Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2015-12-10T13:23:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 carolinalimasilvapereira.pdf: 1682133 bytes, checksum: 843273fb0ef7d9edb4bcd71063a52dba (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2015-12-10T14:13:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 carolinalimasilvapereira.pdf: 1682133 bytes, checksum: 843273fb0ef7d9edb4bcd71063a52dba (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-10T14:13:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 carolinalimasilvapereira.pdf: 1682133 bytes, checksum: 843273fb0ef7d9edb4bcd71063a52dba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-01-20 / Considerando que na contemporaneidade o discurso político tem alargado suas fronteiras, com candidatos a cargos públicos passando a utilizar as redes sociais para construção de uma imagem positiva, em busca de consolidar accountability político, conquistar eleitores, influenciar opiniões e buscar identificação com sua campanha, o presente trabalho discute o surgimento de uma esfera de participação política nas redes sociais a partir da análise da fanpage de três candidatos a deputado federal nas eleições de 2014, Margarida Salomão (PT), Marcus Pestana (PSDB) e Júlio Delgado (PSB). A proposta procura entender como são construídas relações de sentido a partir de postagens e de interações entre cidadãos e candidatos e entre os próprios cidadãos no Facebook, com vistas a compreender o processo de deliberação a partir da formação de um clima de discussão política propício ao debate e ao fortalecimento democrático na internet. A metodologia utilizada consiste na aplicação da análise de conteúdo categorial proposta por Laurence Bardin para analisar as postagens nas fanpages nos meses de maio/junho e setembro/outubro de 2014. / Where as in contemporary political discourse has extended its borders, with candidates for public office starting to use social networks to build a positive image, seeking to consolidate political accountability, to win voters, influence opinions and seek identification with his campaign this paper discusses the emergence of a sphere of political participation in social networks based on the analysis of fanpage three candidates in the 2014 elections, Margarida Salomão ( PT) , Marcus Pestana (PSDB ) and Julio Delgado (PSB ). The proposal seeks to understand how relationships are built of sense from posts and interactions between citizens and candidates and among the citizens on Facebook, in order to understand the decisionmaking process from the formation of a political climate conducive to discussion debate and democratic strengthening the internet. The methodology used is the analysis application of categorical proposed by Laurence Bardin to analyze posts in fanpages in May / June and September / October 2014 .

Esta tese é uma pesquisa em Poéticas Visuais que tem como ponto de partida o Arte Ocupação -- movimento de ações colaborativas nas escolas ocupadas no Paraná em 2016, que, por meio de intervenções diretas, gerou uma série de situações e proposições, as quais refletem e afirmam a condição-ocupação como dispositivo relacional, ao mesmo tempo que interpelam o campo da arte sugerindo um território de desbordes com imagens por vir. Partindo de um referencial conceitual baseado nas ideias do artista, pensador, político e ativista Marcelo Expósito, para quem a arte deve ser articulada por meio de uma função organizadora, buscou-se uma contextualização circunstancial, que, somada a outras interlocuções artísticas e teóricas sobre arte, política, imagem e esfera pública, é indicada aqui como \"prática modal\". Ainda como parte desta, transcreveu-se e traduziu-se para o português a apresentação El arte como producción de modos de organización, de Marcelo Expósito, traduziu-se o texto Sobre el Militante Investigador do Colectivo Situaciones e analisou-se o processo de trabalho do Arte Ocupação a partir da constituição de seu acervo propositivo, a dizer, a oficina Imagin(Ação): narrativas poético-políticas para estados de crise. Atelier-oficina para manifestações-exposições-ópera e as proposições Corpos que se descobrem como corpos que se manifestam, Colar de Chaves, Mato, A Revolução Francesa e Jogral, que podem ser vistas em www.arteocupacao.com. / This thesis is a research in Visual Poetics that has, as a starting point, the Arte Ocupação - a movement consistent of collaborative actions at occupied schools in Paraná, in 2016. This movement, through direct interventions, has generated a series of situations and propositions, which reflect and affirm the occupation-condition as a relational device, at the same time, interpellating the art field suggesting a land of overflows with coming images. Starting from a conceptual referential, based upon the ideas of the artist, thinker, politic and activist Marcelo Expósito, to whom art should be articulated by means of an organizational function, it was sought a circumstantial contextualization, which, added to other artistic and theoretical interlocutions about art, politics, image and public sphere, is here indicated as \"modal practice\". Still as a part of this, it was transcribed and translated into Portuguese the presentation Art as the sourceproduction of organizational modes, by Marcelo Expósito, it was translated the text About the militant investigador from Colectivo Situaciones and it was analized the work process of Arte Ocupação from the constitution of it\'s propositional collection, that is, the workshop Imagin(action): politic-poetic narratives for crisis\' states. Workshop-studio for operaexpositions- manifestations and the propositions Bodies that discover themselves as bodies that manifest themselves, keys necklace, Bush, The French Revolution and Jogral, wich can be seen at www.arteocupacao.com.

