Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited / The Defense Transportation System (DTS), led by the Military Traffic Management Command (MTMC), depends on the commercial maritime industry to provide movement of supplies and equipment around the world. The maritime shipping container is a critical asset in providing for this logistical support to the war fighter abroad. These 20- or 40-foot containers have become the backbone of the maritime industry, and will continue to proliferate as global commerce continues to expand. While the growth in the use of maritime shipping containers in the 21st century has accelerated the nation's economic trade substantially, it may also have become a significant problem. Containers are an indispensable but vulnerable link in the chain of global trade; approximately 90 percent of the world's cargo moves by container. Because of DoD's dependency on the maritime industry and these containers, it will and must continue to ride the wave of commercial practices, specifically in pursuit of better security throughout the maritime industry. In the wake of September 11, 2001, and with the new threats of WMD, the maritime shipping container may become a weapons delivery system. This thesis documented the need for security improvements for the maritime shipping container in protecting global commerce and DoD cargo shipments. Comprehensive reviews of government reports, books, articles, and Internet based materials, as well as interviews with MTMC personnel, have indicated that DoD is taking a series of measures to meet these challenges. DoD's Defense Transportation System and the commercial maritime industry will be challenged and tested by new policy requirements. MTMC has already adopted new business processes, cargo manifest requirements, and technological innovations that assure customers in-transit visibility and total asset visibility (ITV/TAV), including the Intelligent Road-Rail Information Server (IRRIS) system. / Lieutenant Commander, United States Navy

Submitted by Vanessa Nunes (vnunes) on 2015-07-27T16:28:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Felipe Balthazar.pdf: 943281 bytes, checksum: 9c1a495a3effcebc8e3c6a0a1b38e242 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-27T16:28:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Felipe Balthazar.pdf: 943281 bytes, checksum: 9c1a495a3effcebc8e3c6a0a1b38e242 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-01-26 / Nenhuma / Frente à dificuldade das indústrias brasileiras em projetar os custos logísticos envolvidos nos processos de exportação e importação e sendo o frete internacional responsável pela maior fatia destes custos, é necessário que os gestores de logística conheçam os motivos que fazem o valor do frete marítimo se manter estável ou com constantes oscilações. Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar as variáveis que contribuem na precificação do frete marítimo internacional das exportações e importações brasileiras de cargas secas conteinerizadas. Foi realizado um estudo de campo exploratório dos trades da costa leste dos Estados Unidos, norte da Europa e Ásia com o Brasil através de pesquisas qualitativa e quantitativa e com a utilização de dados de pesquisa bibliográfica assim como dados secundários de análise documental. A coleta de dados qualitativos por sua vez foi realizada através de entrevistas semiestruturadas e conduzidas com um painel de experts formado por gestores responsáveis pela precificação do frete marítimo internacional nas suas empresas. Apesar da impossibilidade de proceder com a análise sistêmica devido à falta de significância estatística nos testes realizados, os resultados encontrados foram levados ao julgamento de um painel de experts que delimitaram as variáveis que de fato contribuem na precificação do frete marítimo. Considerando os trades estudados, observou-se que a relação entre a oferta e a demanda com o valor do frete são as variáveis que mais interferem na flutuação do frete marítimo porém outras variáveis são simultaneamente analisadas no processo de precificação do frete. Capacidade dos navios, custos operacionais, concorrência e alteração nos serviços ofertados estão entre as variáveis que os especialistas identificaram como as que mais interferem neste processo. / Based on the difficulty of Brazilian industries in providing a forecast of logistic costs involved in the export and import processes and being the international freight responsible for the largest share of these costs, it is necessary for the logistic managers know the reasons that make the price of ocean freight remains stable or continuously changing. This study aimed to identify the variables that contribute to the pricing of international ocean freight of Brazilian exports and imports of containerized dry cargoes. It has been conducted by an exploratory field study of east cost of United States, northern Europe and Asia with Brazil through a qualitative and quantitative research and the use of bibliographic data as well as secondary data analysis of documents. The qualitative data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews and conducted with experts made up of managers in charge of the pricing of international ocean freight in their companies. Despite the impossibility of proceeding with systemic analysis due to lack of statistical significance in the tests, the results were taken out to the judgment of experts to delimit in fact the variables that contribute to the pricing of ocean freight. Considering the trades studied, it was noticed that the relation between supply and demand with the ocean freight are the variable that most influence the fluctuation of the freight, but other variables are simultaneously analyzed in the pricing process. Capacity of vessels, operating costs, competitors and changes in the services offered are among the variables that experts have identified as those most contribute in this process.

