Text in English / Violent crime and more specifically armed robberies constitute a growing threat to shopping centres in terms of their vulnerability to such criminal acts. These violent crimes are becoming ever more organised and sophisticated. Shopping centres across South Africa have become the latest targets for these syndicates. Due to the increasing number of armed robberies and violent crimes at shopping centres and the nature of violence used in these attacks, it points to a need for improvements to be made to the security measures that are in place at shopping centres. This study explored the risks and vulnerabilities at shopping centres that have led to the phenomenon of armed robberies at shopping centres in Gauteng; evaluated the current physical protection systems that are in place at shopping centres in Gauteng in order to assist with the reduction of shopping centre armed robberies; and recommendations were made for the implementation of effective security risk control measures at shopping centre’s across South Africa and specifically the province of Gauteng. Self-administered questionnaire surveys were used to explore the phenomenon from the perspectives of both retail employees and customers. The data collected from the questionnaires, utilising the non-experimental research design, were quantitatively analysed. Based on the findings from the study recommendations for the improvement of shopping centre security were formulated along with recommendations for future research. / Security Risk Management / M.Tech. (Security Management)

The focus of this diploma thesis is the elaboration of project documentation for a construction. The construction is a department store with eight residential units - a multifunctional building. The proposed building has five floors, a basement with cellars for each apartment, parking spaces for visitors of the department store, and independent mechanical parking system for residents of the building. The first floor is comprised of technical room, bicycle shed, and also a pharmacy, bakery, and florist with separate entrances. The second floor serves as a cafe with a terrace and sanitary facilities. There is also a drugstore and a clothing store. The other three floors are used for accommodation, comprising of eight apartments in total. The fifth floor consists of one apartment and a terrace for all residents. The building is designed as a reinforced concrete skeletal structure with a monolithic ceiling and stair slabs. Ceramic blocks are used as infill masonry as well as internal masonry. The roof is designed as flat walkable with concrete paving or as non-walkable with gravel, which is graded according to the floor.

The topic of the Diploma thesis is a design of the New train station in Brno. The plot is located on the boundary of three city districts – Komárov, Štýřice and Trnitá. This area includes the railway structure for the new train station and also its public spaces, which are very close to the river Svratka. The railway structure is designed as bridge construction, that rises all platforms and rail tracks to 7,65 metres above the ground level. So all of the railways do not become a barrier in the city. The main concept extends a longitudinal axis of the city boulevard through the train station, which creates a high-rise building in the southern part of the plot. This axis is written not only to the layout but also to the roof design. The train station includes two underground levels, ground floor and first floor. Underground levels consist of P+R parking, deliveries only area, technical facilities and subway terminal. The ground floor is the main traffic centre. There is an entrance hall, shopping area, bus terminal and public corridors. The first floor includes platforms for train departures and arrivals. There are also public spaces in the entrance hall. The basic structural system consists of two parts. The first part is a massive reinforced concrete structure of the railway bridge deck and all underground levels. This structure is based on reinforced concrete foundation pads with drilled piles. The second part is a steel frame structure of the roof. That includes steel columns and truss girders for the structure of the lower area. The higher part of the roof is designed as a steel-truss bridge with the characteristic profile. The new train station supposes to create a new gate to the city of Brno, that connects contemporary districts with the historical city center.

The project deals with the reconstruction of selected parts of the former Ursuline convent and reconstruction of the monastery gardens and the adjacent area of a city block in the city center. Emphasis is placed on new functional use of the monastery premises and its gardens. The newly designed feature in the monastery are divided into three main parts - Halfway House, Coworking and Elementary Art School (artistically oriented). Opening the monastery gardens to the public enhances the attractiveness of the monastery. Below the garden is designed to underground parking, which minimizes the problem with parking in the city center.

