This dissertation focuses on workplace accidents, a chronic problem in Turkey. I conducted my fieldwork in İstanbul’s Tuzla shipyards, where approximately 160 workers have died in work accidents since 1992. The Tuzla shipyards are both a symbol of negative working conditions and chronic work accidents in Turkey, and a site where the definitions, causes, and effects of work accidents are problematized, examined, and contested. In my research, I explore the ways in which various conflicting actors describe, identify, and explain accidents at work in relation to contested understandings, discourses, and practices of development. To be sure, the definition of accidents at work as preventable or inevitable dramatically shape the evaluation of the problem and the ways in which work accidents were acted upon or not by contesting actors. While I examine the ways that work accidents are identified I also investigate how different actors legitimized their positions in relation to contested understandings of development. The enduring nature of workplace injuries in rapidly developing Turkey has caused many activists and academics to question the contemporary obsession with development and the belief that economic growth will inevitably lead to social justice. Following these critical insights, I investigate the relationship between the prioritization of national economic growth and the persistence of workplace injuries in Turkey. Although I analyze the critiques of work accidents as critiques of the obsession with economic development, I also observed a more complicated narrative of class mobility and the aspiration for development amongst the working class themselves. The Tuzla shipyards zone is not only a uniquely dense industrial zone where workplace injuries are common, but also a unique site where a few workers have been able to quickly form their own subcontractor companies and benefit from rapid economic growth in the shipyards. Based on my ethnographic observations I argue that the dominant discourse about development also affects working classes’ aspirations and their desires to have a better life.

O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi avaliar a presença e entender como são desenvolvidos os Fatores Críticos de Sucesso (FCSs) para a produtividade e competitividade dos estaleiros da construção naval do Vale do Itajaí - SC. Buscou-se também, como objetivos específicos, identificar quais FCSs podem colaborar para a produtividade e competitividade dos estaleiros, quais de seus FCSs devem ser aperfeiçoados e identificar o grau de importância dos FCSs dessa indústria segundo a visão dos gestores dos estaleiros. Pretendeu-se analisar também se os estaleiros possuem em seu processo de fabricação elementos da produção enxuta. O presente estudo consiste em uma pesquisa qualitativa e de caráter exploratório, sendo o método de pesquisa utilizado o estudo de caso. Para a coleta de dados, representantes dos estaleiros da construção naval do Vale do Itajaí foram entrevistados. A observação direita foi realizada a partir da Rapid Plant Assessment (RPA), desenvolvida por Goodson (2002). Conclui-se em relação aos FCSs que podem colaborar para a produtividade e competitividade dos estaleiros que é essencial que se tenha políticas governamentais que fomentem o crescimento dessa indústria e que ela possua fornecedores situados no Vale do Itajaí. Parcerias entre estaleiros universidades e escolas técnicas para a geração de mão de obra também são necessárias. Por sua vez, em relação aos FCSs que devem ser aperfeiçoados destaca-se que há poucas parcerias para o desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias tanto entre os estaleiros e sua cadeia de suprimento, quanto em relação aos estaleiros e as universidades e os centros de pesquisas. Deve ser aperfeiçoada também a gestão da informação. Nenhum estaleiro registra de maneira formal o conhecimento e experiências de seus funcionários. Em relação aos fatores importantes para o desenvolvimento dos estaleiros da indústria da construção naval do Vale do Itajaí, receberam de seus representantes notas máximas o estabelecimento de contratos com fornecedores por longos períodos e o recebimento