Vegetative annuals are currently popular in the ornamental horticulture industry. Many crops are newly domesticated species and little is known about how they perform during shipping or in the retail environment. Nine species and 21 cultivars were grown and underwent simulated shipping after harvest or nitrogen toning two weeks before harvest. Shipping was not found to affect the number of flowers on all but two cultivars post ship. Nitrogen toning affected vegetative growth of most Bracteantha bracteata (bracteantha) cultivars at harvest. All species had an effect due to toning postharvest. Bractenatha and Diascia ×hybrida (diascia) were chosen for further study due to their performance during these experiments. The effect of thidiazuron (TDZ) as a foliar spray and nitrogen toning on leaf yellowing and plant growth of bracteantha were evaluated. The two treatments were then combined to see how the two treatments worked together. It was found TDZ decreased leaf yellowing but its effects can be negated if the plants were not toned. Nitrogen toning reduced vegetative growth of the bracteantha without affecting the number of flowers on the plants. Diascia was found to have flower abscission in response to shipping. Further trials were conducted using 1- methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) an ethylene inhibitor. The effects of shipping duration and temperature were investigated. 1-MCP was found to hold flowers on treated plants longer postharvest than those not treated. Plants shipped for one day had no differences from the control but shipping for two days had a negative effect on plant quality. Postharvest shelf life was decreased when diascia was shipped at 24 °C when compared to cooler shipping temperatures. These results indicate shipping for no longer than one day and at less than 24 °C is recommended for diascia.

Submitted by Marcia Silva (marcia@latec.uff.br) on 2016-07-15T20:00:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Luiz Claudio Dias Renato.pdf: 8269957 bytes, checksum: f96703b860281547900a8b1314416b9d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-15T20:00:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Luiz Claudio Dias Renato.pdf: 8269957 bytes, checksum: f96703b860281547900a8b1314416b9d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-18 / O presente trabalho apresenta os principais aspectos técnicos relacionados ao estudo e análise do contrato de salvamento LOF com a cláusula SCOPIC incorporada. O objetivo deste trabalho é fazer a análise do conceito de salvamento de embarcações no Transporte Marítimo, através de um contrato de salvamento Lloyd’s Open Form (LOF) com a cláusula SCOPIC (Special Conpensation P&I Clause) incorporada ao contrato. Uma vez que há um acidente que envolva um salvamento no mar, há todo um processo a ser seguido, o que envolve a retirada de declarações, a avaliação dos perigos, quer para nomear peritos, escolhendo testemunhas, cálculo dos valores do salvado, prêmio de salvamento, os valores do SCOPIC, desembolsos imediatos, a escolha do SCR (Shipowner Casualty Representative), nomeação dos advogados que representam os salvadores, seguradores de casco e máquinas, P&I e de carga, assim como, a utilização dos conceitos da Convenção Internacional de Salvamento no Mar (CISM 1989), em especial os Artigos 13 e 14. A opção metodológica adotada consistiu numa pesquisa qualitativa por instrumento de questionário eletrônico e levantamento exploratório. Como resultado da aplicação, foi possível verificar que os envolvidos em uma aventura marítima consideram o contrato de salvamento LOF, com a cláusula SCOPIC incorporada, importantíssimo para a atividade comercial de transporte marítimo. Dessa forma o trabalho contribui cientificamente para análises futuras dos valores envolvidos em um prêmio de salvamento, o problema da terceirização dos serviços de salvamento, o dilema do crescente gigantismo dos navios mercantes e suas cargas e uma possível avaliação equivocada das condições do navio na ocasião do salvamento. / This work highlights the main technical aspects related to the study and analysis of the LOF salvage contract with the SCOPIC clause. The objective of this work is to analyze the concept of salvage vessels in maritime transport through a salvage agreement Lloyd's Open Form (LOF) with SCOPIC clause (Special Conpensation P&I Clause) incorporated into the contract. Since there is an accident involving one salvage at sea, there is a whole process to be followed, which involves statements, the hazards assessment, in order to appoint the surveyors and experts, choosing witnesses, calculation of the saved values, salvage award, SCOPIC of values, out of pockets, the choice of SCR (Shipowner Casualty Representatives), appointment of lawyers representing the salvors, H&M insurers (Hull and machinery), P&I Clubs and cargo, as well as the use of the International Convention’s Salvage at Sea (CISM 1989), in highlight the Articles 13 and 14. The method adopted. The methodological option adopted consisted of a search for "survey" and exploratory survey. As a result of the application, it found that those involved in a maritime adventure consider the LOF salvage contract with SCOPIC clause incorporated important to the shipping industry. This work contributes scientifically to further analyzes of the amounts involved in a salvage award, the problem of outsourcing of the salvage services, the dilemma of growing gigantism of merchant ships and their

