Darbe formuluojama hipotezė, kad ikimokyklinio amžiaus vaikų kalbinė elgsena ir visų lygmenų kalbinės realizacijos, pirma, susijusios su amžiaus skirtimi, antra, atspindi besiformuojančius skirtingų lyčių skirtingus kalbinius įpročius bei strategijas. Be to, kalbinės realizacijos (visų lygmenų) analizuotinos kaip tam tikras visuomenės kalbinių potencijų refleksija, t. y. vaikų kalboje fiksuojama ne tik kalbos ontogenezės dalykai, bet ir kalbos kultūros sklaidos ir panašūs dalykai. Pažymėtina, kad dalį kalbinių įpročių galima sieti su genetinėmis, fiziologinėmis, priežastimis. Šiems dalykams darbe dėmesio neskiriama. Šio darbo objektas – ikimokyklinio amžiaus vaikų kalba. Tyrimo medžiagą sudaro – empirinio stebėjimo (ang. observation) laisvojo pobūdžio vaikų dialogai, polilogai bei trumpi monologai. Tyrimo medžiaga užfiksuota portatyvine „Sony DCR–TRV3258E“ vaizdo kamera „Sony N8–90P“ vaizdo kasetėse, 2005 metų gruodžio mėnesį, Kauno miesto lopšelio–darželio „Čiauškutis“ mišraus amžiaus vaikų grupėje „Kodėlčiukai“. Iš viso įrašyta 22 -jų ikimokyklinio amžiaus vaikų kalba – 10 mergaičių (45%) ir 12 berniukų (55%) . Buvo filmuojama po keturis kartus per savaitę. Iš viso nufilmuota 240 min. (4 val.) įvairaus ikimokyklinio amžiaus (nuo 3 iki 6;9 metų) vaikų laisvojo pobūdžio bendravimo. Nufilmuota medžiaga parengta analizei transponavus dialogus, monologus ir polilogus. Iš viso transponuota 180 min. (3 val.) teksto, kurį sudaro 18 atskirų įvairios trukmės (nuo 1 iki 25 min.)... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Die Sprache und das Sprechen im Vorschulalter ist kein Bereich, der mit den erzieherischen oder Erkenntniszielen ausgesondert wäre. Das Kind verwendet die Sprache als Kommunikationsmittel, die anderen sprachlichen Potenzen und Funktionen sind noch nicht so völlig entwickelt. In dieser Arbeit wird die Hypothese formuliert, dass das sprachliche Verhalten und die vielschichtigen sprachlichen Ausführungen der Vorschulkinder, erstens, von dem Alter abhängig sind, zweitens, die sich entwickelden unterschiedlichen sprachlichen Gewohnheiten und Strategien verschiedener Geschlechter wiederspiegeln. Außerdem sind die sprachlichen Ausführungen (in allen Niveaus) als eine bestimmte Reflexion der gesellschaftlichen-sprachlichen Potenzen zu analysieren, d.h. in der Kindersprache sind nicht nur die Sachen der Ontogenese, sondern auch die Fragen der Sprachkultur fixiert u. a. Das Objekt dieser Arbeit ist die Sprache der Vorschulkinder. Das Untersuchungsmaterial sind empirisch überwachte freie Dialoge, Poliloge sowie kurze Monologe. Das Ziel der Arbeit ist die Sprache der Vorschulkinder unter dem soziolinguistischen Aspekt zu untersuchen, d.h. die sozialen Korrelate des Ausdrucks zu aktualisieren. Nach der Analyse der Sprache unter dem soziolinguistischen Aspekt der vier Altersgruppen von Vorschulkindern (Altersgruppe - 3-4 Jahre (13,6 % der Beobachteten); Altersgruppe - 4–5 Jahre (22,7 % der Beobachteten); Altersgruppe - 5–6 Jahre (36,4 % der Beobachteten); Altersgruppe - 6–7 Jahre (27,3 %... [to full text]

