The topic of this thesis is ``Music therapy in Karlovy Vary Region{\crqq}. As the topic itself says, this work concentrates on music therapy as a valuable form of psychotherapy. A theoretical part of this thesis contains description of the history of music therapy and treatment by means of music. Apart from that, the theoretical part deals with an impact of music on people. It is also focused on positive and negative impact of music and sounds. The author describes various kinds and forms of music therapy. In the introductory part of this work the author concentrates on the area of music therapy and then he concerns with the common use of music therapy, including its division into particular target groups affected by music. The end of theoretical part concerns with methods and techniques in music therapy, where some of which were also used practically, as was finally proved by rersearch. The author oriented his research towards the use of music therapy in the Karlovy Vary Region, as it is claimed in the name of this thesis. The aim of this thesis is to find out whether the addressed instutitions of social services have encountered music therapy, and in what extent is music therapy carried out in the Karlovy Vary Region. In addition to research the author led music therapy meetings with seniors in České Budějovice, and Karlovy Vary. Techniques and experiences from this practice are described in the part of results and they are backed up with photo-documentation.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:08:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_paula_cristina.pdf: 2325010 bytes, checksum: 624c0588db2e1486499309d0bb39d579 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-05-07 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The street boys are related to a complex reality of social exclusion to which thousands of children and adolescents are submited. This reality, perpassed and constitued by social, economicals, politics, cultural and historical factors, has a tendency to occult what exists as singular in the history, in the suffering, in the families dynamics, in the lives of subjects that, in front of experienced conflicts and also considering the role of dejection in the social context, adopt the same exit in order to the existence be possible (CAMPOLINA, 2001): the street. Children and adolescents, thus, left in a way that reveal to them the most rude and real face of the exclusion, of the abandonment, of the poverty, of the violence which has a tendency to reproduce in the circulation among different spaces the house in the street, the institutions but also trying to find a possible way of addressing that recognize them as subjects. If this search always exists, or if they are searching. This research was developed in this way, based in an experience at one institution that takes care of children and adolescents in street s situation. Vinculated to the research project of Frej (2007), Limits, barriers and addressment among mother and child , this research had as objective understand the demand addressed by children and adolescents in street s situation to the institution. The continuous transgression, the destructiveness in the relationship with the institution, furthermore, the expressions as Make me blurred anymore , You are a search-trash , make possible suppositions about appeal, demands addressed to the institution. The psychoanalitic theory, fundamentally the formulations of Freud and Lacan, as well as Bergès e Balbo, brought important constributions to understand the demand, the appeal, the addressment, the play of positions between the subject and the Other. The research analysed data from the registers of the institution with the major purpose to contextualize the public and consider especificities in the attendance. Moreover, discussed three clinical cases, with the objective to, in the passage of the adolescents in the institution, articulate questions concernents to the demand that they have addressed. From the discussions made, we suggested that the institution as a space of addressment ( treasure of significants ) which, making a hypotheses of an appeal to the shouts of help of children and adolescents in street s situation, constitue itself as a place that receive, interdict, nominate, delimitate, and symbolize beyond of the real of the street. A place that when register the subject in the language domain thus, in another position -, institute the bet and the possibility that, in the appeal Make me blurred anymore see indistinctly the building and the addressment of demands to the institution. Key-words: Children and adolescents in street s situation, appeal, demand, institution, addressment / Os meninos de rua apontam para uma complexa trama de exclusão social a que estão submetidos milhares de crianças e de adolescentes. Uma realidade que, perpassada e constituída por fatores sociais, econômicos, políticos, culturais e históricos, tendem a ocultar o que há de singular na história, no sofrimento, nas dinâmicas familiares, nas trajetórias de sujeitos que, face aos conflitos vivenciados e ao lugar de dejeto que ocupam no meio social, adotam a mesma saída para poderem existir (CAMPOLINA, 2001): a rua. Crianças e adolescentes, portanto, relegados a um lugar que lhes revela a faceta mais crua e real da exclusão, do abandono, da miséria, da violência que tende a ser reproduzida na circulação pelos vários espaços a casa, a rua, as instituições em busca de um lugar possível de endereçamento que os inscreva enquanto sujeitos. Nesse sentido é que esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida, a partir da experiência numa instituição que atende crianças e adolescentes em situação de rua. Vinculada ao projeto de pesquisa de Frej (2007), intitulado Limites, fronteiras e endereçamentos entre mãe e criança , este estudo teve como objetivo compreender a demanda endereçada por crianças e adolescentes em situação de rua à instituição. As contínuas transgressões, a destrutividade na relação com a instituição, além de expressões como Vê se me desimbaça , Você é uma cata-lixo , fazem supor manifestações de apelo, demandas endereçadas à instituição. A teoria psicanalítica, sobretudo as formulações de Freud e Lacan, bem como de Bergès e Balbo, trouxe contribuições importantes no que concerne à demanda, ao apelo, ao endereçamento, ao jogo de posições entre o sujeito e o Outro. A pesquisa utilizou-se de dados colhidos nos registros da instituição para contextualizar o público e apontar especificidades do atendimento. Além disso, apresentou três casos clínicos, com o objetivo de, no percurso dos adolescentes na instituição, articular questões concernentes à demanda por eles endereçada. A partir das discussões feitas, apontamos a instituição como um lugar de endereçamento ( tesouro de significantes ) que, ao fazer a hipótese de um apelo nos gritos de socorro de crianças e adolescentes em situação de rua, constitui-se enquanto lugar que acolhe, interdita, nomeia, delimita e simboliza para além do real da rua. Um lugar que, ao inscrever o sujeito no campo da palavra portanto, numa outra posição , institui a aposta e a possibilidade de, no apelo Vê se me desimbaça , entrever a construção e o endereçamento de demandas à instituição

The Swedish citizens' trust towards politics is decreasing. This examination's purpose is to investigate the citizens' trust towards the Swedish parliament, government and social institutions in the two Swedish suburbs Skarpnäck and Bromma. This is being studied through Robert D Putnam's theory of social capital and how social capital is affecting people's trust towards each other and Swedish politics. This is being researched based on these questions: “How does the trust look towards the parliament, government and social institutions in Skarpnäck and Bromma'' and the subquestion “What possible explanations are there for the difference in trust between Skarpnäck and Bromma.” The second question is “How does Putnam's definition of Social capital differ between Skarpnäck and Bromma” and the subquestion “Is a bigger social capital the explanation for a higher trust in the two studied areas?”. Data for this research has been collected through the triangulation method thus with a method of quantity and a method of quality. The method of quantity is executed through two surveys and the method of quality is executed with semi- structured interviews. The study shows a result of a difference in trust between the two suburbs where the citizens of Bromma have a higher level of trust towards the parliament and social institutions. The citizens of Skarpnäck have a higher level of trust towards the government. This study displays the fact that Robert D. Putnam's definition of social capital regarding network and norm can not be used to explain the difference in trust. Instead this research shows that the political standing point regarding what party you vote for, political knowledge and political interest is a bigger contributing factor with reference to trust towards politics and social institutions.

Depuis la décentralisation, les prérogatives départementales en matière d’adoption n’ont fait que se renforcer. Cette collectivité territoriale intervient à tous les niveaux de l’adoption, que ce soit du côté de la famille biologique de l’enfant, des familles adoptives, ou encore des enfants adoptables ou adoptés. Le Département est ainsi devenu un acteur incontournable de l’adoption. En raison des nouvelles problématiques liées à la spécificité de la filiation adoptive, ce rôle est encore appelé à se développer. Si, à l’occasion de certaines des attributions qui lui sont confiées, le Département a lapossibilité de jouer pleinement son rôle, il semble qu’à l’inverse d’autres fonctions aient perdu de leur importance en raison des pouvoirs auxquels la collectivité départementale est confrontée. La présente étude a pour objet de préciser le véritable rôle du Département dans l’adoption, que son intervention se situe dans le processus adoptif ou auprès des enfants adoptables ou adoptés. / Since decentralisation, departmental prerogatives with regard to adoption have been reinforced. This local authority intervenes at all levels of the adoption process, be it from the side of the biological parents, adoptive families, or adoptable or adopted children. In this way the department became a key player in adoption. Due to emerging issues connected to thespecifics of adoptive filiations, this role is to grow and expand.If, with some of the duties assigned to it, the Department has had the opportunity to play its full role, it seems that the reverse has happened with some other of its functions having losttheir importance due to the powers which the departmental community faces. The present study was to clarify the true role of the Department in adoption, whether its intervention lies in the adoption process or around adoptable or adopted children

