Nesta tese apresentamos duas estratégias para resolver o problema de job-shop flexível com o objetivo de minimizar o makespan. A primeira estratégia utiliza um algoritmo branch and cut (B&C) e a segunda abordagens matheuristics. O algoritmo B&C utiliza novas classes de inequações válidas, originalmente formulada para o problema de job-shop e estendida para o problema em questão. Para que as inequações válidas sejam eficientes, o modelo proposto por Birgin et al, (2014) (A milp model for an extended version of the fexible job shop problem. Optimization Letters, Springer, v. 8, n. 4, 1417-1431), é reformulado (MILP-2). A segunda estratégia utiliza as matheuristcs local branching e diversification, refining and tight-refining. Os experimentos computacionais mostraram que a inclusão dos planos de corte melhoram a relaxação do modelo MILP-2 e a qualidade das soluções. O algoritmo B&C reduziu o gap e o número de nós explorados para uma grande quantidade de instâncias. As abordagens matheuristics tiveram um excelente desempenho. Do total de 59 instâncias analisadas, somente em 3 problemas a resolução do modelo MILP-1 obteve melhores resultados do que as abordagens matheuristcs / This thesis proposes two approaches to solve the flexible job-shop scheduling problem to minimize the makespan. The first strategy uses a branch and cut algorithm (B&C) and the second approach is based on matheuristics. The B&C algorithm uses new classes of valid inequalities, originally formulated for job-shop scheduling problems and extended to the problem at hand. The second approach uses the matheuristics local branching and diversification, refining and tight-refining. For all valid inequalities to be effective, the precedence variable based model proposed by Birgin et al, (2014) (A milp model for an extended version of the fexible job shop problem. Optimization Letters, Springer, v. 8, n. 4, 1417-1431), is reformulated (MILP-2). The computational experiments showed that the inclusion of cutting planes tightened the linear programming relaxations and improved the quality of solutions. B&C algorithm reduced the gap value and the number of nodes explored in a large number of instances. The matheuristics approaches had an excellent performance. From 59 instances analized, MILP-1-Gurobi showed better results than matheuristics approaches in only 3 problems

The objective of this thesis is to introduce MES systems with their properties and relations to other automation systems. Furthermore production scheduling theory is introduced with applicable mathematical methods. For given scheduling problem is created optimization model and basic serie of simulations is accomplished. The core of an existing MES system is transformed to web non-comercial platform. All necessary changes are listed in order to integrate production scheduling subsystem to the existing MES system.

This master’s thesis deals with problems of the web applications with respect to accessibility. At first it describes accessibility of the web pages. There are mentioned main reasons and initiatives for making accessible web pages. The first chapter is also aims to handicapped users. The handicapped users are separated to groups according to their handicap and impacts on accessibility of the web pages. The second chapter presents methodics of the accessible website, Czech and foreign rules and lawful orders. The foreign (WCAG, Section 508) and the Czech (Blind Friendly Web and Pravidla pro tvorbu přístupného webu) representatives of the rules are introduced in the next part of this chapter. The idea of the accessible web application – electronic shop - is presented in the third chapter. There are subscribed the conception of electronic shop, advantages and disadvantages and main functions. In the next part of this chapter there are mentioned the primary rules of the writing the source code of the web pages which are used during the creating of the accessible web application of the electronic shop. Closely there are introduced scripting language PHP, database system MySQL and Cascading Styles Sheets (CSS). The part of the master’s thesis is a mentioned accessible web application of the electronic shop. The presentation is placed on http://www.xandy.cz/tmp/ and presents the accessible web system with the respect to accessibility. Creation and description of this web application is mentioned in the last fourth chapter.

The main aim of this thesis is flow shop and job shop scheduling problem in logistics warehouses. Managing and scheduling works is currently often problem. There is no simple solution due to complexity of this problem. This problem must be resolved because of a lack efficiency of work with a higher load such as during the christmas holidays. This paper describes the methods used to solve this problem focusing mainly on the use of search algorithms, evolutionary algorithms, specifically grammar guided genetic programming. This paper describes the problem of job shop scheduling on a simple theoretical example. The implemented algorithm for solving this problem was subjected to tests inspired on data from real warehouse, as well as synthetically created tests with more jobs and a greater number of workers. Synthetic tests were generated randomly. All tests were therefore run several times and the results were averaged. In conclusion of this work are presented the results of the algorithm and the optimum parameter settings for different sizes of problems and requirements for the solution. Genetic algorithm has been extended to calculate fitness of individuals with regard to number of collisions, extended to use priority rules during run of evolution, and some parts of algorithm was parallelized.

This diploma thesis deals with a study on production process management for a selected component of the joint-stock company ZDAS. This component is cast piece. The first section is paying attention to the production process of a cast piece, starting from the offer, offer processing, proposal of manufacturing process, production of a cast piece inclusive of testing and, according to customer´s requirement, rough machining, where the last phase of order is a transport of product to customer. Another section is focusing on the productional subdivision of the moulding shop, where the moulding shop inputs and outputs, the mould making are described as well as evaluation of the plan fulfilment of castings production in the monitored periond. The closing section contains proposals that should lead to the improvement of production, conditions of their implementation and potential contributions.

This thesis deals with proposal of business plan for making an electronic shop with tyres. Parts of the business plan are business, marketing, organizational and financial plans and politics of risks. Source materials for the business plan are processed analyses of internal and external environment of the company in analytical part of the thesis.