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<p>Predmet ove disertacije je oslovljavanje u nemačkom, srpskom i mađarskom jeziku (mađarskom jeziku u vojvođanskoj sredini) u neposrednoj usmenoj komunikaciji, posmatran sa makrolingvističkog i mikrolingvističkog stanovi&scaron;ta na osnovu primera dobivenih metodom ankete i intervjua, kao i onih zabeleženih u spontanim verbalnim interakcijama izvornih govornika nemačkog, srpskog i mađarskog jezika. Makrolingvistički pristup podrazumeva da će se isti parametri primeniti prilikom izbora ispitanika &ndash; starosna dob, pol i obrazovni nivo (tip obrazovne ustanove), te komunikativna situacija &scaron;to će omogućiti sociopsiholingvističku analizu dobijenih podataka za svaku pojedinačnu jezičku grupu, ali i njihovo kompariranje. Predstavljanje gramatičkih i leksičkih modela oslovljavanja u posmatranim jezicima, uz vođenje računa o njihovoj pragmatičkoj vrednosti omogućiće analizu sa mikrolingvističkog stanovi&scaron;ta za svaki jezik pojedinačno, a zatim za njihovo kontrastiranje.</p>

The theoretical part of this work deals with the term of given name, its function and position in the Czech language system. Additionally, motivations that can play any role in naming of children are summarized. The practical part is focused on motivations applied in naming of children in Ústí nad Orlicí district at two groups of parental population. In the first group there are parents whose children were born in the period of 1960-1975 and the second group is formed by parents with children born in 2000-2012. The data from the parents were gathered using questionnaires. These two groups are compared from various points of view - used names, linguistics factors (length, sound aspects of names, relation of the given name to the family name, hypocoristics etc.) and other factors (family tradition, religion, education etc.). Also differences in the approach to male and female names are followed.

Lithuanian people do not speak pure Lithuanian language. In all districts there are used different dialects. Traditional dialects are used almost only in suburbs, because contacts between people are rarer. In towns and cities people speak interdialects. Interdialects are the result of interaction between language and dialects. How often people switch codes, depends on lots of reasons. We think that the main are situational, demographic and social factors, exactly the situation of conversation, age and intelligence of communicants., In this linguistic work as the primary factor we chose the situation of conversation, which can be unofficial and official. We investigated how interdialect can be stimulated by situation – what kind of influence can one communicants do to the other’s language. Other very important factor is the age, which we divided into four conditional groups: children, youth, middle – aged and elderly people. It is established that middle – aged and elderly people use interdialects, which are closest to traditional dialects. But this fact is valid almost only in unofficial situations. Children and youth more often use Lithuanian language forms of the phonetics, morphology, wordbuilding and vocabulary. The intelligence (education and profession) of communicants can be the reason why people switch codes, especially during official conversations. It is found that people, who studied in university and have university degree use interdialects, which are close... [to full text]

Lietuvoje vis dar trūksta sociolingvistinių tyrimų, kuriuose būtų analizuojamos ne atskiros kalbos atmainos (pavyzdžiui, tarmės, bendrinė kalba), o gyventojų požiūris į savo ir kitų kalbą. Darbe aptariamos suvalkiečių kalbinės nuostatos tarmės ir bendrinės kalbos atžvilgiu. Siekiant išsamiai išsiaiškinti respondentų požiūrį buvo keliami šie uždaviniai: išanalizuoti, kaip tyrimo dalyviai identifikuoja save; aprašyti, kokį kalbos variantą respondentai renkasi kasdieniame bendravime; nustatyti, kas ir kur, tyrimo dalyvių nuomone, vartoja tarmę (kartų kalba, tarmės paplitimas regione); išanalizuoti respondentų požiūrį į savą ir kitas tarmes; aptarti tyrimo dalyvių nuomonę apie tarmių ir bendrinės kalbos santykį. Tyrime pusiau struktūruoto interviu metodu apklaustas 21 suvalkietis (bendra interviu trukmė – daugiau kaip 10 val.). Tiriamieji suskirstyti dvi grupes: 1) suvalkiečiai, gyvenantys Suvalkijoje, ir 2) suvalkiečiai, gyvenantys Kaune. Pirmoji respondentų grupė pasirinkta kaip pagrindinė, o jos tiriamieji dar skirstomi pagal amžių, lytį ir įgytą išsilavinimą. Tyrimo duomenys parodė, kad visi respondentai jaučiasi esą lietuviai, tačiau skirtingai vertina tokius tautybę lemiančius veiksnius, kaip: gimimo, gyvenamoji vieta, tėvų tautybė, lietuvių kalba ar kultūra. Nepriklausomai nuo amžiaus, lyties ar išsilavinimo daugelis tyrimo dalyvių teigia esantys suvalkiečiai, tačiau savo etninę tapatybę sieja labiau su gimimo vieta, o ne su tarme. Daugelis suvalkiečių teigia mokantys... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Lithuania is still lacking of sociolinguistic studies on Lithuanian dialects and attitudes towards their own and other languages. This study is one of the first attempts to investigate people living in Suvalkija region attitudes toward their dialect and standard language. In order to find out respondents’ attitudes, we raise the following tasks: 1) to analyze how the study participants identify themselves; 2) to describe which language code respondents choose in everyday’s communication; 3) to determine who and where use Sudovian dialect; 4) to analyze respondents’ attitudes about their own and other dialects; 5) to discuss participants’ views on dialects and standard language. Using a semi-structured interview method, 21 Sudovians were interviewed (the total duration of the interview – almost 10 hours). Respondents were divided in two groups: 1) Sudovians who live in Sudovia, 2) Sudovians who live in Kaunas. The first respondents’ group was chosen as a basic group and these Sudovians were divided into three groups by age, sex and attained education. The research showed that all respondent feel like Lithuanians, but all highlight different ethnicity factors, such as: birth place, living place, parents’ nationality, native language and culture. Despite of age, sex and education many respondents claim to be Sudovian, but it is more related to place of birth, rather than the dialect. Many Sudovians say they can speak Sudovian, but the dialect usage does not always coincide... [to full text]

