This project examines the role of daylight and illumination in the design of urban public space. It explores the 'civic urban public space' in its form as well as its social, health, economic and economic value. It also explores past and present studies in light psychology. Lastly this project examines the history of light - from sun celebration and ritual to the rise of public illumination. The site design proposes one way in which light can enhance the identity, use and health of a plaza in the City of Langley. It emphasizes that plaza design must combine an innovative use of daylight and shadow, as well as illumination. The proposed design uses cycles of the sun and shadow, multifunctional use of illumination, and a variety of light levels and elements. The design aspires to reduce light pollution, demonstrate sustainable technologies and enhance 'sense of community'. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Architecture and Landscape Architecture (SALA), School of / Graduate

This thesis is a study of fundamental properties of Hilbert space, properties of linear manifold, and realizations of Hilbert space.

We study the relationship between real and complex tensor norms. The theory of tensor norms on tensor products of Banach spaces, was developed, by A. Grothendieck, in his Resumé de la théorie métrique des produits tensoriels topologiques [3]. In this monograph he introduced a variety of ways to assign norms to tensor products of Banach spaces. As is usual in functional analysis, the real-scalar theory is very closely related to the complex-scalar theory. For example, there are, up to top ological equivalence, fourteen ``natural' tensor norms in each of the real-scalar and complex-scalar theories. This correspondence was remarked upon in the Resumé, but without proving any formal relationships, although hinting at a certain injective relationship between real and complex (topological) equivalence classes of tensor norms. We make explicit connections between real and complex tensor norms in two different ways. This divides the dissertation into two parts. In the first part, we consider the ``complexifications' of real Banach spaces and find tensor norms and complexification procedures, so that the complexification of the tensor product, which is itself a Banach space, is isometrically isomorphic to the tensor product of the complexifications. We have results for the injective tensor norm as well as the projective tensor norm. In the second part we look for isomorphic results rather than isometric. We show that one can define the complexification of real tensor norm in a natural way. The main result is that the complexification of real topological equivalence classes that is induced by this definition, leads to an injective correspondence between the real and the complex tensor norm equivalence classes. / Thesis (PHD)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Mathematics and Applied Mathematics / unrestricted

The purpose of this thesis is to explore the different aspects of therapeutic architecture through the design of a therapeutic community for refugees who suffer from PTSD. To understand a therapeutic space a depth of understanding of what space, atmosphere and stimulation of senses is explored through the effects of light, shadow, and color psychology. The methodology exploration studies different lighting strategies and massing models to understand the relationship and aura of the space being designed.

For many years, physicians and the greater population saw Autism Spectrum Disorder as a behavioral syndrome. But what physicians have proved in recent decades is that autism is a wide spectrum disorder foremost affecting the senses. Autistic individuals have difficulty distinguishing relevant from irrelevant stimuli due to the fact that their brain is unable to organize sensation into meaning and concept. They cannot "break" the whole picture into relevant parts. It is a known fact that not much investigation and research has gone into the support of adults with autism. Government funding goes into the education and therapy of children with autism, but after the age of 18, adults with autism often end up in isolation, in the care of their families, or in mental institutions. Furthermore, physicians tend to disagree with the current lifestyles residential communities put forth for those living in them. The goal of this thesis is to design and develop a "kit of parts" or installation-like spaces that will be ad ted into a residential living community for the increase in quality of life for autistic individuals. With sensory spaces fixed into the architecture of the residential living community, hopefully the residents' lives will improve and they will gain independence. / 0 / SPK / specialcollections@tulane.edu

Sarajevo is city as cultural palimpsest; its history shaped by the multiplicity of regimes and empires that have held the east-meets-west nexus. For years the various ethnicities and religions that comprised the city coexisted harmoniously, but the fall of the Yugoslavian federation in the late 1980s pushed Sarajevo into violent civil conflict. Sarajevo emerged from the war the capital of a new state, but was utterly decimated by the years of siege. In the intervening two decades, the city has superficially recovered: buildings have been rebuilt, infrastructures and institutions reestablished. A thriving black tourism economy has even taken root in the city - to many, a sign that the city has made peace with its fraught history. But violent protests against the government in the spring of 2014 belie this notion of peace; the city is still at odds with itself. Architecture cannot save the world, nor can it guarantee a path towards sustained peace. It can, however, serve as a form of reconciliation - a critical component of an urban healing process. Introducing interventions in phases will ensure smooth assimilation in an area likely wary of new systems, and might physically exemplify a healing process. Thoughtful architecture and urban planning can lay the foundation for healing and rejuvenating a city raw from conflict, but requires the strength of the community to support and nurture it. The designer's challenge is, in this case, particularly complex, and requires a conscientious and diplomatic approach, drawing from the local community itself. No one outside can guarantee that Muslims, Croats and Serbs in Bosnia can come together and stay together as free citizens in a united country sharing a common destiny, said President Clinton in 1995. / 0 / SPK / specialcollections@tulane.edu

Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mathematics, 1981 / Bibliography: leaves 102-103. / by Javier Bracho. / Ph. D. / Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mathematics