Analisar o modo como diferentes línguas-culturas organizam retoricamente os seus discursos significa inscrever-se em um espaço teórico-metodológico cujas fronteiras são de difícil delimitação. Ao se interessar pela relação que se estabelece entre línguas-culturas e retórica, este trabalho aproxima domínios disciplinares heterogêneos, como, o ensino-aprendizagem de línguas, a neo-retórica e a cultura escolar, por exemplo. Inserida no entremeio destas disciplinas, esta pesquisa investiga a organização retórica de dois sistemas linguístico-culturais distintos que são a língua portuguesa do Brasil e língua francesa. O corpus constitui-se de 150 textos dissertativo-argumentativos elaborados por alunos do Ensino Médio do Liceu Pasteur, escola franco-brasileira. Fundamentado teórica e metodologicamente em Charaudeau (1992), Perelman e Olbrechts-Tyteca (2002) e Amossy (2006) principalmente, esse corpus foi analisado com o objetivo de descrever e explicar as semelhanças e as diferenças retóricas das duas línguas-culturas em questão, e de depreender o ethos do enunciador escolar, isto é, a imagem de si que é construída e apresentada no e pelo discurso. A partir das análises realizadas, confirmou-se a hipótese inicial de que, em sistemas linguístico-culturais distintos, os atos de fala, como, por exemplo, criticar, persuadir e argumentar, entre outros, podem ser semelhantes; no entanto, a maneira como eles são organizados, encadeados e expressos na superfície discursiva parece variar de uma língua-cultura para outra. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que cada sistema linguístico empregou e articulou de forma distinta, os componentes da argumentação conforme suas necessidades e suas especificidades retóricas, discursivas e culturais, ou seja, conforme o sistema retórico escolar considerado. Além disso, analisando o ethos do enunciador escolar, que se encontra em uma situação de biculturalidade, verificou-se que a imagem, construída e apresentada nos textos dissertativo-argumentativos em língua portuguesa e em língua francesa, foi muito similar. As semelhanças observadas indicam que, na esfera ocidental, parece haver uma imagem ideal homogênea para o enunciador escolar. / Analyzing how different languages and cultures organize rhetorically discourses means to dissertate on a theoretical and methodological area whose frontiers are difficult to narrow. Interested in the relationship established between languages, cultures and rhetoric, this research integrates heterogeneous subject domains, such as, language teaching and learning, new rhetoric and school culture, for example. Inserted between these subjects, this research investigates rhetoric organization of two systems Brazilian Portuguese and French. The corpus is composed to 150 texts produced by students of secondary school of Liceu Pasteur, Brazilian French school. Theoretical and methodological references are Charaudeau (1992), Perelman & Olbrechts-Tyteca (2002) and Amossy (2006) mainly, this corpus was analyzed aiming at describing and explaining the similarities and differences between two languages and cultures in focus to find out the ethos of school enunciator, that is, the self image which is built and presented in and by his/her speech. Supported by analysis conducted, the initial hypothesis was that distinct cultural linguistic system, speech acts, such as, criticizing, persuading and arguing among others could be similar, though, how they are organized, cateneted and expressed on the discourse surface seems to vary from language to language. Results reveal that each linguistic system employs and articulates in a distinct way, argumentative features according to rhetoric, discursive and cultural needs and specifications, that is, according to rhetoric school system analyzed. Besides, school speaker´s ethos was analyzed who lives in a bicultural context. It was verified that her/his image built and presented in the argumentative dissertation texts in Brazilian Portuguese and French was very similar. In the occidental sphere, the similarities observed seem to have a homogenous ideal image for the school enunciator.