Vessels during their calls on ports is possible to have an inspection from the local Port State Control (PSC) authorities regarding their implementation of International Maritime Organization guidelines for safety and security. This qualitative study focuses on how shipping professionals understand and use Big Data in the PSC inspection databases, what characteristics they recognize these data should have, what value they attach to those big data, and how they use them to support the decision-making process within their organizations. This study conducted interviews with shipping professionals, collected their perspectives, and analyzed their sayings with Thematic Analysis to reach the study's outcome. Many researchers have been discussed Big Data characteristics and the value an organization or a researcher could have from Big Data and Analytics. However, there is no universally accepted theory regarding Big Data characteristics and the value for the database users. The research concluded that Big Data from the PSC inspections procedures provides valid and helpful information that broadens professionals' understanding of inspection control and safety need, through this, it is possible to upscale their internal operations and their decision-making procedures as long as these data are characterized by volume, velocity, veracity, and complexity.

Le NVP (Problème du Vendeur de Journaux) a été étudiée de façon continue au cours des dernières décennies pour la prise de décision dans les industries manufacturières et de services. Bien que beaucoup de travail a été fait dans le domaine du NVP, l'intérêt sur ce sujet ne diminue pas. Alors que de nouvelles tendances émergent dans les affaires, par exemple flux internationaux de produits et de e-commerce, les détaillants sont confrontés à de nouvelles situations et la littérature de NVP doit être enrichi. Dans ce travail, nous proposons trois nouvelles extensions NVP compte tenu des questions importantes rencontrées par le NV: plusieurs soldes, variété de produits et d'assortiment ainsi que des problèmes de drop-shipping et de retour des produits qui sont liés à l'e-commerce. Notre travail ajoute de la valeur à partir des travails antérieurs dans plusieurs aspects: assouplissement des hypothèses, l'examen de nouvelles questions, de nouvelles formulations et de la méthodologie ainsi que des aperçus intéressants. Nous formulons les modèles et donner les conditions d'optimalité de la quantité de commande. Aperçus utiles sont fournis sur la base des études numériques.En particulier, pour faire face à surstock, nous présentons un modèle NVP avec le prix dépendant de la demande et de multiples soldes. Nous prouvons la concavité de l’espérance de profit sur la quantité avec les distributions générales de la demande. Le prix initial et les pourcentages de soldes sont également analysés. La variété de produit est traité dans un multi-produits Problème avec le transfert de la demande (les demandes de produits non inclus dans l'assortiment proposé dans le magasin sont en partie transférés aux produits conservés dans l'assortiment) et substitution de la demande entre les produits qui sont inclus dans l'assortiment, en faisant la détermination conjointe de décision optimale de l'assortiment et des quantités de commande pour les produits qui sont inclus dans l'assortiment, pour optimiser le profit total prévu. Pour e-commerce, nous considérons un NV qui gère à la fois un magasin physique et un canal de vente sur Internet qui est remplie par une option drop-shipping, ainsi que la possibilité de revendre les produits qui sont retournés par les consommateurs au cours de la saison de vente. La concavité de l’espérance profit est prouvée et différents résultats sont obtenus à partir d'une analyse numérique. / The NVP (News-Vendor Problem) has been continuously studied over the last decades for decision making in manufacturing and service industries. Although a lot of work has been done in the NVP area, interest on this topic does not