Till följd av regeringsbeslutet om obligatorisk utbildning i sex och relationer för alla lärarstudenter från och med 2021 och en insikt i att det finns ett behov av en förbättrad undervisning inom ämnesområdet, har vi syftet att synliggöra, utifrån den forskning som existerar, varför det bör undervisas i ämnesområdet redan från de tidiga åldrarna i skolan. Arbetet är en forskningsöversikt där vi har utgått från olika databaser där sökningarna har skett systematiskt. Forskning inom ämnesområdet sex och relationer mot målgruppen är väldigt begränsad, i vissa fall till och med obefintlig. Detta kan bero på att den vuxne individen inte ser sex och relationer som en självklarhet utan som något som kan anses kontroversiellt, då barnets oskuldsfullhet har en stark position i samhället. Undervisning i ämnesområdet bör utgå från elevens perspektiv, intresse, behov och nyfikenhet oavsett vad de vuxna tycker. Forskningen som vi tagit del av poängterar vikten av en tydlig och adekvat läroplan i ämnesområdet samt att det krävs en samverkan mellan vårdnadshavare, skolan, lärare och eleverna själva. Det påvisas att vi lever i en tid av ständig press från omvärldens krav och normer, där skolans ansvar och roll som utbildare är högst relevant.

A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Education in fulfilment or partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Education (Educational Psychology) and Special Education at the University of Zululand, 2002. / The current investigation consisted of three aims. The first aim was to determine the nature of secondary school learners* attitudes towards sex education. The second aim was to determine the learners' attitudes towards sex education in relation to information given by parents, teachers, peers and other media. The third aim was to determine the extent to which the following variables: gender, age. grade and residence influence the attitudes of learners towards sex education. A questionnaire was administered to a group of learners between ages of 13 years and below, up to 24 years and above. About fifty-five percent of learners were favourably disposed towards sex education. The results indicated that learners" attitudes are influenced by variables like gender, age, grade and residence.

This project was conceived at the Psychiatric Security Unit of Oregon State Hospital in 1968-69. The purpose of the study-was to develop a fund of knowledge concerning the Oregon "sexually dangerous" and to emphasize those elements of the subject which require more sophisticated research. It was undertaken with the hope that the information provided would prove of value to the professional and layman in their understanding of sexual offenses against children. The study plan, designed around an investigation of sexual offender characteristics, was submitted to the administrator of Oregon State Hospital, and permission was granted to examine clinical histories of the 81 sexual offenders who had been committed under Oregon Sexual Psychopath Statutes from September 1963, to May 1969. The study design was exploratory and descriptive. Exploratory elements were reflected in the effort to increase the student's familiarity with the subject of child molestation. Description was directed toward a presentation of data in succinct form which would be suitable to later refinement. A schedule of items was developed which included three main areas of inquiry: characteristics of (1) the offender, (2) the victim, (3) the offense. Appropriate sub-items rounded out the instrument. No explicit hypotheses were posed; however, two underlying guiding hypotheses were implicit: (1) Oregon offenders would be similar to other sexual offenders; (2) the traditional view of sexual offenders is unsupported by scientific investigation. Data was compiled over a three - month period and statistics were recorded in tabular form. A breakdown of offender types was employed for clarity. Findings related to the offender indicated a bi-modal distribution of age with the greatest number in the 20 - 29 age class interval and a rather high percentage over 50. All were white males and as many were married as were single. Their educational level was slightly lower than the general population and most did manual work. Social and employment adjustment was manifestly poor. Their psychiatric condition at the time of the current commitment included disorders of the personality for the most part. Many of the offenders had been, discharged at the time of the study; however, there were a substantial number of long-term cases continuing. Victims were predominantly in the 8 ~ 11 age class interval which is comparable with similar studies., The Oregon group .involved higher number of multiple victims than is usually found However, offender-victim relationship was comparable to most offender samples. The concept that a stranger plays a minor role in sexual offenses was not clearly supported by the study. Offenders were not particularly recidivistic prior to the current offense, and none have repeated f0llowing discharge. Contrary to the notion of violent threatening behavior on the part of the offender, findings indicated a very low frequency/with most acts consisting of immature sexual gratification. Victim behavior was not often resistive, mostly consensual, and occasionally inviting. Offenses occurred most frequently in a residence. Duration of the offense was more often single occurrence except in the incest group. Intoxication was present in a minority of offenses but played a major role in certain types of offense. Implications for further research suggest the need for additional empirical studies which will explore the interrelated factors among characteristic items and experimental studies designed to assess the effectiveness of treatment methods.

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Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

Digitized by Kansas State University Libraries