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Showing 1 to 3 of 3 (0.015 seconds)Spelling suggestions: "subject:"sevres"" "subject:"oevres""
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La porcelaine de Sèvres. Le décor floral, 1848 – 1897 : de la réalité botanique aux formes stylisées : les fleurs, les oiseaux, les insectes, les motifs d’inspiration végétale / Flower design of the Sevres Porcelain, 1848-1897 : from botanical reality to stylized shapes : flowers, birds, insects, plant ornamentsNishihara, Tomoko 15 October 2010 (has links)
Riche de sources d’inspiration multiples, parfois lointaines, islamiques, chinoises et japonaises, le décor floral de Sèvres présente des formes originales que ces influences ne suffisent pas à expliquer. Sèvres n’avait pas oublié sa propre tradition du XVIIIème siècle. Ses artistes n’étaient pas tous de simples copieurs de motifs.Nous avons découvert qu’il a existé dans la deuxième moitié du XIXème siècle une transformation radicale du décor floral, décidée alors que l’intérêt pour la botanique atteignait son apogée : certains décors créés alors à Sèvres échappèrent à toute classification. Nous avons voulu analyser l’évolution de ces fleurs et savoir d’où provenaient ces formes originales nées à côté de décors plus conformes aux courants artistiques de l’époque.Le bouquet magnifiquement arrangé de fleurs multiples, peint en couleurs de moufle « au naturel », disparaît dès 1857-1858, cédant la place à un simple bouquet d’une seule ou de deux espèces. Lui succède par exemple une organisation en un réseau construit de tiges ou de branches, celles-ci traçant parfois une spirale épousant le galbe d’un vase et encadrant des oiseaux.Ces fleurs dessinées d’après nature seront délibérément proscrites à partir de 1880, l’introduction des émaux incitant à la recherche d’une forme « décorative » au lieu d’être naturelle ou « illusionniste ». A partir de l’examen de plus de trois cents œuvres, et de dessins conservés à la manufacture nationale de Sèvres, nous avons retracé l’itinéraire commun, dépendant des variations de la politique artistique, suivi par ces peintres, et mis en lumière le caractère de chacun. / The Sevres porcelain’s flower design presents an original shape depending on many various inspiration sources so it is difficult to understand it. Sevres doesn’t forget its tradition of the 18th century. Its painters are not simple model copists.We discovered a deliberate transformation of the flower design in the second half of the 19th century when the botanical interest was at its top, and so we understood that the artists of Sevres had created unclassifiable forms, therefore an analysis of these flowers became necessary.The magnificent bouquet of various flowers painted in « petit feu » colours, in the « natural » style disappeared in 1857-1858. The bouquet was made of only one or two species. Stalks or branches were used for example in a spiral with birds in the middle on the vase curve.But after 1880 those natural flowers, with the introduction of the coloured enamels, were banished. The painters were in search of a decorative style, instead of a natural or illusionist one.With more than three hundred pieces, many models and designs, we have drawn the itinerary of those flower painters, depending on the variations of the same art trend, while keeping their own personalities.
