. När produktion för en artikel planeras måste en planerare ta hänsyn till osäkerheter som exempelvis att en maskin kan sluta fungera, att en defekt produkt måste omarbetas eller att det tar längre tid än planerat för att utföra ett arbetsmoment som leder till att en ledtid blir längre. Syftet med studien var att identifiera orsaker till skillnaden mellan planerad och verklig produktionstid samt ge förbättringsförslag för att minska skillnaden. Syftet har uppfyllts med hjälp utav en fallstudie på AQ Group i Pålsboda och genom intervjuer där planerad och verklig produktionstid har undersökts. En litteraturstudie har utnyttjats och tre frågeställningar har formulerats till studien. Dessa frågeställningar lyder: Hur ser skillnaden ut mellan planerad och verklig produktionstid? Vad är orsakerna till dessa skillnader? Hur kan dessa orsaker elimineras? Under det teoretiska avsnittet har fokuset varit på cykeltider, ställtider, produktionstid, Lean och produktionsplanering. Resultatet visar en total skillnad på 24 % mellan den planerade och verkliga produktionstiden över en 5-dagarsperiod. Några orsaker som påträffats är att de standardiserade arbetssätten inte är uppdaterade, inte är tvingande för operatörer att utföra och att det inte existerar några illustrationer för standardiseringen. En annan orsak är onödiga arbetsmoment där verktyg ligger långt ifrån arbetsstationerna och ibland fattas som gör att produktionstiden blir längre än planerat. Avslutningsvis presenteras kritiska förbättringsförslag som specifikt påverkar skillnaden i produktionstiderna och allmänna förbättringsförslag som AQ Group i Pålsboda kan ta nytta av för att effektivisera verksamheten. / In recent times delivery precision has become more important to customers, which today are characterized by being more time sensitive and constantly looking for products that are specifically tailored to the customer. Time is being seen as a criterion for competitors and it is important for companies to be able to compete in the market. Uncertainties in the current market have an effect on delivery precision and it is a major challenge for companies to plan production based on these uncertainties. When production for an article is planned, it should be planned in consideration of uncertainties, for example, a machine may break down, a defective product may need a rework or that it takes longer than planned to carry out an operation leading to a longer lead time. The purpose of the study was to identify causes of difference between planned and actual production time and to provide improvement suggestions to reduce the difference. The purpose has been achieved through a case study in AQ Group in Pålsboda with help of interviews where planned and actual production time has been investigated. A literature study has been used as well as three questions. These questions are: What is the difference between planned and actual production time? What are the causes of these differences? How can these causes be eliminated? During the theoretical section, the focus has been on cycle times, setup times, production time, Lean and production planning. The results show a total difference of 24% between the planned and actual production time over a 5-day period. Causes that have been found are that the standardized working methods are not up to date, are not mandatory for operators to perform and that there exist no illustrations for the standardization. Another cause is unnecessary work steps where tools is far away from the workstations and sometimes missing which leads to the production time being longer than planned. Lastly the study provides critical improvement suggestions that specifically affect the differences between planned and actual production times and general improvement suggestions that AQ Group in Pålsboda can take part of to streamline operations.