Dans les années 90, Gowers démontre un théorème de type Ramsey pour les bloc-suites dans les espaces de Banach, afin de prouver deux dichotomies d'espaces de Banach. Ce théorème, contrairement à la plupart des résultats de type Ramsey en dimension infinie, ne repose pas sur un principe des tiroirs, et en conséquence, sa formulation doit faire appel à des jeux. Dans une première partie de cette thèse, nous développons un formalisme abstrait pour la théorie de Ramsey en dimension infinie avec et sans principe des tiroirs, et nous démontrons dans celui-ci une version abstraite du théorème de Gowers, duquel on peut déduire à la fois le théorème de Mathias-Silver et celui de Gowers. On en donne à la fois une version exacte dans les espaces dénombrables, et une version approximative dans les espaces métriques séparables. On démontre également le principe de Ramsey adverse, un résultat généralisant à la fois le théorème de Gowers abstrait et la détermination borélienne des jeux dénombrables. On étudie aussi les limitations de ces résultats et leurs généralisations possibles sous des hypothèses supplémentaires de théorie des ensembles.Dans une seconde partie, nous appliquons les résultats précédents à la preuve de deux dichotomies d'espaces de Banach. Ces dichotomies ont une forme similaire à celles de Gowers, mais sont Hilbert-évitantes : elles assurent que le sous-espace obtenu n'est pas isomorphe à un espace de Hilbert. Ces dichotomies sont une nouvelle étape vers la résolution d'une question de Ferenczi et Rosendal, demandant si un espace de Banach séparable non-isomorphe à un espace de Hilbert possède nécessairement un grand nombre de sous-espaces, à isomorphisme près / In the 90's, Gowers proves a Ramsey-type theorem for block-sequences in Banach spaces, in order to show two Banach-space dichotomies. Unlike most infinite-dimensional Ramsey-type results, this theorem does not rely on a pigeonhole principle, and therefore it has to have a partially game-theoretical formulation. In a first part of this thesis, we develop an abstract formalism for Ramsey theory with and without pigeonhole principle, and we prove in it an abstract version of Gowers' theorem, from which both Mathias-Silver's theorem and Gowers' theorem can be deduced. We give both an exact version of this theorem in countable spaces, and an approximate version of it in separable metric spaces. We also prove the adversarial Ramsey principle, a result generalising both the abstract Gowers' theorem and Borel determinacy of countable games. We also study the limitations of these results and their possible generalisations under additional set-theoretical hypotheses. In a second part, we apply the latter results to the proof of two Banach-space dichotomies. These dichotomies are similar to Gowers' ones, but are Hilbert-avoiding, that is, they ensure that the subspace they give is not isomorphic to a Hilbert space. These dichotomies are a new step towards the solution of a question asked by Ferenczi and Rosendal, asking whether a separable Banach space non-isomorphic to a Hilbert space necessarily contains a large number of subspaces, up to isomorphism.

Participatory planning and design is a subject that has been around for quite some time. It has been theorized by several authors and put in practice by many practitioners. After going through some of the literature and studying in detail some real-life participatory experiences, it’s still hard to tackle the subject because of its complexity. I could have tried to simplify it and look into one type of participation, but instead I tried to understand it in all its complexity and diversity, maybe leaving some unsolved questions. Throughout this semester I studied four different cases of participatory planning/design and I analyzed and compared them. These are located in Paris (France), Medellín (Colombia), Banjarmasin (Indonesia) and Gothenburg (Sweden). I looked at them through some of the concepts I found in the literature, like for example the idea of desire treated by Doina Petrescu in some of her texts.  After extracting some conclusions from the case studies I got involved in a real-life participatory process carried out in the School of Architecture at KTH to include students, teachers and others in the design of a new location for the school. I took part in one of their meetings and I had three parallel workshops in English with the participation of some students. This helped me experience and understand better what participation really means and implies. I put myself in the role of a facilitator who initiates a process, and therefore carries it out. I learned about the importance of the invitation to participate and how important it is to be clear on the activities and questions posed to the participants.

archives@tulane.edu / This thesis examines the geometry and combinatorics of Borel subgroup orbits in classical symmetric spaces G/L where G is complex linear algebraic group and L is a Levi factor of a maximal parabolic subgroup P in G. In these cases, known as symmetric spaces of Hermitian type, we show that the canonical projection map $\pi : G/L \to G/P$ has the structure of an affine bundle. This fact yields a cell decomposition of G/L as well as isomorphisms of the cohomology and Chow rings of G/L and G/P, and motivates the study of the Borel orbits of G/L in relation to their images under the equivariant map $\pi$. For all of the cases of interest (symmetric spaces of types AIII, CI, DIII and BDI), G/P is a Grassmannian variety with Borel orbits called Schubert cells. Borel orbits of most of these symmetric spaces are parametrized by combinatorial objects called clans. This thesis provides enumerative formulae for the orbits in type CI, DIII and BDI , and gives bijections between sets of clans and other families of objects such as (fixed-point free) partial involutions, rook placements, and set partitions. Clans come with a poset structure given by the closure containment relation of the corresponding Borel orbits, and we supply rank polynomials for these posets in types CI and DIII. We give a combinatorial description of the closure order relations in types AIII, CI, and DIII which allows us to resolve part of a conjecture of Wyser on the restriction of this order from type AIII to other types. In the course of this description, we identify the preimages of Schubert cells under the map \pi as collections of clans called “sects.” Our combinatorial description of the sects identifies Borel orbits whose closures generate the Chow ring of G/L and reveals additional structure in the closure poset of clans. In particular, the preimage of the largest Schubert cell coincides variously with well-known posets of matrix Schubert varieties and congruence Borel orbit closures. Furthermore, we show that in type AIII the closure order restricted to a given sect can be described combinatorially in terms of “rank tableaux.” / 0 / Aram Bingham