There are many approaches taken by teachers in order to effectively teach students the information they will need to be successful. One of these approaches is that of brain-based instruction. No one single definition is the same as another when it comes to brain-based teaching and learning. Definitions may include incorporating music and movement into lessons, using techniques to reach both hemispheres of the brain, and differentiating instruction to teach to the needs of the individual students. This study takes a closer look at the perspective of teachers when it comes to what brain-based instruction strategies are. Teachers were given a survey to voice their opinions about brain-based instruction and how they incorporate it into their classrooms. This study gathered information about how teachers perceive and understand brain-based instruction. The use of brain-based instruction is quickly becoming vital to the education field. Understanding more about it will help teachers effectively teach students.

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Yes / Since the cessation of conflict in 2002, Sierra Leone has experienced extraordinary levels of involvement from Western donors. Paradoxically, while relationships are often portrayed on the ground as strong with significant donor influence, our research shows considerable fluidity in individual and institutional relationships. The article disaggregates donor-government relations at various levels over a short but crucial period, 2010-16, asking in each case who occupies the driving seat. In so doing, the article interrogates the concept of ‘extraversion’, investigating to what extent government - and indeed donors - has space in which to manoeuvre and how and why government and donors act as they do in this space. The period 2010-16 is of particular interest due to extreme iron ore price volatility and the Ebola epidemic of 2014–15. The article adds much-needed critique and empirical evidence to the debate on donor influence and ‘extraversion’.

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Birds are one of the best studied animal groups in the world but are also amongst the most endangered. The wealth of ecological information has shown habitat protection to be vital to bird biodiversity, but habitat loss and degradation continue to defeat conservationists. / Community-based biodiversity conservation efforts have been recently recognized as an important option for safeguarding ecosystems while reducing land use conflicts arising from the material, cultural and spiritual needs of local inhabitants. Community involvement is particularly critical for conservation in anthropogenic habitats. Few studies have linked the ecological impacts of community land use practices with the auto-ecological requirements of dependent bird species. In this study I examine the conservation possibilities for the endangered Sierra Madre sparrow (Xenospiza baileyi) by considering three basic elements: the ecological requirements of the bird, the effects of traditional land use practices in shaping the habitat, and the economic and social conditions that influence current and future land use decisions. I draw on ecological field studies, on traditional ecological knowledge systems, and studies of the political ecological context that influences local practices. / The studies were carried out from 2000-2003 and employed a combination of ethnographic, participative and spatial-ecological approaches to address human-land interactions and their impacts on the sparrow habitat. Social data were obtained through nine workshops which included site visits, transect walks, participatory mapping, oral histories and semi-structured interviews. Ecological data were obtained from landscape ecology analysis, vegetation post-disturbance assessments and detailed bird's nest-site selection analysis. / Results indicate that local people, principally herders, hold a rich knowledge of fire use to achieve diverse purposes, including pasture renewal, grassland maintenance and grass species selection, and prevention of dangerous fires. In order to accomplish their goals, herders have established rotational fire and grazing regimes that consider timing, frequency, location and extent of these disturbance-based practices. This rotational system was found to benefit the Sierra Madre sparrow by maintaining the grassland at the scales needed by the sparrow for nesting. Multiscale habitat recommendations for the species' conservation were derived from this socio-ecological interaction and dynamics. / Unfortunately, external conservation perspectives and interests and internal land tenure conflicts have altered this rotational regime and local perspectives on resource management that threaten the resilience of this social-ecological system. Consequently, traditional ecological knowledge on grassland management can be on risk of disappearing and, with it, important native grasses and grasslands are being made vulnerable. The survival of the Sierra Madre sparrow in particular and of associated biodiversity in general, is in peril if these conflicts are not solved in a relatively short time. A community-based fire co-management program is recommended to promote integrative bird conservation-local development scenarios.

Diss. Uppsala : Uppsala universitet, 2008.

El presente trabajo pretende investigar la realidad de la comuna de Sierra Gorda, ubicada en la II Región de Antofagasta, con el fin de generar una propuesta de ordenamiento de su territorio, de forma estratégica y en relación con la principal actividad económica que se allí desarrolla: la minería. Para esto es necesario identificar los distintos aspectos que componen la realidad comunal, además de situarla en el marco regional. El principal método utilizado es el denominado científico, caracterizado por un diseño principalmente no experimental, el cual se basa, sintetizando, en cuatro partes fundamentales. El primero es el planteamiento del problema, que se resume en las consecuencias de los diferentes aportes de la actividad minera en la comuna en la cual se emplaza. El segundo es el planteamiento metodológico, luego, la recolección y sintetización de la información, que se traducen en un diagnóstico y una matriz de análisis FODA (Fortalezas, Oportunidades, Debilidades y Amenazas), las cuales permiten generar estrategias de desarrollo. Por último, el análisis e interpretación de los resultados, que implica tácticas de trabajo que son enfrentadas con la capacidad de acogida del territorio, de esta forma es posible ubicar cada necesidad comunal en el espacio. Se concluye aquí que la principal forma de acercamiento entre comunidad y empresa minera debe basarse en el compromiso de la última por conocer las necesidades de la primera e intentar encontrar la fórmula de aportar con los beneficios obtenidos de su territorio a estas necesidades. Los resultados de la investigación se traducen en tres cartografías de zonificación de estrategias de desarrollo, una a nivel comunal y dos a nivel local, para cada localidad de la comuna que no se constituye como campamento minero.

This study of the rhetoric in the Sierra Club's Grand Canyon Campaign, 1963 to 1967 seeks to determine the decisive strategies in the success of the campaign. Criteria for examining the rhetoric are adapted from the fields of rhetoric and sociology. This analysis examines preconditions of this conservation campaign, its leaders, membership, strategies, and audience-speaker relationships, The campaign's turning point came when the club used public audiences to pressure Control into capitulating to Agitation's demands, Other factors in the campaign's success were the Sierra Club's purity of belief, suppression action by Control, and incomplete purity of belief in the leader of Control.