The main objektive of my thesis is a knowledge of social environment of prague district Karlín, one of the most dynamic part of inner Prague, which is undergoing a transformation of a physical, funcional and social structure. The concept of social environment is used in this work, whereby the social environment is consisted of a social structure and a social climate of a locality. By an analyse of the social, physical and funcional structure and a research of daily rhythms it tries to identify main pacemakers, to deeply learn about proceses and key moments during the day, which structurated the locality, and to capture social groups of users of the locality. The research is focused on three selected basic administrative units: 'Karlín - západ', 'Rohanský ostrov' and 'Za Invalidovnou'. Each of these localities has its own daily rhythm, which is structurated by the resident population and the temporarily present population,and different social environments, which influence each other, are dependent on each other and create the whole character of the prague district Karlín.The work tries to deepen and criticaly evaluate a current metodology. Keywords Karlín, Prague, social environment, social climate, social structure, daily rhythm, pacemaker, locality, mobility, time geography.

Objetivo general: determinar si existe relación entre el estrés cotidiano infantil y el clima social escolar en estudiantes de cuarto y quinto grado de primaria de un colegio privado de Lima Metropolitana. Objetivo específico: comparar ambas variables según sexo. Método: La muestra estuvo conformada por 127 niños entre 8 y 12 años de edad (M=10.15; DE = 0.79), el 59.1% son mujeres y el 40.9% son varones. Se aplicó la Escala de Estrés Cotidiano Infantil (Flores, 2017) y el Cuestionario para Evaluar el Clima Social del Centro Escolar (Trianes, Blanca, De la Morena, Infante & Raya, 2006), se evidenció adecuada validez y confiabilidad para los puntajes de ambas pruebas. Resultados: Se establece relación inversa débil, con un tamaño del efecto mínimo, entre el estrés cotidiano infantil y el clima social escolar en ambas dimensiones (referente al centro y al profesorado). Además, se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en ambas dimensiones del clima social escolar según sexo, siendo las mujeres quienes presentan puntajes más elevados. Conclusiones: Existe correlación negativa entre el clima social escolar y el estrés cotidiano infantil y diferencias en clima social escolar cuanto a género. / The main objective of this research is to establish the relationship between daily childhood stress and school social climate among fourth and fifth grade students from a private school in Lima. As a specific objective, comparisons in both variables according to gender were established. Method: The sample consisted of 127 children between the ages of 8 and 12 (M=10.15; SD = 0.78); 59.1% of them female and 40.9% male. The Everyday Stress Scale for Children (Flores, 2017) and the Questionnaire for Evaluating the Social Climate of the School (Trianes, Blanca, De la Morena, Infante & Raya, 2006) were applied, adequate validity and reliability were evidenced for the scores of both instruments. Results: A weak inverse relationship is established, with a minimum effect size, between children's daily stress and the school social climate in both dimensions (referring to the center and the teachers). In addition, statistically significant differences were found in both dimensions of the school social climate according to sex, with women having the highest scores. Conclusions: There is a negative correlation between the school social climate and children's daily stress and differences in the school social climate in terms of gender. / Tesis

