Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The application of pig slurry (PS) in agricultural areas, mostly grown under no-till, can cause a substantial increase in N losses by nitrous oxide emissions (N2O) into the atmosphere, both for the characteristics of the PS and for the straw kept on the ground at SPD. However, little is known about the influence of the biochemical composition of the straw used in no till on emissions of N2O, after the application of PS as well as on how the collecting system of this gas can affect the quantification of N2O emissions. Thus, two field studies were conducted. In the study I , was evaluated the influence of the sampling system on the measurements of N2O following the application of PS on black oat straw. In the Study II was evaluated the influence of stages of decomposition of black oat straw at full flowering (experiment 1) and harvest stages (experiment 2) on emissions of N2O, after application of 50 m3 ha-1 of PS. In study I , two experiments were conducted between January and February 2011, (experiment 1) in the experimental area of Irrigation and Drainage Department, in the Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), and between September and October 2012 (experiment 2) in the experimental area of Zootecnic Department (UFSM). The N2O sampling were performed after the application of PS and irrigations at 2 h intervals for every 24 h. In the study II , two experiments were conducted between September and December 2012, in the experimental area of Zootecnic Department (UFSM). All treatments used in both experiments of the study II were arranged in a random block design with three replicates, as follows: T1- Soil (control); T2- PS surface (Soil + PS); T3- straw at time 0 + DLS surface (T0 + PS); T4- straw at time 1 + DLS surface (T1 + PS); T5- straw at time 2 + DLS surface (T2 + PS); T6- straw- at time 3 + DLS surface (T3 + PS); and T7- straw at time 4 + DLS surface (T4 + PS). In study I , the sampling system was influenced for the quantification of N2O emissions, indicating that the sampling during times when emissions are high, for example, in the first 6 hours there would be an overestimation of emissions, suggesting that a sampling 8 hours after the rain stopped would be the best time to estimate the cumulative N2O emission. In study II , in both experiments was observed that the application of PS over the straw increased N2O emissions to the atmosphere. However, in the conditions which this study was conducted, it was not possible to statistically distinguish N2O emissions in relation to different stages of decomposition of the oat straw. / A aplicação de dejetos líquidos de suínos (DLS) em áreas agrícolas, cultivadas principalmente sob o sistema de plantio direto (SPD), pode provocar um aumento substancial das perdas de N pelas emissões de óxido nitroso (N2O) para a atmosfera, tanto pelas características dos DLS quanto da palhada mantida sobre o solo no SPD. No entanto, pouco se sabe sobre a influência da composição bioquímica da palhada utilizada em SPD sobre as emissões de N2O, após a aplicação de DLS, assim como sobre o quanto o regime de coletas desse gás pode afetar a quantificação das emissões de N2O. Dessa forma, foram conduzidos dois estudos a campo. O estudo I objetivou avaliar a influência do regime de coletas sobre as quantificações de N2O após a aplicação de DLS sobre palha de aveia preta. Já o estudo II, objetivou avaliar a influência dos estágios de decomposição de aveia preta em pleno florescimento (experimento 1) e na colheita (experimento 2) sobre as emissões de N2O, após a aplicação de 50 m3 ha-1 de DLS. No estudo I, foram conduzidos dois experimentos, entre janeiro e fevereiro de 2011 (experimento 1) na área experimental do setor de Irrigação e Drenagem da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), e entre setembro e outubro de 2012 (experimento 2) na área experimental do Departamento de Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria UFSM. As coletas de N2O foram realizadas logo após a aplicação dos DLS e das irrigações, em intervalos de 2 h, durante 24 h. No estudo II, foram conduzidos 2 experimentos entre setembro e dezembro de 2012, na área experimental do Departamento de Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria UFSM. Todos os tratamentos utilizados nos dois experimentos do estudo II foram dispostos em um delineamento