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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Toronto, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 230-245).

Validation of an adventure programme with cooperative elements in school P.E. lessons Summary of the thesis The thesis deals with validating an innovative motor program with adventure and cooperative elements at a Czech elementary school. The aims of the thesis was to observe possible changes under the influence of the programme in social acceptance of children in class, in their self-concept and the amount of physical activities in their leisure time. The study was a quasi-experiment, concretely a cross classification with repeated testing. It was realized in classes of 6th , 7th and 8th grade (12-14 year old boys) (N=154) in physical education lessons. The research was realized during 6 month, intervention time was 3 months and data were gained in three time intervals. We have used the Social acceptance questionnaire and Self-concept and quality of life questionnaire as main research methods. Results brought two statistically significant values, however, in practical significance they explain a small number of results. Values in the sub-scale Pupil-classmates relationship were statistically significant (p=0,031), which explained 3% of results, and values in the item Evaluation of satisfaction with factors effecting self-concept had the statistical significance p=0,002 explaining 6,5% of results. In the...

The problem of this study is to (1) determine the amount of peer acceptance existing among a group of delinquent girls committed to the Texas State Training School for Girls and (2) to determine the relationships between peer acceptance and some other variables.

Les Aires Marines Protégées (AMPs) sont communément reconnues comme des outils de gestion durable du milieu marin, principalement destinés à la conservation de la biodiversité. L’évaluation de leur efficacité et de leur performance constitue, aujourd’hui, un champ de recherche en pleine expansion qui répond à une demande locale des gestionnaires, comme à une nécessité plus globale de rapportage (reporting) auprès des décideurs et bailleurs de fonds. Jusqu’ici, la plupart des recherches utilisent un angle d’analyse strictement biologique, laissant de côté l’étude des impacts socio-économiques. La réussite des AMPs repose pourtant sur trois piliers d’importance égale : la durabilité écologique, la faisabilité économique et l’acceptation sociale. Cette thèse s’intéresse aux impacts sociaux des AMPs et à la nécessité d’imaginer des outils pertinents permettant aux gestionnaires d’évaluer et de suivre l’acceptation sociale. Plus précisément, elle a pour objectif d’élaborer une méthode standardisée de suivi des dynamiques sociales au sein des AMPs, qui permette la construction d’indicateurs utiles pour la gestion locale comme pour le rapportage. A partir du cas de la Réserve Naturelle Marine de La Réunion, une démarche géographique, basée sur le concept de Territoire, est mise en place pour caractériser et mesurer l’acceptation sociale. Elle passe par la réalisation d’un diagnostic socio-économique, permettant l’identification des enjeux territoriaux des usagers. Ces enjeux sont l’expression des valeurs que les individus accordent aux services que rendait le territoire avant qu’il ne soit protégé et également de la crainte de perdre ces services. L’acceptation sociale de l’AMP est ainsi fonction du degré de satisfaction des enjeux territoriaux des acteurs. Des indicateurs de suivi de cette satisfaction, principalement basés sur le recueil de perceptions, sont proposés pour estimer l’acceptation sociale. Dans un second temps, la question de la généricité de cette démarche est posée. Sa déclinaison au cas du Parc Marin de Mohéli (Comores) et, plus rapidement, à l’AMP de Velondriake (Madagascar), montre que la territorialité des acteurs est un facteur majeur dans la construction de l’acceptation sociale, quel que soit le contexte politique et socio-économique local. Il existe, en revanche, des facteurs contextuels qui entrent également en ligne de compte et qui rendent incomplète la généricité de l’approche territoriale. / Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) have been widely adopted as sustainable management tools for marine ecosystems, mainly dedicated to the conservation of biodiversity. There is growing interest in research projects designed to assess their effectiveness and performance, in response to local demands from managers, as well as to a more global need for reporting mechanisms for decision-makers and funders. Until now, scientists have tended to evaluate effectiveness from a strictly biological perspective, without studying the socio-economic impacts. However, the success of MPAs is driven by three criteria of equal importance: ecological sustainability, economic feasibility and social acceptance. This thesis addresses the social impacts of MPAs and focuses on the need to imagine relevant tools to help managers estimate and monitor social acceptance. It aims to develop a generic methodology to monitor social dynamics in MPAs, in order to build appropriate indicators for local management and for reporting purposes. From the case of the Natural Marine Reserve of Reunion Island (French overseas department in the Western Indian Ocean), a geographical approach based on the Territory concept is developed to qualify and monitor social acceptance. A socio-economic diagnostic is made, to identify the users' territorial stakes, i.e. the values that individuals assign to the services rendered by the territory before it was protected and also to the fear of losing them. Thus, the social acceptance of MPAs depends on the user' levels of satisfaction with respect to their territorial stakes. Indicators based on perceptions are proposed, to monitor thesesatisfaction levels and hence to estimate social acceptance. The second part addresses the issue of the genericity of this approach. It is applied to the cases of Mohéli Marine Park (Comoros) and, more briefly, Velondirake MPA (Madagascar). Results show that users’ territoriality is a key factor in understanding social acceptance, whatever the local political and socio-economic context. Nonetheless, as certain contextual factors must also be taken into account, the territorial approach is not entirely generic.