Les programmes de traitement visant à réduire le risque de récidive des individus ayant commis une agression sexuelle envers un enfant (ASE) figurent parmi les interventions les plus efficaces pour remédier à cet enjeu. À ce jour, peu d’études se sont intéressées à l’impact de facteurs liés à la réceptivité du détenu sur l’achèvement d’un traitement, telles que la motivation au changement et l’alliance thérapeutique (AT), ou comment se forment ces deux processus. L’objectif de cette étude était d’investiguer l’impact de l’historique criminel, des distorsions cognitives et du climat social sur la motivation et l’AT, puis de valider le rôle prédicteur de ces derniers sur l’achèvement à un programme. Pour ce faire, 223 hommes ayant participé à un programme de traitement au Québec à la suite d’une ASE ont été sélectionnés à partir d’une base de données. Les résultats découlant d’une analyse de régression logistique démontrent que ni la motivation ni l’AT n’ont prédit l’achèvement de programme adéquatement. Cependant, des analyses de régressions multiples indiquent que les participants affichant moins de distorsions cognitives et percevant leur climat social plus positivement étaient à un stade plus avancé de la motivation et avaient une meilleure alliance avec leur thérapeute. Les participants plus motivés ont également rapporté entretenir une meilleure AT avec leur thérapeute un mois après le début du traitement. Cette étude fournit de nouvelles connaissances sur deux facteurs importants de la réceptivité et souligne l’importance d’un environnement sécurisant pour le détenu afin de permettre une meilleure motivation et AT. / Offending behavior treatments aiming to reduce the risk of reoffending in individuals who committed child sexual abuse (CSA) are among the most effective interventions to tackle this public safety issue. To this date, little attention has been drawn to inmate responsivity factors that can foster positive treatment outcomes such as motivation to change and therapeutic alliance (TA), and what may shape these factors. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of criminal history, cognitive distortions, and social climate on motivation to change and TA, and to validate whether these latter predict treatment outcomes. To do so, 223 incarcerated men who committed CSA and took part in a treatment program in Quebec, Canada, were identified from a database created from 2003 to 2008. Logistic regression analysis indicated that neither motivation nor TA predicted treatment outcome accurately. However, multiple linear regressions revealed that participants with fewer cognitive distortions who perceived social climate more positively were more motivated to change and had a better alliance with their therapist. Participants with higher motivation also maintained better TA one month after treatment. This study provides new knowledge on two responsivity factors and highlights the importance of promoting a safe environment for the inmates to enhance motivation and form a strong TA.

Contexte : La pertinence du soutien social provenant de l’intérieur a été démontrée pour tous types de populations contraintes à une forme d’hébergement sécurisé. La théorie du soutien social de Francis Cullen, qui prône le soutien social comme outil majeur de réinsertion des personnes contrevenantes, n’aborde pourtant pas l’utilité du soutien social dans ce type de milieu spécifiquement, alors que les caractéristiques distinctives de ces milieux laissent croire que les enjeux relationnels pourraient s’y exprimer différemment qu’en contexte extérieur. Objectif : L’objectif de cette thèse est de démontrer comment les dynamiques émergeant des relations de confiance entre adolescents judiciarisés et placés sous garde en Centre de réadaptation permettent de mettre en perspective la théorie du soutien social proposée par Francis Cullen. D’après les éléments recueillis dans la littérature, trois hypothèses sont dégagées : 1. Les liens de confiance que les jeunes entretiennent au Centre de réadaptation sont plus fragiles qu’en contexte ouvert; 2. Les forces sociales qui structurent habituellement les dynamiques relationnelles de confiance sont différentes de celles observées en contexte ouvert; 3. La fragilité des liens de confiance pour les jeunes investis dans les réseaux de confiance remet en question l’un des mécanismes proposés par la théorie du soutien social de Francis Cullen, selon lequel le soutien entre pairs criminalisés risque de renforcer leurs attitudes criminelles. Méthodologie : L’échantillon est composé de 36 adolescents placés dans deux unités du Centre Cité-des-Prairies et interrogés à six reprises. La méthodologie se fonde sur l’analyse de réseaux avec des méthodes centrées sur les individus (tests QAP) et des méthodes centrées sur la structuration de l’ensemble des liens (modèles ERGM et SAOM). Résultats : Les premières analyses démontrent la variabilité des liens de confiance dans le temps, le faible taux de réciprocité des liens entretenus et la prépondérance des erreurs de perception relationnelles. Les secondes analyses attestent de la participation des biais relationnels et d’une tendance à la réciprocité dans le façonnement structurel du réseau, même lorsque les modélisations contrôlent de potentiels effets de sélection, bien que ces liens soient contraints par une force de densité négative, densité négative qui permet également de comprendre la transformation des réseaux sur trente jours. Le dernier chapitre d’analyses argumente que la popularité des adolescents n’affecte pas leur expérience quotidienne mais peut s’avérer bénéfique pour leurs perceptions individuelles. Une plus forte activité dans les réseaux de confiance s’accorde en parallèle avec une meilleure perception du climat social et plus d’optimisme des adolescents quant à l’atteinte d’objectifs favorisant leur réinsertion sociale. Ces relations significatives sont davantage observées de façon simultanée que différée. Conclusions : Sur le plan théorique, la nature de la confiance est remise en perspective par la nature du milieu. Le mécanisme décrit par Cullen est donc revu dans le cadre du milieu restrictif de liberté. Sur le plan empirique, l’observation d’un échantillon si riche dans un milieu par ailleurs difficile d’accès amène à soulever des implications innovantes pour l’atteinte des objectifs du milieu, laissant croire que la confiance entretenue entre les jeunes n’a finalement pas forcément lieu d’être découragée. / Context: The relevance of social support from within has been demonstrated for all types of populations who are confined in some form of secure housing. Francis Cullen's theory of social support, which advocates social support as a major tool for the reintegration of offenders, does not address the utility of social support in this type of setting specifically, even though the distinctive characteristics of these settings suggest that relational issues may be expressed differently than in an external context. Objective: This thesis aims at demonstrating how the dynamics emerging from trust relationships between adolescents placed in custody in a juvenile rehabilitation center allow us to put into perspective the theory of social support proposed by Francis Cullen. Based on the evidence gathered in the literature, three hypotheses are identified: 1. Trust relationships that youths maintain in the rehabilitation center are more fragile than in open settings; 2. The social forces that usually structure the relational dynamics of trust are different from those observed in open settings; 3. The fragility of trust relationships for adolescents invested in those networks questions one of the mechanisms proposed by Francis Cullen's social support theory, according to which support among criminalized peers risks reinforcing their criminal attitudes. Methodology: The sample consisted of 36 adolescents placed in two units of the Cité-des-Prairies Centre in Montreal (Quebec) and interviewed on six occasions. The methodology is based on network analysis with methods focused on individuals (QAP tests) and methods focused on the structuring of networks (ERGM and SAOM models). Results: The first analyses demonstrate the variability of trust links over time, the low rate of reciprocity of the links maintained and the preponderance of relational misperceptions. The second analyses attest to the participation of relational biases and a tendency towards reciprocity in the structural shaping of the network, even when controlling for potential selection effects, although these ties stay constrained by a negative density force, that also allows us to understand the transformation of the networks over thirty days. The final chapter of analyses argues that adolescents' popularity does not affect their daily experience but could be beneficial to meliorate some of their individual perceptions. Higher activity in trust networks parallels better perceptions of the social climate and more optimism among adolescents about achieving goals that promote their reintegration into society. These significant relationships are more likely to be observed simultaneously than over time. Conclusions: Theoretically, the nature of trust is put into perspective by the nature of the environment. The mechanism described by Cullen is thus reviewed in the context of this restrictive context. Empirically, the observation of such a rich sample in a difficult-to-access setting raises innovative implications for the achievement of Cité-des-Prairies Centre’s goals, ultimately suggesting that trust fostered among youngsters doesn’t necessarily need to be discouraged.