de blocos ao acaso com três repetições, sendo eles: T1- Solo (testemunha); T2- DLS em superfície (Solo + DLS); T3- Palha no tempo 0 + DLS em superfície (T0 + DLS); T4- Palha no tempo 1 + DLS em superfície (T1 + DLS); T5- Palha no tempo 2 + DLS em superfície (T2 + DLS); T6- Palha no tempo 3 + DLS em superfície (T3 + DLS); e T7- Palha no tempo 4 + DLS em superfície (T4 + DLS). No estudo I, o regime de coletas influenciou a quantificação das emissões de N2O, indicando que a realização de coletas em momentos em que as emissões são altas, ou seja, nas primeiras seis horas ocorreria uma superestimação das emissões, sugerindo então que uma única coleta após 8 horas do fim das chuvas seria o melhor período para estimar a emissão acumulada de N2O. No estudo II, foi observado em ambos experimentos que a aplicação de DLS sobre a palhada aumentou as emissões de N2O para atmosfera. Entretanto, nas condições em que este estudo foi conduzido, não foi possível distinguir estatisticamente as emissões de N2O em relação ao diferentes estágios de decomposição das palhas de aveia preta.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:25:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-08-13Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:32:52Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 carrera_fh_me_ilha.pdf: 1664760 bytes, checksum: 5e03e489b4282bd00667bb00a9844991 (MD5) / PROPG / O presente trabalho tem por objetivo obter numericamente os valores das distribuições de pressões devidas a ação do vento e seus respectivos coeficientes de pressões de formas externos em torres de seção circular. As distribuições de pressões nas torres são determinadas através da simulação numérica, utilizando-se o programa ANSYS 9.0, considerando-se a interação fluido-estrutura. Para a simulação numérica, a geometria da torre foi modelada tridimensionalmente, considerando como fluido o ar no qual a edificação está inserida. As distribuições de pressão foram determinadas para relações geométricas em planta da torre, entre a altura e o diâmetro (h/d), para valores menores ou iguais a 10. Posteriormente, comparam-se os resultados numéricos obtidos na simulação através do ANSYS com os valores apresentados pela norma NBR-6123:1988, a fim de verificar a viabilidade da utilização da simulação numérica na obtenção das distribuições de pressão em outras estruturas. / The present work has for objective to obtain the distributions pressures values the wind actions in tower with circular section. The values of the distributions pressures are obtained to the numeric simulation, using the ANSYS 9.0 software and considering the flow structure interaction. In the numeric simulation, the tower geometry was considered in 3D dimension, and the flowed it is the air. The distributions pressures were certain for geometry relationships between the height and the diameter (h/d), for values smaller or equal than 10. Later, the ANSYS numeric results are compared with the presents values by the NBR 6123:1998, in order to verify the viability numeric simulation used for obtaining the pressures distributions in other structures.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:25:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-04-12Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:53:21Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 miranda_saz_me_arafcl.pdf: 465871 bytes, checksum: c11496e978d7b30c98ce1dc6ca61c355 (MD5) / Este marinheiro procura estabelecer pontos de diálogo entre o drama estático O Marinheiro, de Fernando Pessoa, e algumas de suas obras poéticas posteriores mostrando que, naquele, residem as sementes destas. Procura, também, fazer uma análise dos temas e dos postulados filosóficos que perpassam o drama estático, bem como da forma poética construída pelo Pessoa dramaturgo, deixando derivar dessa análise a comparação com sua poesia e seu multifacetado processo de criação. / This work aims to establish dialogue points between the static drama O Marinheiro, by Fernando Pessoa, and some of his later poetical works, showing that in the former are reside the similarities of the latters. It also aims to do an analysis of the themes and the philosophical postulates which pass the static drama like as the poetical form constructed by Pessoa dramatist, and from this analysis deflects a comparision with his poetic work, and his multifaceted process of creation.