dos recursos do Fundo da Marinha Mercante. Quanto à analise realizada para verificar se os estaleiros possuem em seu processo de fabricação elementos da produção enxuta que apoiem a sua produtividade e competitividade, verificou baixa adequação. / The main objective of this work was to evaluate the presence and understanding how are developed the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) to productivity and competitiveness of shipbuilding in the Vale do Itajaí - SC. As specific objectives, it sought to identify which CSFs can collaborate for a shipyard\'s productivity and competitiveness, which of its CSFs should be improved and to recognize the degree of importance of the CSFs of this industry according to a shipyard managers\' view. Also it was analyzed if the shipyards have in their manufacturing process elements of the lean thinking production . The present study consists of a qualitative and exploratory research, being the research method used in the case study. For data collection, representatives of shipbuilding in the Vale do Itajaí were interviewed. The direct observation was made from the Rapid Plant Assessment (RPA), developed by Goodson (2002). It can be concluded with respect to the CSFs that can collaborate for a productivity and competitiveness of the shipyards that it is essential to have government policies that foster the growth of the industry and that it has suppliers located in the Vale do Itajaí. Partnerships between universities and technical colleges for a generation of manpower are also needed. In relation to the FSCs that need to be improved, it should be noted that there are few partnerships for the development of new technologies between shipyards and their supply chain, as well as for shipyards and universities and research centers. Information management must also be improved. No shipbuilding recorder in formal or known form and experiences of its employees. Regarding important factors to the development of shipyards in the shipbuilding industry of the Vale Itajaí, they received their maximum declarations or the establishment of representatives with suppliers for long periods and the receipt of the resources of the Merchant Marine Fund. In relation to analyze if the shipyards has in its fabrication process elements of lean manufacturing, it was verified low adequacy.

The long-standing concept of risk management in the financial sector has attracted more attention after the financial crisis of 2007–2008. In the context of ship finance, marine insurance has proven itself to be an effective tool to transfer certain shipping risks to insurers who are not directly involved in the ship finance projects. This thesis provides original suggestions concerning the role of marine insurance in ship finance, combining a financial perspective, an insurance perspective and a legal perspective. Marine insurance is a key risk management technique that fits into the general risk management process adopted by ship financiers. However, it is not necessarily the most appropriate technique in every particular case due to its limitations and costs. As a result, insurance gaps are identified to assist financiers in optimising the use of marine insurance and to help insurers to spot business opportunities. Marine insurance is a contract which is to be governed by and construed in accordance with the law. At the same time, marine insurance is a contract rather than a guarantee: if something goes wrong in the ship finance package and there is a marine policy, it should not be assumed that the policy represents money in the bank. Things can go wrong under the policy: apart from the legal risks relating to claims under the policy, the law itself may be a risk. In the context of ship finance, the risk transfer is not the only role of marine insurance. Other roles include, inter alia, reducing capital costs, improving the liquidity of shipowners and shipbuilders, and providing peace of mind for ship financiers. Nevertheless, such roles can only be created and sustained if the insurance contracts are carefully drafted and the legal risks are properly managed. The intention has been to state the law as it stands on October 28, 2017.