Master's thesis "the climate of the school class" is divided into two parts - theoretical and empirical. Theoretical part deals with subject matter definition of school climate and subsequent analysis and characteristics of related areas. This is mainly an analysis of social class and school climate, mapping factors that contribute to the climate change. Conduction of the mechanisms involved in the formation of school climate closer to analysing in particular iterms of the actors, teachers and pupils. Furthermore, in this part of the work I explore the definition and description of approaches for investigating social climate with a brief analysis of the specific diagnostic methods. Part of the work is also a framework defining the results of current research activities of domestic and foreign research in the above mentioned area. Empirical part focuses on diagnosis of classrooms'climate at selected high schools in the region. Research is focused on mapping the climate changes with an emphasis on quantitative study through selected diagnostical methods. The aim of this part is to find out how the climate of the class differs at secondary technical schools and secondary vocational schools. Conclusion of the theoretical part is dedicated to the importance of the class climate, together with the...

The aim of this work is to gather relevant information about interpersonal relationships in the teaching staff of selected secondary schools and to show how they are perceived, understood, experienced and reflected by their participants. The result of this work is to propose principles and recommendations leading to the optimization of relationships between teachers. This work, in the terms of qualitative research, used the design of case study. Research techniques are semistructured interview and participant observation. Through them, information was gathered on relationships between teachers, teachers and school management and teachers and other people, with whom they come into contact within the scope of their profession. These relationships were then qualitatively analyzed based on open coding, categorization, typology, contrasting, generalization and validation of communication. The result of the investigation was that six schools out of four have the interpersonal relationships on a good level, educators are happy at work and their good mood and feelings are transmitted to the whole school climate. That creates the conditions for excitable work with good results both in the work of teachers as well as pupils. On one school the relationships between teachers and school management and the...