Proposição: O presente trabalho propõe o estudo histológico descritivo da aplicação de um campo magnético sepultado, estático e permanente em área de enxerto ósseo alógeno liofilizado e dento-alveolar associada a defeito cirúrgico em mandíbulas de ratos. Metodologia: estudo experimental in vivo, randomizado. Amostra foi composta por 21 ratos, da espécie Rattus novergicus albinus, linhagem Wistar, machos, divididos em três grupos, correspondendo aos tempos experimentais de sete, 21 e 45 dias. Foram realizadas ostectomias associadas a odontossecções, na face lateral externa do corpo mandibular e no ramo ascendente, atingindo transversalmente a raiz do incisivo inferior e os ápices dos molares. Este defeito cirúrgico permitiu a adaptação de dispositivos metálicos magnetizados (grupo teste) e não magnetizados (grupo controle) associados às regiões apicais dos molares e ao coto distal do incisivo inferior, local este onde realizou-se enxertia óssea alógena liofilizada. A intensidade média do campo magnético sepultado e permanente foi de 250 gauss.Resultados: observou-se no grupo teste e controle, nos diferentes tempos experimentais a gradativa integração do enxerto ósseo alógeno liofilizado, a manutenção da vitalidade pulpar dos molares e coto proximal do incisivo inferior, além da contínua erupção do incisivo inferior do rato. Nos grupos teste, principalmente aos 45 dias, constatou-se uma diferenciada e exuberante neoformação óssea centrípeta em direção aos dispositivos metálicos imantados. Conclusão: o campo magnético sepultado in vivo foi capaz de favorecer o processo de cicatrização óssea no defeito cirúrgico criado. / Purpose: The present study provides a descriptive histological analysis of the use of a buried, static and permanent magnetic field in lyophilized bone allografts in a dentoalveolar area associated with surgical defects in rat mandibles. Method: a randomized in vivo experimental study was carried out with 21 male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus), which were split into three groups, corresponding to 7, 21 and 45 experimental days. Ostectomies associated with odontotomies were performed on the outer lateral face of the mandibular body and in the ascending branch, cross-sectionally to the root of the lower incisor and to the molar apices. This surgical defect allowed for the use of magnetized (test group) and non-magnetized (control group) metal devices associated with molar apices and with the distal stump of the lower incisor, where the lyophilized bone allograft was performed. The intensity of the buried and permanent magnetic field amounted to 250 gauss. Results: In the test and control groups, there was gradual integration of the lyophilized bone allograft, maintenance of pulp vitality of the molars and of the proximal stump of the lower incisor, in addition to continuous eruption of the lower incisor. In the test groups, especially at 45 days, there was distinct and pronounced centripetal new bone formation in a direction toward the magnetized metal devices. Conclusion: the in vivo buried magnetic field favored bone healing at the site of the surgical defect.

A extração e processamento de minério resultam na geração de elevadas quantidades de resíduos, cuja disposição gera impacto e risco ambiental. O lançamento direto em reservatórios contidos por diques consiste na forma mais comum de disposição dos resíduos de mineração em superfície. Estes diques podem ser construídos por alteamentos sucessivos a montante (upstream), prática desaconselhada em alguns países. Apesar de se tratar de um processo de baixo custo, o tipo de aterro a montante é uma operação de risco, pois a montante as barragens são sensíveis à liquefação e também porque a estabilidade das barragens pode ser ameaçada pelo excesso de poro pressão gerado dentro do depósito durante a construção. Para atender às exigências de projetos de áreas de disposição de resíduos é, portanto, fundamental entender o comportamento destes materiais. Resíduos exibem considerável variabilidade em suas características físicas, químicas e mineralógicas, que conferem um comportamento distinto dos geomateriais usualmente encontrados em depósitos naturais. Entre os diferentes resíduos destacam-se ouro e bauxita cuja prática de exploração no Brasil é revestida de considerável interesse econômico e ambiental. Nesta tese estes materiais são analisados a partir de uma extensa campanha de investigação geotécnica baseada em um programa de ensaios de laboratório destinados à caracterização destes resíduos e à definição de parâmetros constitutivos. Para fins comparativos são realizados ensaios com um material siltoso, porém inerte. A condutividade hidraúlica e compressibilidade dos resíduos foram obtidas através de ensaios oedométricos executados com estágios de carga e gradientes hidráulicos constantes. Ensaios triaxiais foram realizados com altos níveis de tensões de confinamento e distintas trajetórias de tensões, para a definição da linha do estado crítico e a identificação do comportamento destes materiais através de ensaios com Bender Elements. A análise dos resultados obtidos permitiu comparações entre a linha de consolidação oedométrica (LCO), a linha de consolidação isotrópica (LCI) e a linha do estado crítico (LEC) que definiram a resposta de liquefação estática do material. No espaço e - log (p´) o aparecimento de um comportamento instável alterou significativamente a inclinação da LEC com