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Les effets juridiques des massacres commis contre les Armeniens en 1915 et leurs modes de resolutions judiciaires et extrajudiciaires possibles / The legal effects of the massacre committed against the armenians in 1915 and its possible judicial and extra-judicial resolution modes.Dakessian, Rodney 14 December 2012 (has links)
Ma thèse vise en premier ressort à étudier toutes les questions juridiques concernant la ‘question arménienne’.D’abord, le sujet de l’existence des éléments du crime de génocide en 1915 au niveau du droit international conventionnel a été notre première question à étudier. Ensuite, il était indispensable d’étudier la nature du crime commis envers les Arméniens ottomans en 1915.En plus, est-ce que l’Etat Turc actuel peut-il être responsable d’un crime commis par l’Empire ottoman, selon le principe de la succession d’Etats en droit international, surtout que l’Etat Turc n’était créé qu’en 1923 ? Et en cas de l’existence de cette responsabilité, est-ce que l’Arménie a droit à l’action en responsabilité, surtout qu’au moment de la perpétration du crime, il n’y avait pas un Etat Arménien ? Les victimes étaient des ressortissants de l’Empire ottoman mais d’origine arménienne. Donc il faudra étudier la qualité de l’Arménie pour agir en justice, par des moyens judiciaires ou extrajudiciaires, vis-à-vis surtout du principe de la non-rétroactivité des traités, surtout que dans notre cas, le crime a été perpétré en 1915, alors que la Convention sur le génocide n’a été promulguée qu’en 1948.En fait, notre thèse vise en dernier ressort à rapprocher les deux pays et mettre fin réellement au conflit entre eux, à percevoir ce qui les rassemblent et non ce qui les divisent, et trouver une solution équitable et objective pour les deux pays afin de contribuer à mettre fin à leur litige historique, et cela à travers une étude réaliste, impartiale et basée sur la logique et la nature des choses et des circonstances du fait existantes. / The main purpose of my thesis is to study all the legal issues concerning the 'Armenian question'.First, the existence of the elements of the crime of genocide in 1915 at the conventional international law, made our first question to consider. Then, it was necessary to study the nature of the crime committed against the Ottoman Armenians in 1915.In addition, can Turkey be responsible for a crime committed by the Ottoman Empire, according to the principle of succession of States in international law, especially that the Turkish state was created in 1923?And in case of such responsibility, has Armenia the right to maintain a lawsuit against Turkey, especially at the time of the crime, there was no Armenian state?The victims were citizens of the Ottoman Empire but of Armenian descent.Also, the quality of Armenia to take legal action, by judicial or extrajudicial processes, must be studied, regarding especially to the principle of non-retroactivity of treaties, especially that in our case, the crime was committed in 1915, while the Genocide Convention was enacted in 1948.In fact, our thesis aims ultimately to bring the two countries closer and actually try to help reach the end of the conflict between them, perceive what gather them and not what divides them, and find a fair and objective solution for both countries, in order to help put an end to their historic dispute, and that through a realistic and impartial study, based on logic and the nature of things and the circumstances of the existing.
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Sovereignty, Peacekeeping, and the United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF), Suez 1956-1967: Insiders’ PerspectivesHilmy, Hanny 13 February 2015 (has links)
This research is concerned with the complex and contested relationship between the sovereign prerogatives of states and the international imperative of defusing world conflicts. Due to its historical setting following World War Two, the national vs. international staking of claims was framed within the escalating imperial-nationalist confrontation and the impending “end of empire”, both of which were significantly influenced by the role Israel played in this saga. The research looks at the issue of “decolonization” and the anti-colonial struggle waged under the leadership of Egypt’s President Nasser. The Suez War is analyzed as the historical event that signaled the beginning of the final chapter in the domination of the European empires in the Middle East (sub-Saharan decolonization followed beginning in the early 1960s), and the emergence of the United States as the new major Western power in the Middle East.
The Suez experience highlighted a stubborn contest between the defenders of the concept of “sovereign consent” and the advocates of “International intervention”. Both the deployment of the United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF) and its termination were surrounded by controversy and legal-political wrangling. The role of UNEF and UN peacekeeping operations in general framed the development of a new concept for an emerging international human rights law and crisis management. The UNEF experience, moreover, brought into sharp relief the need for a conflict resolution component for any peace operation. International conflict management, and human rights protection are both subject to an increasing interventionist international legal regime. Consequently, the traditional concept of “sovereignty” is facing increasing challenge.
By its very nature, the subject matter of this multi-dimensional research involves historical, political and international legal aspects shaping the research’s content and conclusions. The research utilizes the experience and contributions of several key participants in this pioneering peacekeeping experience. In the last chapter, recommendations are made –based on all the elements covered in the research- to suggest contributions to the evolving UN ground rules for international crisis intervention and management. / Graduate / hilmyh@uvic.ca
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