decrease. As new trends emerge in business, e.g. international flow of products and e-commerce, retailers are facing new situations and the literature of NVP needs to be enriched. In this work, we propose three new NVP extensions considering important issues faced by the NV: multiple discounts, product variety and assortment as well as drop-shipping and product return problems that are related to e-commerce. Our work adds value from earlier achievements in several aspects: relaxation of assumptions, consideration of new issues, new formulations and methodology as well as interesting insights. We formulate the models and give the optimality conditions of the order quantity. Useful insights are provided based on numerical studies.In particular, for dealing with overstock, we present a NVP model with price-dependent demand and multiple discounts. We prove the concavity of the expected profit on order quantity under general demand distributions. The optimal initial price and discount scheme are also analyzed. The product variety is treated in a multi-product News-Vendor Problem with demand transfer (the demands of products not included in the assortment proposed in the store are partly transferred to products retained in the assortment) and demand substitution between products that are included in the assortment, by focusing on the joint determination of optimal product assortment decision and optimal order quantities for products that are included in the assortment to optimize the expected total profit. For e-commerce, we consider a NV managing both a physical store inventory and a sale channel on internet that is fulfilled by a drop-shipping option, as well as the possibility of reselling products that are returned by consumers during the selling season. The concavity of the expected profit is proven and various results are obtained from a numerical analysis.

The objectives of the Maritime Labour Convention 2006 (hereafter: MLC 2006) have long been familiar to many states, but for some it has brought with it increased expectations in improving working conditions for seafarers. This study aims to analyse the early figures provided by Paris Memorandum of Understanding’s (hereafter: Paris MoU) on the number of deficiencies and detentions in before and after the implementation of the MLC 2006, as well as the ILO Committee of Experts 2014 Report, which marks the first full year of MLC 2006 compliance in the first ratifying states. The purpose was to provide an early report on the progress of the MLC 2006 to date as well as how it has adapted to concerns expressed by experts in maritime law prior to its implementation. Even if it has not been long enough since the entry into force to properly identify a trend, it is interesting to see a positive start to the MLC 2006, which has received rapidly increasing attention, and that awareness of labour rights has increased in the maritime industry. Figures also revealed that the early result is at least not a decrease in the number of reported deficiencies. In addition, the fact that a number of detentions have been issued is worthy of note, as they were very rare in the labour context before the MLC 2006.

Thesis (M.Tech.: Business Administration)-Dept. of Management, Durban University of Technology, 2006 ix, 154 leaves / The challenges of the 21st century have influenced the transportation of growing cargo volumes at ports that intercept major shipping routes along the coastline of Southern Africa (McCan, 2003:32-34). In view of these challenges, rivalry between ports along the coast of Southern Africa has increased (Nevin, 1998:27-28). Empirical research focuses on the financial management, management processes and competitive attributes at the port of Durban, South Africa. The primary objective investigates the impact that the nature of port administration had on the competitiveness of the port.

No description available.

published_or_final_version / Business Administration / Master / Master of Business Administration