O contínuo crescimento em altura e a mudança de endereço dos arranha-céus contemporâneos foram os fatores que induziram o estudo realizado no presente trabalho. O objeto – o arranha-céu de escritórios – é investigado nas diversas perspectivas que determinaram sua execução. Os projetos dos grandes arranhacéus foram definidos por atributos relacionados aos componentes da Tríade Vitruviana, acrescidos do componente Lugar, do Quaterno Contemporâneo. O trabalho contempla o estudo dos atributos de utilitas. firmitas e venustas, naquilo que tem relação com o lugar e contexto, como razões objetivas da existência e perpetuação do arranha-céu. Aponta, posteriormente, para a existência de outros atributos, que justificam a execução do arranha-céu, ainda que os anteriores tenham sido negados. São as razões subjetivas da existência do arranha-céu, que permitem aproximá-los das propostas utópicas, pois prescindem de responder às reais funções do objeto. Estudos de caso foram analisados, revelando a transformação do arranha-céu e sua ressignificação. A produção e análise do material pesquisado contribuem para avaliar a perpetuação do arranha-céu na cidade contemporânea. / The continuous growth in height and the change of location of the contemporary skyscrapers were the factors that driven the study developed in the present work. The object – the office skyscraper – is investigated trough the diverse perspectives that determined its construction. The designs of the great skyscrapers were defined by attributes related to the components of the Vitruvian Triad, plus the Site component from the “Contemporary Quaternary.” The work includes the study of the attributes of utilitas, firmitas and venustas in what is related to the site and context as objective reasons for the existence and perpetuation of the skyscraper. It later points to the existence of other attributes which justify the construction of the skyscraper, even when the previous ones have been denied. The subjective reasons for the existence of skyscrapers are the ones that allow us to put them closer to utopian proposals, since they do not need to respond to the real functions of the object. Case studies were analyzed, revealing the transformation of the skyscraper and its re-signification. The production and analysis of the investigated material contribute with the evaluation of the perpetuation of the skyscraper in the contemporary city. / El continuo crecimiento en altura y la mudanza de dirección de los rascacielos contemporáneos fueron los factores que encauzaron el estudio realizado en el presente trabajo. El objeto – el rascacielos de oficinas – es investigado desde las diversas perspectivas que determinaron su ejecución. Los proyectos de los grandes rascacielos fueron definidos por atributos relacionados a los componentes de la Tríada vitruviana, más el componente Lugar, del “Cuaterno contemporáneo.” El trabajo contempla el estudio de los atributos de utilitas, firmitas y venustas en aquello que tiene relación con el lugar y contexto como razones objetivas de la existencia y perpetuación del rascacielos. Apunta, posteriormente, a la existencia de otros atributos que justifican la ejecución del rascacielos, aún cuando los anteriores hayan sido negados. Son las razones subjetivas de la existencia de los rascacielos, las que permiten acercarlos a las propuestas utópicas, pues prescinden de responder a las reales funciones del objeto. Los estudios de caso se analizaron, revelando la transformación del rascacielos y su resignificación. La producción y análisis del material investigado contribuyen con la evaluación de la perpetuación del rascacielos en la ciudad contemporánea.

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North-east of Braamfontein in Johannesburg lies what used to be an oppressive prison precinct which experienced almost a century of South Africa’s political history. Recently after the introduction of democracy it became a ‘beacon of hope’ what is more commonly known today as Constitution Hill. It hosts the highest court of our democratic nation, the Constitutional Court. A stone’s throw away, Hillbrow. It is a stigmatized neighbourhood plagued by crime and urban squatting and urban decay. This dissertation addresses the ongoing disparities within a continuum to achieve justice. It is assumed that by restoring this unwanted neighbourhood of Hillbrow, the light of Constitution Hill may enlighten this dark part of the city to become a part and productive a contributor to a just city. The Dispute Resolutions Centre will act as a mediator in resolving some of the injustices that face South Africa today, through the procedures of restorative justice. The intention of the project is to fulfill the virtue of justice within the area of the home of the constitution of our democracy. / Mini Dissertation MArch(Prof)--University of Pretoria, 2018. / WMS Architects / Architecture / MArch(Prof) / Unrestricted

This thirty-storey apartment tower in wood is an exploration of the potential of a prime building material grown by the sun. The building industry represents approximately one-third of greenhouse gas emissions worldwide. Since buildings are becoming more and more energy-efficient, the effects of the embodied energy in building structures become increasingly important. In this respect, wood structures embody a significantly lighter carbon footprint than steel and concrete and offer a viable approach for meeting the challenges of climate change. Typically the unique architectural qualities of wood have been reserved for low-rise typologies, but the performance characteristics of wood make it a competitive, eco-friendly alternative to steel and concrete in tall buildings. Wood in the form of mass timber panels is a durable and strong material. With increasing demand for housing in large sustainable buildings, wood should be an important structural material for the skylines of the future. / Det här trettio våningar höga typhuset i trä är en undersökning av potentialen för ett utmärkt byggmaterial som produceras av solen. Byggbranschen står för ungefär en tredjedel av världens utsläpp av växthusgaser. Eftersom dagens byggnader är alltmer energieffektiva blir effekterna av den inbyggda energin i byggnadskonstruktioner allt viktigare. I det sammanhanget ger träkonstruktioner upphov till betydligt lägre utsläpp av koldioxid än stål och betong och erbjuder därmed en framkomlig väg för att möta de utmaningar som klimatförändringen medför. Träets unika arkitektoniska kvalitéer har traditionellt varit hänvisade till låga byggnadstyper, men dess materialegenskaper gör det till ett konkurrenskraftigt och miljövänligt alternativ till stål och betong i höga hus. Trä i form av massivträskivor är ett hållbart och starkt material. Genom ökande efterfrågan på bostäder i stora hållbara byggnader torde trä bli ett viktigt konstruktionsmaterial för framtidens skylines.