O plano de revitalização da construção naval brasileira e a demanda explosiva criada pelas descobertas das enormes jazidas de petróleo abaixo da camada de sal motivaram pelo menos 20 anúncios de novos estaleiros no país. Nesse contexto e colimada com o desafio de erguer uma indústria competitiva, esse trabalho visa contribuir com uma maior racionalidade nas decisões associadas à estratégia de produção para estaleiros brasileiros. O objetivo da pesquisa é desenvolver um modelo de formulação dessa estratégia e reunir o conhecimento crítico sobre cada uma das 18 áreas de decisão apontadas no modelo. O processo de formulação de estratégia desenvolvido segue uma ordem sistemática de identificação do status quo, definição do futuro que se deseja perseguir, identificação de ações necessárias, escolha da melhor solução e implementação. O conteúdo da estratégia consiste no detalhamento das áreas de decisão, que a teoria mostrou estarem organizadas em cinco grupos: Planta e equipamentos; Planejamento e Controle da Produção; Gestão dos Recursos Humanos; Desenvolvimento Tecnológico; e Aspectos Organizacionais. Ao final, as principais recomendações tecidas para um novo estaleiro brasileiro foram: utilizar produção automatizada até a submontagem, realizar a edificação com megablocos, implementar uma logística interna aprimorada e o sincronismo na produção; realizar o planejamento com software que otimiza a carga de trabalho nas oficinas; controle total da produção; atribuir maior autonomia às equipes com poder de decisão sobre problemas no chão de fábrica; engenharia deve ter foco em padronizar processos e buscar o aumento da eficiência dos recursos; garantir a transmissão da estratégia de produção para os gerentes e operários (caminho crítico, prazos). / The revitalization of the Brazilian shipbuilding industry, further reinforced with the discovery of enormous oil reserves in the subsalt layer, motivated at least 20 projects for new shipyards to be deployed in the upcoming years. In this context, and in line with the proposition of developing a competitive industry, this work aims to contribute with a greater rationality in the decisions associated with the Brazilian shipyards production strategy. The objective of this research is to build up a model to formulate this strategy and bring together the critical knowledge on each of the 18 decision areas pointed out by the model. The process for formulating the strategy follows a systematical order of identifying the status quo, determining the future that should be sought, identifying the necessary actions, selecting the best solution, and implementing it. The content of the strategy consists in the detailing of the decision areas, which theory illustrated to belong to one of five groups: Plant and equipment, Production Planning and Control; Human resource management; Technological development and Organizational issues. Main recommendations to a new shipyard in Brazil were: use of automation in the manufacturing of panels up to the subassembly, erection of the ship with megablocks, enhanced internal logistics and synchronism of the production; use of software that optimizes the work flow in the shops during the planning process; total control of production; assignment of greater autonomy to teams with decision power over problems at the shop floor; focusing of the engineering department on standardizing processes and striving for increased efficiency of assets and labor; assurance that the transmission of production strategy to managers and employees (critical paths, deadlines).

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-22T22:10:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fabricio.pdf: 5714799 bytes, checksum: 2b6dd3d2699151f5c4d99d30e7d250d0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-23 / The shipbuilding industry is characterized by variability in their level of activity, as work by hiring custom work. Thus, the production companies that work with custom face difficulties in their production sequence in an attempt to reconcile high rate of utilization of productive resources with the time of delivery. The main participants in the international market of shipbuilding following strategies of specialization. Manufacturers seek Brazilian expand, specializing in the manufacture of offshore support vessels, tankers and containers door-to coasting. In Manaus (AM), the largest shipyards to build vessels in steel, has as its main product the rafts and pushers, driven by demand for grain and minerals industries of the region. For methodological procedures for this work were used quantitative and qualitative data. Initially, a literature search. Then went to the field research, conducted at the Shipyard A, where he collected the data. It appears that both steps were necessary and are complementary, so that could explain the first empirical research that was developed after the event. In the study of the production process of the Shipyard A, it was possible to understand the relationship between of each steps. Thus, we developed mathematical models and software that represent the production system. By applying methods of Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) and Critical Path Method (CPM), has developed a proposal for a production system with the possibility of reduction of the production of a raft of 60 to 26 days, reduction of 56. 