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The attitudes of young male learners towards abortion.Selebalo, Lebohang M. M. January 2010 (has links)
Abortion is one of the issues that elicits relatively controversial debates around the globe.
These debates revolve around the pro-life and pro-choice stances, moral and religious issues,
backstreet abortion, the role of fathers in decision-making and constitutional issues, among
others. Therefore, there is a variety of factors that may influence the way individuals perceive
abortion. Race, religious affiliation, and religiosity have been found to play a role in
determining the attitudes of individuals towards abortion. For instance, racial and religious
differences in abortion attitudes among the South African public are reported (Patel, Ramgoon
& Paruk, 2009; Rule, 2004). However, research on attitudes towards abortion demonstrates its
complex nature and provides somewhat conflicting evidence. Varga (2002) makes the point
that while it is important to understand both male and female perspectives on abortion, very
little is known about boys‟ attitudes towards abortion, thus the motivation for this research
study. Consequently, the aim of this study was to investigate the attitudes of young male
learners towards abortion taking into consideration their race, religion and religiosity. Findings
indicate that young male learners generally have high religiosity levels and show negative
attitudes towards abortion across race and religion. The religious and racial differences in
abortion attitudes of male learners were also explored and revealed significant differences
amongst the groups, with the Islamic group obtaining the highest levels of abortion opposition
for different reasons when compared to Africans and Hindus. In line with past research (Patel
& Johns, 2009; Patel & Kooverjee, 2009; Patel & Myeni, 2008), these findings indicate that the
higher the religiosity level, the more negative the attitudes towards abortion. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2010.
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Die jong kind se belewenis van intensiewe sportdeelnameRaubenheimer, Gawie Joubert 31 January 2006 (has links)
The aim of this study was to investigate the young child's experience of intensive sport participation. The study concentrated on the following aspects:
The role that adults play in children's sport experience.
The reasons for children's sport experience becoming negative.
Children's sport experience with special focus on enjoyment, pressure to win, competition anxiety, sportsmanship, crowd behaviour and withdrawal from participation.
A comparison between children's sport experience and the perceptions of parents and coaches of those experiences.
It was found that children experience aspects such as pressure to win, competition anxiety and crowd behaviour as negative. Another outcome of this study was the finding that children experience their sport participation more negative than parents and coaches think they do. Lastly it was found that children, in spite of having a negative experience of some aspects of sport, still enjoy participating in sport and are not considering withdrawal from it. / Educational Studies / M. Ed (Guidance and Counselling)
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Dynamics of individual vigour and burnout in the police serviceLouw, Gerrit Johannes 11 1900 (has links)
Police officers provide emergency services to the public, while being simultaneously
exposed to various organisational and social stressors over which they have little or no
control. The outcome of this may be that highly committed and loyal police officers
become psychologically and physically burned-out. Adversely, others may accept the
same conditions and situations as a challenge and live an energetic and proactive life
while experiencing a positive affective state (vigour) toward their duties. Officers who are
burned-out may fail to meet their goal to protect the public, but eventually may suffer.
The general objective of this study was to investigate vigour and burnout as obliquely
related outcomes of the stress and coping process in terms of its dynamic relationship
with challenges or threats, and the mediating role of personal factors, social resources
and coping resources in the police context.
The research is a qualitative explication of theoretical concepts and constructs, followed
by a quantitative empirical survey design. The survey led to a Structural Equation Model
(SEM) fit between empirical data and the Moos (1994) hypothesised stress and coping
model. Seven measuring instruments were used to collect data. Job demands, work
overload and uncertainty were identified as causes of work stress originating within the
work situation. Respondents indicated that family members play a role in social support,
although it decreases when stress increases.
The SEM procedure revealed that social support and personality has a limited and direct
effect on well-being when experiencing a positive affective state (vigour), with coping
strategies deleted from the experimental model. Adversely, stress has a direct effect on well-being (and eventually burnout) with no moderating effects by the hypothesised
variables.