Ce mémoire porte sur la dynamique de transformation des centres commerciaux dans la région de Montréal sous l’impulsion de la construction du Réseau express métropolitain (REM) et du prolongement de la ligne bleue de métro. Nous présentons d’abord les différentes phases de l’évolution des centres commerciaux, tant en Amérique du Nord que dans la région de Montréal. Nous élaborons ensuite la problématique de l’arrimage entre l’aménagement du territoire et la planification du transport sous la forme particulière du transit-oriented development (TOD). Les TOD permettent d’envisager le redéveloppement des centres commerciaux en pôles multifonctionnels accessibles en transport collectif. Notre travail de recherche tente de répondre à la question suivante : La construction prochaine des stations du REM et de la ligne bleue de métro incitera-t-elle les centres commerciaux à proximité à se transformer en TOD? Pour y répondre, nous développons un cadre méthodologique qui s’appuie sur deux stratégies de recherche principales. La première propose une analyse de contenu par le biais d’un inventaire des projets de transformation des centres commerciaux prévus, projetés ou discutés publiquement. Les projets sont décrits suivant des catégories de transformation associées aux TOD que sont le bâti, les usages, le design, l’expérience, le milieu de vie et l’accessibilité, et regroupés en six zones géographiques à Montréal, Laval et Longueuil. La deuxième stratégie vient compléter la première en procédant à une série d’entretiens semi-dirigés avec des acteurs privés et publics liés à des centres commerciaux. Cette stratégie permet de mieux comprendre la richesse de perspectives et les nuances de la dynamique de transformation à l’œuvre. Les résultats montrent que la moitié des projets de transformation sont reliés à des nouvelles infrastructures de transport collectif, dont une majorité avec le REM. De plus, ces projets affichent certaines caractéristiques associées aux TOD telles que la densité et la mixité des usages, tandis que peu de projets proposent des aménagements favorisant les déplacements actifs. Au total, l’étude met en évidence le lien entre la construction d’infrastructures de transport collectif structurantes et la densification des centres commerciaux, en particulier par l’ajout d’une fonction résidentielle. / This master’s thesis is concerned with the transformation’s dynamic of shopping malls in the Montreal region in relation with the construction of the Réseau express métropolitain (REM) and the extension of the Blue line of metro. We first review the different phases of evolution of shopping malls, both in North America and in the Montreal region. We then elaborate on the relationship between urban land management and transport planning, especially in the form of transit-oriented development (TOD). The TOD concept helps consider the redevelopment of shopping malls in multifunctional hub accessible in transit. This thesis tries two answer one main question, namely: Will the construction of the REM and the extension of the blue line of subway spur the redevelopment of shopping malls into TOD’s? To answer this question, we develop a methodological framework that relies on two complementary research strategy. The first one is a content analysis which takes the form of an inventory of shopping malls transformation projects anticipated, projected, or discussed publicly in Montreal, Laval and Longueuil. Projects are described using a few transformation categories (built form, functions, design, experience, living environment and accessibility), which are characteristics of TOD projects. The second strategy build on semi-structured interviews with private and public actors directly or indirectly linked to shopping malls. This strategy helps understand our subject’s complex dynamics by putting forward a rich array of perspectives. Our results shows that half of the projects identified are linked to the construction of a transit equipment, most of them being in proximity to a REM station. These projects have some characteristics commonly associated with TODs, like density and diversity of functions, while they seldom plan for active infrastructure. Our study shows a link between the construction of a structuring transit infrastructure and the densification of shopping malls, especially by adding a residential function.

The private security industry is tasked with protecting lives and property against an evolving array of personal and property threats. Rendering such services comes with many market related challenges for private security providers. These services are rendered to various types of clients like government departments, hospitals, universities and shopping malls amongst others. These clients have unique and different needs and expectations, therefore shopping malls as clients of the private security industry were selected for the purpose of this research. The qualitative research approach was used for this study wherein a questionnaire was used to obtain information from private security and shopping mall personnel working in shopping malls in Gauteng. The findings of this study reveals that there are indeed client retention challenges that are facing private security companies providing services to shopping malls. Based on the findings, recommendations for the private security providers and further research in shopping mall security management are made. / Security Risk Management / M.Tech. (Security Management)