relação a LCI e a LCO. A mesma mudança de inclinação é observada tanto no parâmetro de estado como no módulo cisalhante do solo quando plotados contra a tensão efetiva média. Com base nessas evidências, é defendido que o LEC de resíduos de mineração é altamente não-linear, e servem como indicativo de três respostas distintas do solo: uma resposta estável quando LCO, LCI e a LEC exibem paralelismo, um comportamento meta-estável em baixas tensões de confinamento levando à liquefação e quebra de grãos para altas tensões de confinamento da amostra. O avanço nas pesquisas relativas à disposição de resíduos provenientes de indústrias de mineração com o conhecimento dos fenômenos que se processa, poderá evitar a ocorrência de ruptura de barragens, que teria como conseqüência desastres ambientais de grande impacto. / Production and deposition of mining tailings is a problem confronting geotechnical engineers given the dimension of tailings deposits and environmental risks. The direct launching of tailings in reservoirs contained by dikes consists in a common type of waste disposal. These dikes can be constructed by successive upstream embankments, a relatively simple and economical process adopted in some countries. Although it is a low cost process, the upstream embankment is an operation of great risk, especially because tailings are susceptible to liquefaction and also because the stability of the dams can be threatened by excess of pore pressures generated inside the deposit during construction. To meet design requirements of disposal of residues it is therefore essential to understand the behavior of these materials. Tailings show a considerable variability in their physical, chemical and mineral characteristics that confer a distinct behavior to the geo-materials usually found in natural deposits. The present work gives emphasis to gold and bauxite tailings that encompass substantial economic and environmental interest in Brazil. In the thesis, an extensive laboratory geotechnical investigation program is carried out in an attempt to characterize these residues and to establish design constituent parameters. For comparative purposes an inert silty material is also tested. Compressibility and hydraulic conductivity were measured in oedometer tests performed at constant load and constant hydraulic gradient tests. Triaxial tests were carried out at high stress levels and different stress paths in order to establish the position and shape of the critical state line. In addition measured with Bender Elements are evaluated. The results between the oedometer consolidation (OCL), isotropic consolidation (ICL) and critical sate (CSL) lines allowed the static liquefaction response to be directly assessed. In a e-log (p’) space, the onset of a meta-stable behaviour significantly changes the slope of the CSL relative to both ICL and OCL. The same change in slope is observed on both the state parameter and the small strain shear modulus measured by bender elements when plotted against mean stress. Based on these evidences it is advocated that the CSL of the tailing is highly non-linear in nature, which lead to three distinct soil responses: a stable response when OCL, ICL and CSL exhibit similar slopes, a meta-stable beahaviour at lower stress leading to liquefaction and a crushable response for higher mean stresses. Advanced research on tailings from mining industries with due recognition of the phenomena of liquefaction may prevent dam failure, and consequently may prevent major environmental disasters.

A crescente evolução das tecnologias de fabricação de circuitos integrados demanda o desenvolvimento de novas ferramentas de CAD. O desenvolvimento tradicional de circuitos digitais a nível físico baseia-se em bibliotecas de células. Estas bibliotecas de células oferecem certa previsibilidade do comportamento elétrico do projeto devido à caracterização prévia das células. Além disto,diferentes versões para cada célula são requeridas de forma que características como atraso e consumo sejam atendidos, aumentando o número de células necessárias em uma bilioteca. A geração automática de leiautes é uma alternativa cada vez mais importante para a geracão baseada em células. Este método implementa transistores e conexões de acordo com padrões que são definidos em algoritmos sem as limitações impostas pelo uso de uma biblioteca de células. A previsibilidade em leiautes gerado automaticamente é oferecida por ferramentas de análise e estimativa. Estas ferramentas devem ser aptas a trabalhar com estimativas do leiaute e gerar informações relativas a atraso, potência e área. Este trabalho inclui a pesquisa de novos métodos de síntese física e a implementação de um gerador automático de leiautes cujas células são geradas no momento da síntese do leiaute. A pesquisa investiga diferentes estratégias de disposição dos componentes (transistores, contatos e conexões) em um leiaute e seus efeitos na ocupação de área e no atraso e de um circuito. A estratégia de leiaute utilizada aplica técnicas de otimização de atraso pela integração com uma técnicas de dimensionamento de transistores. Isto é feito de forma que o método de folding permita diferentes dimensionamentos para os transistores. As principais características da estratégia proposta neste trabalho são: linhas de alimentação entre bandas, roteamento sobre o leiaute (não são utilizados canais de roteamento) e geração de leiautes visando a redução do atraso