The study proposes a new Police Vigour and Burnout Model (PVBM) as an alignment
to the Moos (1994) model. It is recommended that vigour and burnout, as outcomes of
the stress and coping process, be included in future studies as obliquely related
variables in other spheres of society. An additional proposal is that stress inducing
features within the police organisation should be scrutinized and critically addressed to
prevent negative psychological affects. / Industrial Psychology / D.Litt. et Phil. (Industrial and Organisational Psyschology)
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Emotional intelligence and leadership in a South African financial services institutionDu Toit, Alison Jane 06 1900 (has links)
The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between
emotional intelligence and leadership among senior leaders in a South African financial services
organisation. The sample consisted of 973 participants. A convenience sample was used, as the
leaders were part of a strategic organisational initiative and completed measurement instruments as
part of this process. All participants completed the Bar-On EQ-i, in order to measure emotional
intelligence, whereas the leadership data were obtained from an organisation-specific multi-rater
which accessed self-ratings, peer and subordinate ratings as well as manager ratings in
terms of leadership behaviours linked to organisational worldviews of leadership effectiveness. The
results show that there was a statistically significant relationship between emotional intelligence
and leadership among the leaders, but that there was poor predictive strength between these
variables. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / MCom (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)
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Narrative pastoral therapy : being an Indian pastoral therapist to white counselleesSingh, Laurance 11 1900 (has links)
For over four decades, segregation, as the master narrative in South Africa, favoured the development of whites as mental health workers and empowered them to research and write about the lives of people of colour, thus becoming the experts on their lives. In this project I do something in reverse by being an Indian pastoral therapist to white counsellees. The project describes a postmodern narrative approach and social construction epistemology and the application of these towards culturally sensitive and respectful ways of doing pastoral therapy. Important feedback from white counsellees on race, culture and spirituality enabled me to reflect
on culturally sensitive ways of doing pastoral therapy in a multicultural post Apartheid South Africa. A narrative perspective also provided me with a voice to tell my own story in a way that was healing to me. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / M. Th. (Practical Theology (Pastoral Therapy))
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Die profiel van vroue wat hulle wend tot terminasie van swangerskappe by Kalafong Hospitaal : 'n ondersoek met die oog op pastorale terapieSchoombie, Felicity Joyce Anne 06 1900 (has links)
Text in Afrikaans / Summaries in Afrikaans and English / Hierdie studie toon dat vroue wat vir terminasie van swangerskappe aanmeld, se behoeftes wyer as bloot die verwydering van die fetus strek. Die diversiteit van probleme, vra 'n beradingsbenadering wat holisties van aard is. Indien die sosiale, psigiese en spirituele behoeftes nie aangespreek word nie, het ons in die holistiese
hantering gefaal. Die Department Huisartskunde waar ek werksaam is, beywer hom vir 'n holistiese
benadering van die pasient. Hierdie benadering word ook deur die huidige SuidAfrikaanse Regering onderskryf.
Die vrou met die ongewenste swangerskap het 'n behoefte om, behalwe die fisieke probleme, in totaliteit verstaan en gehoor te word. Sy smag na 'n berader wat saam met haar deur die kompleksiteit van die probleem kan dink en voel. Die holistiese benadering behels die fisieke sowel as die psigiese, maatskaplike en spirituele behoeftes.
Die studie het te doen met 'n soeke na 'n beradingsbenadering wat in al die behoeftesvan die vrou sal voorsien. / This study demonstrates that the needs of women requesting a termination of pregnancy extend much further than the mere removal of the foetus. The diversity of problems demands a counselling approach that is holistic in nature. We will fail in this holistic management, should the social, psychological and spiritual
needs not be addressed. The Department of Family Medicine where I am employed strives towards a holistic
approach to the patient. This approach is also endorsed by the present South African Government.
The woman with an unwanted pregnancy needs to be heard and understood in totality, over-and-above the physical problem. She yearns for a counsellor who can think and feel through the complexity of the
problem together with her.
The holistic approach includes the physical, as well as the psychological, social and
spiritual aspects.
The study involves a search for a counselling approach which provides for all these
needs of the women. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / M.Th. (Praktiese Teologie - met spesialisering in Pastorale Terapie)
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The early adult life structure of urban black menSegal, Robert Daniel 06 1900 (has links)
The purpose of this study is to provide a groundwork for the understanding of
the psychosocial development of black South African men. This need stems from the
limitation of current models of psychosocial development, which have a white, middleclass
bias, and from the dearth of research relating to black psychosocial development
in South Africa.
Questions which have guided the present study include the following: What is
the nature of the psychosocial development of black men? What are the main
developmental tasks that they have to negotiate, especially in relation to family and
career? How do sociocultural, political and economic factors influence development?