Problem: The interest for sustainable business models is continuously increasing. In recent years closed-loop supply chain management and reverse logistics have gained ground in literature and in practice. One way of giving a product a new life is through charity shops. Charity organizations constantly struggle to stay efficient and reach their social commitment, often in an environment characterized by high uncertainty and with scarce resources. Literature has identified supply chain agility as one of the main sustainable success factors for organizations, especially when acting in an uncertain environment. However, previous studies have mainly focused on large enterprises and have largely neglected the context of charity shop logistics. Purpose: The purpose of this study is bring further understanding of logistic capabilities for supply chain agility in the context of charity shop logistics. Method: The study is conducted as a case study in a charity organization. The data gathering method is primarily qualitative data from semi-structured interviews, however some data was obtained from the ERP-system and from observations. The approach was mainly exploratory, and data analyzed from the interpretivistic paradigm. Data was triangulated and analyzed in relation to literature. Conclusion: Charity shop logistics faces a special context with high uncertainty from both supply and demand side. The study in contrast with previous studies indicated greater importance from integrated logistics capabilities for supply chain agility. This might be due to the special context the organization operates in where it is crucial to satisfy the need of the suppliers (donors) and the customers, while matching donations with sales. / Problem: Intresset för hållbara affärsmodeller växer ständigt. Under de senaste åren har slutna försörjningskedjor (closed-loop supply chains) och omvändlogistik (reverse logistic) vunnit mark i litteratur och i praktiken. Ett sätt att ge en produkt ett nytt liv är genom välgörenhetsbutiker. Välgörenhetsorganisationer kämpar ständigt med att vara effektiva för att kunna nå deras sociala åtagande, ofta i en miljö som karakteriseras av hög osäkerhet och med begränsade resurser. Litteratur har identifierat agila försörjningskedjor som en av de huvudsakliga långsiktiga framgångsfaktorerna för organisationer, särskilt när de verkar i en osäker miljö. Tidigare studier har dock fokuserat på större företag och har i stor utsträckning bortsett från kontexten av välgörenhetsorganisationer.  Syfte: Syftet med studien är att ge ökad förståelse om de logistikförmågor som krävs för att öka den agila förmågan i försörjningskedja, detta i kontexten av välgörenhetsbutiker. Metod: Studien är utförd som en fallstudie i en välgörenhetsorganisation. Framförallt kvalitativa data från semi-strukturerade intervjuer insamlades, dock analyserades även data från affärssystem och från observationer. Tillvägagångssättet var främst explorativt, och resultat tolkades från en interpretivistisk synvinkel. Insamlat resultat traingulerades och analyserades i relation till litteraturen.   Slutsats: Välgörenhetsbutiker möter en speciell kontext med både hög osäkerhet från leverantörs- och försäljningssidan. Till skillnad från tidigare studier visar denna studie större betydelse av integrerande logistikförmågor för att uppnå en agilare förörningskedjan. Detta kan bero på den speciella kontexten som organisationen verkar i där stor vikt läggs på att tillgodose både donatorernas (leverantörernas) och kundernas behov, samtidigt som donationer ska matchas med försäljning.

Els brassinoesteroides són fitohormones que actuen com a reguladors del creixement vegetal. En aquest camp, davant dels elevats costos necessaris per obtenir-los resulta rellevant la síntesi de mimètics. En aquest treball s'ha desenvolupat una estratègia per transformar l'inhibidor dels brassinoesteroides, el KM-01, en una nova família d'anàlegs amb activitat brassinoesteroide. Per sintetitzar tres mimètics del KM-01, ha estat necessari posar a punt un mètode per a produir microbiològicament el producte de partida (PR toxina) a escala de grams i, definir mitjançant tècniques computacionals, entre les quals destaca la nova metodologia SHOP, l'estructura d'aquests mimètics del KM-01. Finalment, s'ha posat a punt un bioassaig per avaluar-ne l'activitat antiestrès. / Los brasinoesteroides son fitohormonas que actúan como reguladores del crecimiento vegetal. En este campo, delante de los elevados costes necesarios para obtenerlos resulta relevante la síntesis de miméticos. En este trabajo, se ha desarrollado una estrategia para transformar el único inhibidor conocido de los brasinoesteroides, el KM-01, en una nueva familia de análogos con actividad brasinoesteroide. Para sintetizar tres miméticos del KM-01 ha sido necesaria la puesta a punto de un método para producir microbiológicamente el producto de partida (PR toxina) a escala de gramos y, definir, mediante técnicas de química computacional entre las que destaca la nueva metodología SHOP, la estructura de estos miméticos del KM-01. Finalmente, se ha puesto a punto un bioensayo para evaluar su actividad antiestrés. / Brassinosteroids are fitohormones that act as growth plant regulators. However, the high costs to obtain them drives to the relevance of synthesizing brassinosteroid mimetics. In this work, it has been developed a strategy in order to transform the only known brassinosteroids inhibitor, KM-01, into a new family of analogues with brassinosteroid activity. The synthesis of three KM-01 mimetics has required the microbiologic production of the starting material (PR toxin) in gram quantities and, the structure definition of KM-01 analogues by computational methods (SHOP methodology). Finally, a new bioassay has been developed in order to evaluate their antistress activity.

The theme of this thesis is the analysis and design of internet shop. The work is divided into three parts - theory, analysis and design. Each following chapter is divided into several sections. The main objective of this thesis is to design a successful internet shop. The analytical part of this thesis describes the current status and trends of Internet users in the country. Analytical section also describes the requirements for an online store, both in terms of potential customers, and in terms of the store owner. This is followed by the design part of the thesis, which is based on theoretical and analytical sections and there is a proposal of an online shop.

Internet trading had became common part of life to many people. Link to that walks also publicity that step by step moves from classical media to on-line formats. Aim of this thesis is chart possibilities of marketing and publicity on the internet and apply these pieces of knowledge practically on already running e-shop.