do circuito pela aplicação da técnica de dimensionamento ao leiaute e redução do comprimento médio das conexões. O fato de permitir a implementação de qualquer combinação de equações lógicas, sem as restrições impostas pelo uso de uma biblioteca de células, permite a síntese de circuitos com uma otimização do número de transistores utilizados. Isto contribui para a diminuição de atrasos e do consumo, especialmente do consumo estático em circuitos submicrônicos. Comparações entre a estratégia proposta e outros métodos conhecidos são apresentadas de forma a validar a proposta apresentada. / The evolution of integrated circuits technologies demands the development of new CAD tools. The traditional development of digital circuits at physical level is based in library of cells. These libraries of cells offer certain predictability of the electrical behavior of the design due to the previous characterization of the cells. Besides, different versions of each cell are required in such a way that delay and power consumption characteristics are taken into account, increasing the number of cells in a library. The automatic full custom layout generation is an alternative each time more important to cell based generation approaches. This strategy implements transistors and connections according patterns defined by algorithms. So, it is possible to implement any logic function avoiding the limitations of the library of cells. Tools of analysis and estimate must offer the predictability in automatic full custom layouts. These tools must be able to work with layout estimates and to generate information related to delay, power consumption and area occupation. This work includes the research of new methods of physical synthesis and the implementation of an automatic layout generation in which the cells are generated at the moment of the layout synthesis. The research investigates different strategies of elements disposition (transistors, contacts and connections) in a layout and their effects in the area occupation and circuit delay. The presented layout strategy applies delay optimization by the integration with a gate sizing technique. This is performed in such a way the folding method allows individual discrete sizing to transistors. The main characteristics of the proposed strategy are: power supply lines between rows, over the layout routing (channel routing is not used), circuit routing performed before layout generation and layout generation targeting delay reduction by the application of the sizing technique. The possibility to implement any logic function, without restrictions imposed by a library of cells, allows the circuit synthesis with optimization in the number of the transistors. This reduction in the number of transistors decreases the delay and power consumption, mainly the static power consumption in submicrometer circuits. Comparisons between the proposed strategy and other well-known methods are presented in such a way the proposed method is validated.

Managed lane strategies are innovative road operation schemes for addressing congestion problems. These strategies operate a lane (lanes) adjacent to a freeway that provides congestion-free trips to eligible users, such as transit or toll-payers. To ensure the successful implementation of managed lanes, the demand on these lanes need to be accurately estimated. Among different approaches for predicting this demand, the four-step demand forecasting process is most common. Managed lane demand is usually estimated at the assignment step. Therefore, the key to reliably estimating the demand is the utilization of effective assignment modeling processes. Managed lanes are particularly effective when the road is functioning at near-capacity. Therefore, capturing variations in demand and network attributes and performance is crucial for their modeling, monitoring and operation. As a result, traditional modeling approaches, such as those used in static traffic assignment of demand forecasting models, fail to correctly predict the managed lane demand and the associated system performance. The present study demonstrates the power of the more advanced modeling approach of dynamic traffic assignment (DTA), as well as the shortcomings of conventional approaches, when used to model managed lanes in congested environments. In addition, the study develops processes to support an effective utilization of DTA to model managed lane operations. Static and dynamic traffic assignments consist of demand, network, and route choice model components that need to be calibrated. These components interact with each other, and an iterative method for calibrating them is needed. In this study, an effective standalone framework that combines static demand estimation and dynamic traffic assignment has been developed to replicate real-world traffic conditions. With advances in traffic surveillance technologies collecting, archiving, and analyzing traffic data is becoming more accessible and affordable. The present study shows how data from multiple sources can be integrated, validated, and best used in different stages of modeling and calibration of managed lanes. Extensive and careful processing of demand, traffic, and toll data, as well as proper definition of performance measures, result in a calibrated and stable model, which closely replicates real-world congestion patterns, and can reasonably respond to perturbations in network and demand properties.