How does the development of black South African men compare with other
conceptualisations of adult development?
Daniel Levinson's (1978) theory of the life structure was used as a framework
to explore these questions. This involved a series of in depth qualitative interviews with
eight men between the ages of 29 and 41, from diverse educational and socio-economic
backgrounds. The grounded theory approach used to analyse the data involved the
simultaneous process of data collection and data analysis. Similarities and differences
in the men's evolving life structures were identified through a process of coding, or
organising the data into categories and themes.
The findings highlighted the importance of understanding the dialectical nature
of development, the role of life events, and the significance of role strain across the life
span of black South African adults. Discrimination, economic constraints, traditional
values, and the sociopolitical context were found to have an impact on the important
developmental tasks. The coping strategies employed to deal with external barriers had
an especially influential impact on the men's evolving life structures. A model of
psychosocial development was proposed which addresses these factors, and which is thus
more relevant to the lives of black South African men, than stage models such as
Levinson's.
Important implications on a societal and theoretical level, and for the professional
practice of psychology emerged. It is hoped that these findings will enrich
developmental theory in psychology training programmes, and guide career and personal
counselling in the South African context. / Psychology / D.Litt. et Phil. (Psychology)
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'n Opvoedkundige-sielkundige begeleidingsprogram vir gesinne blootgestel aan veranderde werksomstandighedeVan Biljon, Magdalena Katharina 06 1900 (has links)
Text in Afrikaans, abstract in Afrikaans and English / Die studie handel oor die probleme wat veranderende
werksomstandighede vir die werker en sy gesin veroorsaak. In 'n tydvak
waar die wereld van werk dramaties verander, toon baie mense
onkundigheid oor wat die veranderende wereld van werk impliseer.
Hierdie veranderende wereld van werk vereis dat die werker groter
verantwoordelikheid sal neem vir sy/haar eie loopbaantoekoms en
-sekuriteit. 'n Loopbaan waar vaste ure, 'n vaste salaris, 'n
pensioenfonds en ander byvoordele vanselfsprekend is, is in die
veranderende wereld van werk nie meer die norm nie.
Mense is nie voorbereid op veranderende werksomstandighede nie en
ervaar verskeie probleme soos stres, 'n verswakte selfbeeld, depressie
en 'n gevoel van magteloosheid. Die meeste mense wat blootgestel
word aan veranderende werksomstandighede ervaar toekomsskok en
hunker na die ou bedeling waar dinge seker en voorspelbaar was.
Omdat persona blootgestel aan veranderende werksomstandighede nie
voldoende op verandering voorberei word nie, ervaar hulle en hul
gesinne probleme. Hulle probeer dikwels om so vinnig moontlik van die
pyn en angstigheid wat met die verandering gepaard gaan, te ontsnap
en neem daarom dikwels ondeurdagte besluite en voortydige aksies. Dit
het dikwels mislukking tot gevolg wat verreikende ekonomiese en
psigologiese implikasies mag inhou.
Die begeleidingsprogram vir die studie is daarom ontwerp met die doel
om aan gesinne wat blootgestel word aan veranderende werksomstandighede
die nodige insig in die veranderende wereld van werk te
gee, en om aan hulle die nodige vaardighede te gee om die probleme
wat veranderinge meebring, te kan hanteer. Die persone en hulle
gesinne word bemagtig deurdat aan hulle die begrip "portefeulje -werk"
met die uitgangspunt dat almal altyd oor sekere bemarkbare
vaardighede beskik, en daarom tegnies nooit werkloos hoef te wees
nie, bekendgestel word. Daar word gepoog dat hulle hierdie konsep sal
internaliseer en dat hulle daarom 'n paradigmaskuif sal maak sodat
hulle meer op hulself en hulle eie vaardighede aangewese is as op eksterne faktore in die wereld van werk.
Uit die terugvoergesprekke met die proefpersone aan die begin van die
groepsessies en die vraelyste wat hulle voltooi het, blyk dit dat hulle
gebaat het by die bywoning van die groepsessies. / This study deals with the problems experienced by a person and his/her
family when faced with changing work circumstances. In a time where
the world of work is undergoing dramatic changes, many people lack
knowledge about the implications of the changing world of work. This
changing world of work requires that the worker will take greater
responsibility for his own career future and career security. A career
where fixed work hours, a fixed salary, a pension fund and other
benefits are a given, is no longer the norm in the changing world of
work.