Abstract  In Sweden, moderators of Facebook groups are currently required to remove illegal content from their forums according to BBS-lagen. The law is however old and rarely used, and the impact of it’s existence is unclear. The purpose of the essay is to gain understanding on how moderators of Facebook groups think and act on illegal/inappropriate content that is published within their groups, and what impact the current legislation on the subject in Sweden has on their behavior. In order to examine this the following questions was asked:  -       How does moderators of big Facebook groups reason and act on potentially illegal/inappropriate content in their groups?  -       How do moderators of big Facebook groups reason and act on potentially illegal/inappropriate content in their groups, in relation to the law on bulletin board systems (BBS-lagen)?  The theoretical vantage points were the Public Sphere by Habermas and Panopticon by Foucault, to explain the actions of the moderators and the impact of legislation. The methods used were semi-structured qualitative interviews with moderators of Facebook groups, in combination with an analysis on relevant legal documents.  The study found that the majority of the interviewed Facebook moderators had a semi - rigorous moderation approach, where freedom of speech was important, but also second to the wellbeing of the community. The forums had to have some level of surveillance on a regular basis, often following use of the Facebook report function. They were mostly aware of the legislation but did not actively use it as a tool for moderation, they leaned on the group's internal regulations instead.    Keywords: BBS-lagen, democracy online, surveillance, Facebook moderation, illegal content

Climate change is one of the greatest threats to humanity with millions of people already suffering from its consequences in the last two decades. Social media, as a communication channel, has an important role to play in provoking a response to climate change. Social networking sites are known to be more interactive and potentially provide a great platform for the masses to make their voices heard, shape policy objectives, and even influence intransigent negotiations. This research explored how African youth are using the social media in climate change discussions and advocacy. The literature for this study is drawn from various studies focusing on climate change key issues, climate change communication and application of strategic communication to social media climate change initiatives and campaigns. A mixed method research approach was used to collect data for the study. Findings revealed that Facebook is the common social media platform for climate change discussions among Malawian youth as 62.50% of the participants use it to talk about the issue.

PART I Hollow-sphere (HS) steel foam is a relatively new material whose cellular morphology and material properties qualify it as a metallic foam. This is an innovative foam-like material that exhibits high stiffness paired with low relative densities. Technological advancements in the past few decades have enabled the manufacturing of this material by a sintering process and, as a result, research has begun to accelerate as a multi-school collaboration effort for this particular work. Even though commercialization has been a challenge for metallic foams, it is imperative that researchers continue to prove and promote the advantages of metallic foams despite the current challenges posed by commercialization. One of the most promising characteristics of metallic foams is their energy absorption capacity. This work explores hollow-sphere steel foam’s ability to absorb energy at high strain rates under a dynamic impact load and builds upon an earlier work of quasi-static compression loading. Since most research in this field has been attributed to aluminum open-cell foams, the objective of this work seeks to build upon and apply existing methods to cultivate new research material for hollow-sphere steel foam. The premise of this work began with experimental research analyzing stress-strain relationships of a mass impacting samples of HS steel foam with different kinetic energies. As a result, material properties were extracted and quantified such as elastic modulus, yield stress, and energy absorption, among others. These properties set the foundation for the next set of research; finite element analysis whose objective is to develop a functional material model that could be used for a later application in structural engineering, such as a blast or crash impact. PART II The second part of this thesis applies structural engineering mechanics to a complex arboricultural project. A particular American elm (Ulmus americana L.) tree is the focus of analysis due to its usage for tree climbing competitions. Structurally, this work is relevant to structural engineering by involving finite element analysis of a branch of this American elm tree. This particular work has the objective of understanding how a particular American elm branch behaves structurally under a variety of dynamic loads with different input parameters. Before any of the analyses can be implemented, the definite geometry of the tree has to be measured and material properties have to be calculated. Field experimental data are imperative for this project so that the idealized model can represent the real system as best as possible. Following the data acquisition and modeling of the tree, loads that were either measured or calculated are applied. These loads can be idealized as an impulse load and a cyclic load, with variability imposed within each of them. It is within this variability of the parameters within the loads that the purpose of this work arises. By applying extreme loads upon this tree branch, critical points along the branch can be identified by calculating maximum bending and axial stresses. These stresses indicate not only the critical points along the primary branch but in addition, they indicate the magnitude and severity of these potential stresses, which can be compared directly with the mechanical properties of the wood in the branch. The final intent of this work is to contribute to the knowledge of how a particular branch behaves dynamically in order to better equip tree climbers, academics, and professionals by integrating structural mechanics and arboriculture.