abstract: Web applications are an incredibly important aspect of our modern lives. Organizations and developers use automated vulnerability analysis tools, also known as scanners, to automatically find vulnerabilities in their web applications during development. Scanners have traditionally fallen into two types of approaches: black-box and white-box. In the black-box approaches, the scanner does not have access to the source code of the web application whereas a white-box approach has access to the source code. Today’s state-of-the-art black-box vulnerability scanners employ various methods to fuzz and detect vulnerabilities in a web application. However, these scanners attempt to fuzz the web application with a number of known payloads and to try to trigger a vulnerability. This technique is simple but does not understand the web application that it is testing. This thesis, presents a new approach to vulnerability analysis. The vulnerability analysis module presented uses a novel approach of Inductive Reverse Engineering (IRE) to understand and model the web application. IRE first attempts to understand the behavior of the web application by giving certain number of input/output pairs to the web application. Then, the IRE module hypothesizes a set of programs (in a limited language specific to web applications, called AWL) that satisfy the input/output pairs. These hypotheses takes the form of a directed acyclic graph (DAG). AWL vulnerability analysis module can then attempt to detect vulnerabilities in this DAG. Further, it generates the payload based on the DAG, and therefore this payload will be a precise payload to trigger the potential vulnerability (based on our understanding of the program). It then tests this potential vulnerability using the generated payload on the actual web application, and creates a verification procedure to see if the potential vulnerability is actually vulnerable, based on the web application’s response. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Computer Science 2017

abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of static pedagogical agents (included and excluded) and gamification practice (included and excluded) on vocabulary acquisition and perceptions of cognitive load by junior high students who studied Navajo language via computer-based instructional program. A total of 153 students attending a junior high school in the southwestern United States were the participants for this study. Prior to the beginning of the study, students were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups who used a Navajo language computer-based program that contained a combination of static pedagogical agent (included and excluded) and gamification practice (included and excluded). There were two criterion measures in this study, a vocabulary acquisition posttest and a survey designed both to measure students’ attitudes toward the program and to measure cognitive load. Anecdotal observations of students’ interactions were also examined. Results indicated that there were no significant differences in posttest scores among treatment conditions; students were, however, generally successful in learning the Navajo vocabulary terms. Participants also reported positive attitudes toward the Navajo language content and gamification practice and expressed a desire to see additional content and games during activities of this type. These findings provide evidence of the impact that computer-based training may have in teaching students an indigenous second language. Furthermore, students seem to enjoy this type of language learning program. Many also indicated that, while static agent was not mentioned, gamification practice may enhance students’ attitudes in such instruction and is an area for future research. Language learning programs could include a variety of gamification practice activities to assist student to learn new vocabulary. Further research is needed to study motivation and cognitive load in Navajo language computer-based training. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Educational Technology 2018

L'inclusion de requête est un problème bien étudié sur plusieurs décennies de recherche. En règle générale, il est défini comme le problème de déterminer si le résultat d'une requête est inclus dans le résultat d'une autre requête pour tout ensemble de données. Elle a des applications importantes dans l'optimisation des requêtes et la vérification de bases de connaissances. L'objectif principal de cette thèse est de fournir des procédures solides et com- plètes pour déterminer l'inclusion des requêtes SPARQL en vertu d'exprimés en axiomes logiques de description. De plus, nous mettons en œuvre ces procédures à l'appui des résultats théoriques par l'expérimentation. À ce jour, test d'inclusion de requête a été effectuée à l'aide de différentes techniques: homomorphisme de graphes, bases de données canoniques, les tech- niques de la théorie des automates et par une réduction au problème de la va- lidité de la logique. Dans cette thèse, nous utilisons la derniere technique pour tester l'inclusion des requêtes SPARQL utilisant une logique expressive appelée μ-calcul. Pour ce faire, les graphes RDF sont codés comme des systèmes de transitions, et les requêtes et les axiomes du schéma sont codés comme des formules de μ-calcul. Ainsi, l'inclusion de requêtes peut être réduit á test de validité de formule logique. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'identifier les divers fragments de SPARQL (et PSPARQL) et les langages de description logique de schéma pour lequelle l'inculsion est décidable. En outre, afin de fournir théoriquement et expériment- alement éprouvées procédures de vérifier l'inclusion de ces fragments décid- ables. Pas durer au moins mais, cette thèse propose un point de repère pour les solveurs d'inclusion. Ce benchmark est utilisé pour tester et comparer l'état actuel des solveurs d'inclusion. / Query containment is a well-studied problem spanning over several decades of research. Generally, it is defined as the problem of determining if the result of one query is included in the result of another query for any given dataset. It has major applications in query optimization and knowledge base verification. The main objective of this thesis is to provide sound and complete procedures to determine containment of SPARQL queries under expressive description logic axioms. Further, to support theoretical results by experimentation. To date query containment has been done using different techniques: containment mapping, canonical databases, automata theory techniques and through a reduction to the validity problem in logic. In this thesis, we use the later technique to address containment using an expressive logic called mu-calculus. In doing so, RDF graphs are encoded as transitions systems, and queries and schema axioms are encoded as mu-calculus formulae. Thereby, query containment can be reduced to validity test in the logic. The focus of this thesis is to identify various fragments of SPARQL (and PSPARQL) and description logic schema languages for which containment is decidable. Additionally, to provide theoretically and experimentally proven procedures to check containment of those decidable fragments. Last not but least, this thesis proposes a benchmark for containment solvers. This benchmark is used to test and compare the current state-of-the-art containment solvers.