The development of human societies rests on functioning ecosystems. This thesis builds on integrated theories of linked social-ecological systems and complex adaptive systems to increase the understanding of how to strengthen the capacity of ecosystems to generate services that sustain human well-being. In this work, I analyze such capacity in human-dominated production ecosystems in Tanzania and Madagascar, and how this capacity is related to local management practices. Resilience of social-ecological systems refers to the capacity to buffer change, to re-organize following disruption, and for adaptation and learning. In Papers I and II, qualitative interview methods are used for mapping and analyses of management practices in the agroecosystem of the Mbulu highlands, Northern Tanzania. Practices such as soil and water conservation, maintenance of habitats for pollinators and predators of pests, intercropping, and landscape diversification, act to buffer food production in a variable environment and sustain underlying ecological processes. The practices are embedded in a decentralized but nested system of institutions, such as communal land rights and social networks, that can buffer for localized disturbances such as temporary droughts. Paper II compares these findings with practices in a farming system in Sweden, and suggests that similar mechanisms for dealing with uncertainty and change can exist in spite of different biophysical conditions. In Papers III and IV, interviews are combined with GIS tools and vegetation sampling to study characteristics and dynamics of the dry forests of Androy, southern Madagascar. Paper III reports on a previously underestimated capacity of the dry forest of southern Madagascar to regenerate, showing areas of regeneration roughly equal areas of degenerated forest (18 700 ha). The pattern of forest regeneration, degradation, and stable cover during the period 1986-2000 was related to the enforcement of customary property rights (Paper III). Paper IV reports on a network of locally protected forest patches in Androy that is embedded in a landscape managed for agricultural or livestock production and contributes to the generation of ecosystem services and ecosystem resilience at a landscape scale. Forest protection is secured by local taboos that provide a well-functioning and legitimate sanctioning system related to religious beliefs. In Paper V, two spatial modeling tools are used to assess the generation of two services, crop pollination and seed dispersal, by the protected forest patches in southern Androy. The functioning of these services is dependent on the spatial configuration of protected patches in the fragmented landscape and can be highly vulnerable to even small changes in landscape forest cover. In conclusion, many of the identified practices are found to make ecological sense in the context of complex systems and contribute to the resilience of social-ecological systems. The thesis illustrates that the capacity of human-dominated production ecosystems to sustain a flow of desired ecosystem services is strongly associated with local management practices and the governance system that they are embedded in, and that, contrary to what is often assumed, local management can and does add resilience for desired ecosystem services. These findings have substantial policy implications, as insufficient recognition of the dynamics of social-ecological interactions is likely to lead to failure of schemes for human development and biodiversity conservation.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / A theoretical understanding of stratification and inequality is necessary to understand social phenomena in general. Unfortunately, professional sociology in the United States has historically promoted a limited theoretical understanding of stratification that tends to ignore economic realities, social structures, institutional mechanisms, power relations, and other important factors such as racial discrimination in reproducing social class. In fact, mainstream sociology has replaced class-based theories altogether with the concept of socio-economic status (SES) and, at the same time, all too often embraces problematic theories that justify inequality. This critical literature review of social class in American sociology attempts to: 1) provide a more comprehensive history of sociological theory in the United States regarding stratification and social class, 2) expose the sociological factors affecting these social theories and concepts, and 3) deconstruct and critique mainstream social theories that offer weak explanations of stratification.