6%. To obtain this result, it would be necessary to increase the number of labor, this investment is justified only to constant demands for ferries. Then, have developed computer simulation models in the software arena, thus enabling the generation and manipulation of scenarios of the system under study without monetary damages and maintaining the physical integrity of those involved. / O setor da construção naval caracteriza-se pela inconstância no seu nível de atividade, uma vez que trabalha por contratação de obras sob encomenda. Dessa forma, as empresas que trabalham com produção sob encomenda enfrentam dificuldades em sequenciar sua produção, na tentativa de conciliar elevada taxa de utilização dos recursos produtivos com os prazos de entrega. Os principais participantes do mercado internacional de construção naval seguem estratégias de especialização. Os fabricantes brasileiros procuram expandir, especializando-se na fabricação de navios de apoio offshore, petroleiros e porta-contêineres para a navegação de cabotagem. Em Manaus (AM), os maiores estaleiros que constroem embarcações em aço, têm como seu principal produto as balsas e empurradores, impulsionados pela demanda das indústrias de grãos e minérios da região. Em relação aos procedimentos metodológicos para a realização deste trabalho, utilizaram-se dados quantitativos e qualitativos. Inicialmente, realizaram-se pesquisas bibliográficas. Em seguida, passou-se à pesquisa de campo, realizada no Estaleiro A, onde se coletou os dados. Destaca-se que ambas as etapas foram necessárias e que se complementaram, de modo que a primeira pôde fundamentar a pesquisa empírica que foi desenvolvida a posteriori. Com o estudo do processo produtivo de balsas do Estaleiro A, foi possível entender a relação entre as etapas que o compõe. Dessa forma, foram desenvolvidos modelos lógicos e matemáticos que representam esse sistema produtivo. Com a aplicação dos métodos Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) e Critical Path Method (CPM), foi desenvolvido uma proposta de sistema produtivo com possibilidade de redução do tempo de produção de uma balsa de 60 para 26 dias úteis, redução de 56,6%. Para obter esse resultado, seria necessário aumentar o número de mão-de-obra; esse investimento só justifica-se para demandas por balsas constantes. Em seguida, foram desenvolvidos modelos de simulação computacional no software ARENA, possibilitando assim a geração e manipulação de cenários do sistema em estudo sem prejuízos monetários e mantendo a integridade física dos envolvidos

This thesis is dedicated to the study of forward scatter radar (FSR) in the marine environment. FSR is a class of bistatic radar where target detection occurs at very large bistatic angle, close to the radar baseline. It is a rarely studied radar topology and the maritime application is a completely novel area of research. The aim is to develop an easily deployed buoy mounted FSR network, which will provide perimeter protection for maritime assets—this thesis presents the initial stages of investigation. It introduces FSR and compares it to the more common monostatic/bistatic radar topologies, highlighting both benefits and limitations. Phenomenological principles are developed to allow formation of forward scatter signal models and provide deeper understanding of the parameters effecting the operation of an FSR system. Novel FSR hardware has been designed and manufactured and an extensive measurement campaign undertaken. The outcome of this was the creation of the first comprehensive maritime FSR target and clutter signal database—results from which have been shown with preliminary analysis. Alongside experimental work, a sea surface model has been produced in order to estimate the effects of wave blocking in high sea states and assess FSR performance in these conditions.

In 2002 and 2003, the Institute of Nautical Archaeology excavated the remains of an East Greek ship that sank off the coast of Pabuç Burnu, Turkey, sometime in the second quarter of the sixth century B.C. The scant remains of the vessel’s hull have provided the first archaeological evidence for laced shipbuilding in the Aegean. The diagnostic features preserved in the hull fragments are consistent with those of Greek laced construction, as evidenced in other shipwrecks from the same period found in the western Mediterranean. The planking joinery included edge inserts, or coaks, between the planking strakes and ligatures laced through oblique holes drilled along the sides of the planks through tetrahedral notches. The ship’s framing consisted of pre-fashioned made-frames alternating, on the upper sides of the hull, with top-timbers. The frames had trapezoidal sections, were notched over the planking seams on their underside, and were lashed to the hull. The top-timbers had rectangular sections and were both lashed and treenailed to the planking. Notable in this vessel’s construction is the use of tenons as coaks in its original construction, the earliest example of tenon usage in Greek shipbuilding. The hull’s construction features are virtually identical to those of the Cala Sant Vicenç wreck in Majorca, and mostly similar as well to those of wreck 1 at Gela. The Pabuç Burnu and Cala Sant Vicenç ships are further similar in the use of traditional cylindrical dowel coaks for making repairs to the hull, wherein they are inserted obliquely along one side through the face of the replacement plank. These features testify to a critical phase in Greek shipbuilding when tenons replaced dowels as coaks in laced construction, paving the way for the eventual supplanting of lacing by pegged mortise-and-tenon joinery. Furthermore, examination and comparison of numerous construction details of these and other Greek shipwrecks from the sixth through fourth centuries B.C. suggest that mortise-and-tenon technology could have evolved naturally within the Greek tradition of laced construction, rather than being incorporated directly from some foreign—most likely Phoenician—shipbuilding method.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of New Brunswick, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references.