The goal of this research is to compare performance of three analysis methods and three optimization methods for core-megacolumn-outrigger, or CMO skyscrapers. The three analysis methods include a 1D stick analysis, 2D frame analysis, and 3D finite element analysis. The three optimization methods include a trial and error optimization, optimality criteria optimization, and genetic algorithm. Each of these methods was compared by applying an example CMO skyscraper. The 1D stick analysis proved to be the most accurate when compared with the 3D finite element results. The genetic algorithm was recommended as the best optimization method in this research. The 1D stick method in this thesis introduces a new analysis involving an outrigger modification factor. The comparison of these optimization methods for skyscrapers has not been reported in the literature.

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Within the context of a site/place on which a skyscraper is developed, the role of the corporate plaza is usually limited to providing a base to glorify the unique form of the skyscraper (the office tower). In such case, the potential for a symbiotic relationship between the skyscraper and the plaza is not realized. In exploring the possibilities of a symbiotic relationship the first step was to research the skyscraper and its evolution. This analysis based on existing literature revealed the 'motive' behind the design and construction of skyscrapers and the reason for its strong physical image - "the corporations desire for an attention drawing device". This desire has resulted in the design of the skyscraper as an object in the urban landscape with a high degree of 'recognizability'. Although the skyscraper's character of recognizability plays an important role in the perception of the site, it fails to provide for the development of 'experiential meaning'. This experiential meaning which is a critical component for the environmental image of the site/place can be provided for in the plaza space. In order for the meaning, that is developed at the plaza, to be associated with the skyscraper, the skyscraper and the plaza should have a sense of continuity and appear as pats of a whole. To achieve this sense of continuity, the design of the plaza space needs to reflect/incorporate the elements that contribute to the strong physical image of the skyscraper as means of reinforcing the image of the skyscraper that is stored in the memory. The remainder of the thesis was to apply and test the above statement/idea in a design solution. the first step in that process was the analysis of existing plazas against the statement-case studies. the case studies reinforced a few aspects that needed to be addressed in the design of the plaza 1) reference to the imageable character can be made through the use of materials as much as shape and forms (and there might be other possibilities based on the character of the building) 2) The functional aspect of the plaza is critical for the successful use of the plaza, an assumption that supports this thesis. Once inferences were made from the case studies the next step was to decide on a site to redesign a plaza space- The PPG place in Pittsburgh. The PPG place, a complex of 6 buildings, exemplifies the postmodern movement and was designed by one of the chief proponents of the movement, Philip Johnson. The once stark and desolate plaza was refurbished recently with the addition of fountains around the obelisk in the center. A skating rink is operated in the plaza during the winter months. The design process was initiated by three layers of analysis 1) Analysis of the imageable qualities of the building 2) Analysis of the issues pertaining to the usability of the plaza 3) Analysis of the urban context These three layers of information provided a broad framework for the design of the plaza, from which the final design concept was distilled. the space that is thus designed facilitates a high degree of usability as well as a relationship to the imageability of the skyscraper, ensuring a holistic image for the site/place in which the skyscraper and plaza coexist in a mutualistic relationship. / Master of Landscape Architecture

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:22:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Carolina Cabral dos Santos.pdf: 51538368 bytes, checksum: e322e509ccd6637a8d91e63c82edc976 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-01-30 / With the density of large cities and the shortage of urban space, the right-rise buildings has become the rule rather than the exception; and this rule applies in hospitals increasingly frequent way. Considering the complexity of flows and the variety of processes that are routinely developed in a hospital, in what ways skyscraper buildings began to affect both the architectural design and the use management of these buildings? This dissertation aims to contribute to better understanding this issue through a referenced and comparative study on three significant cases of vertical hospitals, two in São Paulo and one in London. The cases were select from a large list of works studied, and given a set of objective criteria, defined by the survey. / Com o adensamento das grandes metrópoles e a escassez de espaço urbano, a verticalização edilícia passou a ser uma regra e não mais a exceção; esta regra aplica-se nos hospitais de maneira cada vez mais frequente. Considerando-se a complexidade dos fluxos e a variedade de processos que são cotidianamente desenvolvidos em um Hospital, de que maneiras essa verticalização passou a afetar tanto o projeto arquitetônico como a gestão de uso desses edifícios? Esta dissertação de mestrado se propõe a colaborar para melhor compreender essa questão por meio de um estudo referenciado e comparativo sobre três casos significativos de hospitais verticais, sendo dois em São Paulo e um em Londres. Os casos foram selecionados a partir de uma ampla listagem de obras estudadas, e atendendo um conjunto de critérios objetivos, definidos pela pesquisa.

The Thesis solves reconstruction and completion of the building of „CENTRUM“ Department Store in Brno. It is an unfinished skyscraper designed by Vladimír Karfík. The Thesis gives a proposal of the reconstruction of the building, extensions and annexes, new functional use (areas for sale and for rent, restaurant and hotel) and proposal for the peripheral jacketing solution. There was an aim to generate such a design, which would refer to the original building from thirtieth of the 20th century, which would follow up with the idea of a skyscraper located in the centre of Brno and whose functional utilization would suit to the current needs.