By examining the donations by the local nobility to the local church, this thesis aims to study the church as a public room. By analyzing the donations of the nobility in relation to Habermas concept of the public sphere and the concept of conspicuous consumption the donations to the churches can be viewed as manifestations of power. This thesis studies all donations to the churches that leaves material and visual remnants in the church room. The results shows that there was a conscious strategy for the nobility to use the church for manifestation and representation of power. The nobility used their donations to manifest their power and to represent the power towards the people. This was done by filling the church with their names and coats of arms. By donating liturgical objects, church silver, chapels and coats of arms used for funerals the nobility was able to symbolically place themselves in the religious rituals. The church as a room was a symbolically and hierarchical place, and by connecting themselves with this room by donations the nobility could manifest their position in society, both locally and nationally.

The polarization of light is one of the most remarkable phenomena in nature and has led to many discoveries in the optical-telecommunications sphere. The master's thesis describes the basic knowledge about polarized light, which includes the types of light polarization, the issue of Poincaré sphere, polarizing ellipse, etc. Emphasis is also placed on the measurement of optical power, where the analysis of various types of photodetectors and also polarimeters was performed. In the practical part of this work, the design of the workplace itself is described in the diagrams. Also, all devices in the workplace are analyzed and subsequently demonstrated measurement in several scenarios. The final chapter is a discussion with the measured results and graphical dependencies, comparison and analysis of results.

Diploma thesis deals with polarization properties of an optical beam and the determination of its polarization state by means of the proposed automatic measurement method. Furthermore the influence of an environment on the polarization state of the optical wave is studied. At the beginning of this thesis the fundamental terms with respect to the wave polarization including the description of the polarization devices are presented. In conclusion a method for an automated experimental workplace for the measurement of the polarization properties using Poincare sphere and Stokes parameters is designed and verified.

This thesis examines the role of online platforms in relation to anti-progressive counterpublic dynamics. Counterpublicsare understood as alternative discursive arenas that form in response to exclusion from the wider public sphere. The relevance of counterpublics derives both from their ability to influence mainstream political discourse and from how anti-progressive counterpublics have been found to contribute to real-life violence. As the internet becomes an increasingly important venue for political discussion and contestation, the public sphere is extended online. This study explores how platforms can be seen as enabling (or constraining) the dual function of online counterpublics, i.e. as both inward and outward-oriented in relation to opposing publics, by examining the anti-feminist online community known as “Men Going Their Own Way” (MGTOW). The role of platforms is understood in terms of platform affordances, and netnographic methods were used to study these in relation to two online platforms. The results show that the two platforms presented different opportunities for the MGTOW counterpublic to some extent, suggesting that this counterpublic is able to utilise platforms for different purposes. Twitter was found to be particularly suitable for the outward-oriented function, i.e. for interacting with and opposing other publics, while mgtow.com was shown to be fertile ground for the inward-oriented function, and in that sense enabled contact between members in a way that contributed to the development of anti-progressive counterdiscourse.