In 2015 a Written Ministerial Statement (WMS) expanded the Localism Act in England which effectively gave neighbourhoods the power to decide on onshore wind power development in their area. By doing so, the planning process for such development ‘went local’. Literature on the effects of ‘going local’ during the planning process for onshore wind power development is conflicting. On the one hand, the involvement of local communities can lead to a higher level of trust and hence a higher success rate of development processes. On the other hand, it appears that people are often reluctant to accept wind power develompent in their own area even though they are in favour of the technology in general.  This thesis explores the effects of ‘going local’, in the form of the WMS of 2015 in England, on onshore wind power development by investigating the local and neighbourhood plans, as well as the planning applications, in the administrative County of Cornwall with the help of qualitative document analysis and a thematic analysis framework provided by Braun & Clarke (2006).  The results show that currently 4 out of the 213 Parish and Town Councils in the ceremonial county of Cornwall truly comply with the WMS, which means that onshore wind power development will only be possible in these areas. The development in these and all the other neighbourhoods is limited to small-scale clusters of turbines. In addition to this, the results show that there are four over-arching aspects that play a role in the decision-making process of neighbourhoods: i) benefits for the neighbourhood, ii) negative impacts on the neighbourhood area, iii) socio-political attitude, and iv) conditions set by the neighbourhoods or local authorities.  The results show that, with the current planning policy framework in England, onshore wind power development will be limited to a significant extent in terms of size and possible locations. The conflicting literature on ‘going local’ reappears in the planning documents and a broad range of factors plays a role for all the neighbourhoods. The given weighting to the different factors is what determines a neighbourhood’s stance on onshore wind power development.

This study was designed to determine whether participation in an eight hour training program based on Adlerian theoretical principles would influence managerial attitudes. The effects of the training curriculum on three attitudinal dimensions were investigated: leadership style, acceptance of self and others and level of dogmatism. It was hypothesized that Adlerian training would increase the development of managerial human relations competence. Eighty-one managers participated in the study. The experimental group, comprised of 40 line managers, received eight hours of Adlerian training conducted in two one-half day sessions. The training was both didactic and experiential in content and contained modules on lifestyles/management styles, conflict resolution, effective communication strategies and understanding personality dynamics. The control group, comprised of 41 managers, did not receive training but participated in the pre-testing and post-testing process. Managers completed The Leadership Opinion Questionnaire, The Acceptance of Self and Others Questionnaire, and The Rokeach Dogmatism Scale, prior to the first training session and again two weeks after the final training session. A one-way analysis of covariance revealed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups on both the Consideration and Structure dimensions of the Leadership Opinion Questionnaire. This suggests that managers in the experimental group demonstrated a more participative and less authoritarian management style two weeks after training was completed. No significant differences were found between the two groups on managers' level of dogmatism or acceptance of self and others.

The necessity of increasing the generation of renewable energy is extensively recognized, however its expansion requires social and political acceptance. Wind power is seen as a promising and vital source of energy, and with new technology, it is expected to grow significantly. However, empirical experience indicates that the number of decisions to apporve wind power applications has declined, and resistance is expected to be the cause. The aim of this research study is to analyze and evaluate to what extent economic compensation or economic incentives could influence social acceptance of wind power in Sweden through the lens of the theoretical framework of energy justice. The study uses a mixed method approach while examining the principles of distributional and procedural justice. The quantitative method using surveys and a qualitative method using semi-structured interviews provided the base for the outcomes. The results demonstrate that communities often resist wind power projects, and compensation is likley to influence acceptance of wind power and is thus seen as vastly important and a requirement for future development. The injustice of current compensation systems and low involvement in the decision-making process among local residents are further considered issues for the development of wind power. This further indicates attention to energy justice using distributional and procedural justice as a framework to integarte wind power into a social context to avoid unfairness between the burden and benefits of those affected by wind power.

Mainstream accounts of CRSV argue that its victims inevitably face social exclusion by their communities once the fighting is over. However, empirical evidence suggests that some ethnic groups show support towards survivors – specifically, women – thus not bounding the latter to the stigma brought about by sexual abuse. This study seeks to investigate the conditions underlying social acceptance of female survivors so to explain why some societies seem to reject them while others reintegrate them back. By employing a socio-psychological perspective on the importance of social identity’s continuity after trauma, I argue that survivors are more likely to experience acceptance when their ethnic group exhibit high levels of identity resilience, previously targeted through the strategic use of CRSV. This is argued to be due to the capacity of the group to maintain a sense of unity and worth after war, which in turn influences perceptions of the victims, no longer seen as “walking shames” but as “survivors”. Using a structured focused comparison, the hypothesis is tested by analysing individual narratives of Bosniaks and Tutsis. Ultimately, this study finds that group identity resilience might be an important factor when accounting for social acceptance, and rejection, of survivors.

Validation of an adventure programme with cooperative elements in school P.E. lessons Summary of the thesis The thesis deals with validating an innovative motor program with adventure and cooperative elements at a Czech elementary school. The aims of the thesis was to observe possible changes under the influence of the programme in social acceptance of children in class, in their self-concept and the amount of physical activities in their leisure time. The study was a quasi-experiment, concretely a cross classification with repeated testing. It was realized in classes of 6th , 7th and 8th grade (12-14 year old boys) (N=154) in physical education lessons. The research was realized during 6 month, intervention time was 3 months and data were gained in three time intervals. We have used the Social acceptance questionnaire and Self-concept and quality of life questionnaire as main research methods. Results brought two statistically significant values, however, in practical significance they explain a small number of results. Values in the sub-scale Pupil-classmates relationship were statistically significant (p=0,031), which explained 3% of results, and values in the item Evaluation of satisfaction with factors effecting self-concept had the statistical significance p=0,002 explaining 6,5% of results. In the...