The Diploma Thesis "Austriacisms in the work of Christine Nöstlinger and their position in Austrian German in present time" deals with austriacisms from the theoretical and practical point of view. It focuses on the conception of austriacisms from different points of view according to linguistic experts, the analysis of the terms from the novel of Nöstlinger and most importantly on the practical sociolinguistic research. The results of this research have shown that the hypothesis was proven. The hypothesis lies in the fact that the informants know autriacisms and that they actively use them. Austriacisms are a consistent and living part of the present colloquial German language. These expressions are not considered to be an archaism and the informants are proud that this variety of the German language has enriched the standard language. The usage of austriacisms is considered to be a part of the Austrian history and culture. Key words: austriacism, lexicology, sociolinguistics, Austrian literature, sociolinguistic research Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Dissertation thesis Eva Obrátilová Expressions of the traditional world-view of Mongolians, as reflected in the spoken language (with an emphasis on crisis-situation Topics) Abstract The aim of this work is to describe some of the traditional world-view of the speakers of Mongolian. Based on my research, I have placed research emphasis on the connection between culturally specific phenomena and language, the influence between the world-view and linguistic expressions connected with the nomadic way of life of the Mongolians. The material is classified and explicated from an ethnolinguistic and sociolinguistic point of view, with a strong emphasis on the ethnography of communication and intercultural communication. Based on the analysis of communication situations, this dissertation describes some of the manifestations of world-view, taboo, values as well as the traditional world-view of the Mongolian speakers. Keywords: ethnolinguistics, sociolinguistics, ethnography of communication, intercultural communication, Mongolian studies

Fala is a language which is spoken by nearly six thousand people in towns: Valverde del Fresno, Eljas and San Martín de Trevejo, in the Spanish region of Extremadura. The author translates the self-contained body of information about fala in a way that it is possible to describe the sociolinguistic situation in the area of the research. The first part of the thesis concentrates on the introduction of already familiar data, apart from general information the characteristic signs of the fala language are described, there is also the historic overview focusing on the facts that have influenced the development of the language, and further basic propositions about its origin are mentioned. The second part is drawn as the author's sociolinguistic research, in which the local language representation is the main subject and its results are presented in the following work in five defined parts. The aim of this thesis is to find out and describe the attitude of the speakers towards their language representation; additionally opinions of the inhabitants regarding the current status, use and possible teaching of fala are presented. The last part evaluates the role of fala in the process of the creation of one's identity. The work tries to assess the current sociolinguistic situation, discusses the future of...

This study, called Dialect caipira, deals with one of the dialect of Brazilian Portuguese language, its historical and sociological formation and its linguistic characteristics. The first chapter contains the interpretation of dialect and dialectology in line with studies undertaken in this area. It represents the evolution of dialectological research from neogrammarians until today. It includes theory of variability of William Labov, who departs from the traditional synchronous approach to language as it was a homogeneous subject of study, and carries out researches, which include variable use of language and its linguistic, stylistic, and social determinants. According to Chambers and Trudghill are introduced social strata with which we encounter in the study of language, and which have in some circumstances, the general tendency to use certain styles of speech. At the end of the first chapters are set out terms that will be used during the work. The second chapter deals with the colloquial Brazilian Portuguese. It outlines the historical formation of the language in Brazil and social factors that influenced it. It represents the emergence of language lingua geral, an artificial language created by Jesuit missionaries for evangelization. This language has been widely used in the first centuries...