People are not prepared to deal with changing work circumstances.
They experience a variety of problems like stress, a poor self image and
depression. Most people who are facing changing work circumstances
experience future shock and long for the old times when things were certain and predictable.
Persons and their families who are facing changing work circumstances
are not sufficiently prepared for the changes. They often try to escape
the pain and anxiety which accompany the changes by making quick
decisions and by taking premature actions. This often leads to failure
and has serious economic and psychological implications.
The counselling programme for this study is thus designed with the
purpose to give the families who are faced with changing work
circumstances the necessary insight in the changing world of work, and
to equip them with the necessary skills to deal with the problems which
accompany the changes. The persons and their families are also
empowered by introducing them to the concept "portfolio work". The
implications of portfolio work is that people always have some
marketable skills, and by marketing themselves and their skills they
should technically never be unemployed. It is attempted to help the
participants to internalise these concepts in order to make a paradigm
shift so that they will be more self reliant and less dependent on employers in the world of work.
From feedback with participants in the investigation at the beginning of
the group sessions, and the questionnaires they completed, it seems
that they have benefited from attending the group sessions. / Psychology of Education / Ph. D. (Sielkundige Opvoedkunde)
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Factors predicting success in the final qualifying examination for chartered accountantsWessels, Sally 11 1900 (has links)
Anyone desiring to qualify as an accountant or auditor is required to pass an examination as
approved by the Public Accountants' and Auditors' Board to establish whether candidates have
attained the required standard of academic knowledge in terms of the syllabi laid down by the
Board, as well as whether they are able to apply that knowledge in practice (P AAB, 1995).
However each year many students fail this very important examination. The reasons for this are
not clear and the purpose of this research is to determine whether: personality; vocational
interests; intelligence; matriculation Mathematics and home language (English/ Afrikaans) results,
predict success in the QE, by comparing a group of successful and unsuccessful QE candidates.
The logistic regression, discriminant analysis and t-test statistical procedures, indicated that:
warmth (A), liveliness (F), rule-consciousness (G), social boldness (H), apprehension (0),
self-reliance (Q2), perfectionism (Q3), tension (Q4), computational interest, social services
interest, mechanical interest, Mental Alertness and matriculation home language, are significant
factors to consider when identifying candidates likely to be successful in the QE. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / MCOM (Industrial Psychology)
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HIV/AIDS patients' management of depressionSerote, Yvonne Mapule 20 August 2012 (has links)
M.A. / Hubley (1990) notes that Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a relatively recently recognized disease. It is caused by infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), which attacks selected cells in the immune system and produces defects in functioning. These defects may not be apparent for years. They lead, however, to a severe suppression of the immune system's ability to resist harmful organisms. This leaves the body open to an invasion by various infections, which are therefore called opportunistic diseases, and to the development of unusual cancers. The virus also tends to reach certain brain cells. This leads to so-called neuropsychiatric abnormalities or psychological disturbances caused by physical damage to nerve cells. Many of those infected with HIV may not even be aware that they carry and can spread the virus. Combating it is a major challenge to biomedical scientists and health-care providers. HIV infection and AIDS occur among the most pressing public policy and public health problems world-wide. Since the first HIV/AIDS cases have been reported in 1981, through mid-1993, more than 600 cases were reported in South Africa. This is only the tip of the iceberg of HIV/AIDS infection as it was estimated that between 2 and 2.5 million South Africans had been infected with the virus through the early 1990s but not yet developed the clinical symptoms. In terms of the historical data from previous surveys (ie. the results of the 1996 survey) in South Africa confirmed the trend of a growing HIV/AIDS epidemic. HIV infection has increased in all provinces, but Kwa-Zulu Natal and Mpumalanga had the highest HIV prevalence rates of 18,23% compared to 1994's '14,35% and 16-18%, compared to 12-16% respectively (see table 1).. Of particular concern are the pregnant women in South Africa under twenty years where a prevalence of 12,78% has been found. Thirty per cent of babies born to HIV positive women in South Africa are infected. Of the 3638 births in VVitbank — a rather small town in Mpumalanga-.Province — in 1996, 219 of the women were tested HIV positive (Masiphile Vol. 1: 1997).
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