The purpose of this thesis is to examine the experiences of South African women prior to, during and after incarceration. The theoretical bases for this study include the general strain theory (GST), feminist pathways approach and Goffman’s “total institutions”. The study made use of a qualitative research design. In-depth interviews were conducted with a total of twenty female ex-prisoners, who were selected using snowball sampling, to obtain information about their experiences during the periods indicated. The findings of the study indicated that, in respect of the three periods mentioned, the participants cited their experiences during incarceration as the most prominent as they tended to dwell more on this phase of their lives than any other phase. This is, in fact, not surprising as their narratives portrayed their lives behind bars as having been traumatic with far-reaching consequences for their lives after their incarceration. The study found that some of the participants had histories of emotional and physical abuse before their offending behaviours. It emerged that consensual same-sex sexual relationships between females in South African prisons exist and that these relationships are, sometimes, accepted by the family members of the female inmates. The participants reported that coercive sexual relationships also take place in female prisons in South Africa. It was also reported that the conditions under which females are incarcerated are, for the most part, deplorable. It emerged that the female prisoners use a unique monetary system which is based mainly on the trade by barter system. In addition, the findings revealed that female inmates often experience daunting challenges upon their release from prison, including high rates of unemployment, stigma and discrimination, family breakdown and the psychological effects of imprisonment, all of which often compound the resolve of some of the participants to live crime-free lives. / Sociology / D.Litt. et Phil. (Sociology)

The purpose of this thesis is to examine the experiences of South African women prior to, during and after incarceration. The theoretical bases for this study include the general strain theory (GST), feminist pathways approach and Goffman’s “total institutions”. The study made use of a qualitative research design. In-depth interviews were conducted with a total of twenty female ex-prisoners, who were selected using snowball sampling, to obtain information about their experiences during the periods indicated. The findings of the study indicated that, in respect of the three periods mentioned, the participants cited their experiences during incarceration as the most prominent as they tended to dwell more on this phase of their lives than any other phase. This is, in fact, not surprising as their narratives portrayed their lives behind bars as having been traumatic with far-reaching consequences for their lives after their incarceration. The study found that some of the participants had histories of emotional and physical abuse before their offending behaviours. It emerged that consensual same-sex sexual relationships between females in South African prisons exist and that these relationships are, sometimes, accepted by the family members of the female inmates. The participants reported that coercive sexual relationships also take place in female prisons in South Africa. It was also reported that the conditions under which females are incarcerated are, for the most part, deplorable. It emerged that the female prisoners use a unique monetary system which is based mainly on the trade by barter system. In addition, the findings revealed that female inmates often experience daunting challenges upon their release from prison, including high rates of unemployment, stigma and discrimination, family breakdown and the psychological effects of imprisonment, all of which often compound the resolve of some of the participants to live crime-free lives. / Sociology / D. Litt. et Phil. (Sociology)

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Linking the new institutionalism to entrepreneurial orientation (EO), my dissertation investigates institutional forces and entrepreneurial forces—two contradicting types of forces—as main effects and moderating effects upon practices and performance of organizations embedded in the institutional duality. The case chosen observes unique hybrid funders that this study collectively calls social investment funders (SIF), which integrate philanthropy and venture capital investment to create and implement a venture philanthropy model for a pursuit of their mission. A theoretical framework is developed to propose regulative and normative pressures from two dominant institutions governing SIFs. Original data collected from 146 organizations are scrutinized by moderated multiple regressions for two empirical studies: Study 1 for effects on SIFs’ venture philanthropy practices, and Study 2 for effects on SIFs’ social and financial performance. Multiple imputations, diagnostic analyses, and several post hoc analyses are also conducted for robustness of data and results from multiple regression analyses. Results from these analyses find that EO and venture capital institutional forces both enhance SIFs’ venture philanthropy practices. A hypothesis postulated for a negative relationship between the nonprofit status and venture philanthropy practices is also supported. Results from moderated regression analyses, along with a subgroup and EO subdimension analyses, confirm a moderating effect between EO and the nonprofit status, i.e., a regulative institutional pressure. A positive relationship is found in EO- financial performance, but not in EO-social performance. While support is lent to hypotheses posited for a social/financial performance relationship with donors’/investors’ demand for social outcomes, and with the management team’s training in business, the overall results remain mixed for Study 2. Nonetheless, this dissertation appears to be the first study to theorize and test EO as a micro-level condition enabling organizations to strategically shape and resist institutional pressures, and it reinforces that organizations’ behavior is not merely a product of their passive conformity to environmental forces, but of the agency, also. As such, this study aims to contribute to scholarly efforts by the “agency camp” of the new institutionalism and EO, answering a call from the leading scholars of both EO (Miller) and the new institutionalism (Oliver).