Numerous studies, books, and articles have been written on Britains retreat from its former empire in the 1960s. Journalists wrote about it at the time, many people who were involved wrote about it in the immediate years that followed, and historians have tried to put it all together. The issues of foreign policy at the strategic level and the military operations that took place in this period have been especially well covered. However, the question of military strategic alternatives in this important era of British foreign policy has been less studied. This dissertation discusses such high-profile projects as the TSR.2 and F.111, prospective VTOL aircraft and not least the CVA-01 fleet carrier, but most of all it focuses on the issue of military strategy. The rivalry between the Royal Navy and the Royal Air Force was largely about the questions of carrier aviation versus land-based air power – and which strategic option would best answer the British need to maintain influence as the garrisons were being scaled down. The Royal Navy argued for replacement fleet carriers for their mobile seaborne strategy, while the Royal Air Force argued that land-based air power would be as effective and far less costly. By using this underlying strategic debate as the framework for understanding more specific debates on aircraft, ships and weapon systems, this dissertation aims to bring new light to our understanding of the dramatic restructuring and altered priorities these two military services saw during the 1960s. The story may be divided into three broad periods: From 1960 until mid 1963, it was a conceptual debate on ‘Carrier Task Forces’ and a concrete alternative ‘Island Strategy’. This ended in July 1963 with a Cabinet decision in favour of new fleet carriers. However, the Royal Air Force and the Treasury kept fighting this decision. Their continued resistance, together with the new Labour Government with Denis Healey as Secretary of State for Defence, changed the decision of 1963. The highpoint of the debate on carrier aviation and land-based air power came during 1965-66, ending with the decision of February 1966 to cancel the CVA-01 and gradually phase out the existing carrier fleet. Denis Healey then used the arguments for land-based air power as a rationale for the decision. The dissertation rounds off with a discussion of the planned phase-out of the existing carrier fleet. However, the story saw a different end than planned, as new strategic challenges in home waters came about and the evolving VTOL Harrier aircraft and the ‘through-deck cruisers’ gave new possibilities. This is a historical study of the British debate about maritime air power and strategic alternatives in the 1960s. However, the detailed story and arguments used for and against both alternatives should clearly have relevance to any conceptual debates on carrier and land-based air power.

Roberto da Sanseverino went on a pilgrimage to the Holy Land in 1458. He travelled from Venice to Jaffa on a galley and made his return, from Acre to Ancona, on a three-masted sailing ship. During both voyages he kept very accurate logs of distances, courses and wind directions. He described the sails employed for different modes of sailing and other activities pertaining to the safe operation of the vessels. These logs are contained in Sanseverino's diary of his pilgrimage and are an essential part of an original manuscript kept at the University of Bologna. This diary is the first documentation, and the only one known to exist up to this time, which presents a complete description of the methods employed by medieval shipmasters to navigate and handle their ships overlong voyages. The accuracy and reliability of the numeric data and of the other facts contained in the logs are such that, among other unusual findings, they make it possible to deter-mine the length of the Venetian sea mile, the angles of tack of medieval ships to windward and the speeds attainable under various conditions of sailing. Other original descriptions encompass the handling of ships in anchorages and some of the technical considerations that were essential to ensure ship seaworthiness under different conditions of cargo. Further reflections on all these data make it possible to arrive at certain conclusions about the economic constraints of sea ventures in different seasons of the year.