The role of religion in status attainment process of native born American population has received adequate scholarly attention. However, not much is known about the religion-stratification link for US immigrants. Using the New Immigrant Survey (NIS) 2003, this dissertation examines the role of religious orientations and spiritual commitments on status attainment measures such as education, employment, and income among recent US immigrants. NIS is a nationally representative sample of recent US immigrants who receive permanent residency in year 2003. Results showed that immigrants' mobility patterns vary significantly by religious factors. Over all, findings of this dissertation supported hypotheses based on religious schemata and religious capital theory. Religious conservatism and higher pre-migration religious attendance were significant predictors of lower attainments. In contrast, the effects of post-migration religious attendance and church membership were found to negligible for the most part. Some gender differences were also noteworthy. Surprisingly, religious effects for men's attainment outcomes were more pronounced than women's. The limitations and the future directions for research in this area have also been discussed.

I use unique longitudinal data to examine, with greater detail than previously achieved by quantitative researchers, variation in parents' educational aspirations. More specifically, I examine the effects of background characteristics (including demographic, geographic, and socioeconomic origin characteristics), socioeconomic status characteristics, such as education attainment and household income, and social-psychological characteristics, such as locus of control, job-satisfaction, and subjective well-being, on parents' odds of having high educational aspirations for their children (i.e. wanting their children to attain a Graduate or Professional degree).

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Extracurricular activities have long been recognized as a socializing agent fostering subsequent life achievements and success orientations in the status attainment process. In particular, minorities and disadvantaged high school students who may not succeed in traditional academic classes benefit greatly from extracurricular activities, especially sports. In the case of basketball, young Black males are more likely to both participate in basketball as an extracurricular activity and pursue a career as a professional basketball player than their White peers, even to the detriment of their formal education. This thesis uses the Wisconsin Status-Attainment model as a framework for examining the extent to which the educational attainment of these young men affects their eventual occupational status (salary and career longevity), specifically a ten-year sample of first-round NBA draft picks. In the end, White players averaged more post-high school educational attainment than their Black counterparts, but the variable that affected salary and longevity was on-court performance. Although the educational attainment of these players did not directly affect how much they make and how long they play, the results presented here still provide insight into how young men are socialized into a NBA career trajectory.

The primary purpose of this study is to assess the extent to which educational expectations contribute to educational attainment for different subgroups of youth using a model of educational attainment that draws from two theoretical frameworks – status attainment theory and the expectancy-value theory of achievement motivation. This combined model of educational attainment posits that certain factors contribute to attainment, including SES, achievement, self-concept of ability, educational values, and educational expectations. A within-subject fixed-effects approach is used in all of the models tested to address issues of endogeneity. Empirical findings suggest that expectations may not influence attainment for African American youth and youth from low-SES families. In the present study, the relations of expectations for attending college to the amount of education attained are investigated for African American and White youth and for youth from high and low SES backgrounds. Although there is no evidence suggesting that expectations contribute to attainment differently for males and females, research suggests that the link between achievement and self-concept of ability may differ by gender. Overall, the data support the hypotheses that: a) educational expectations predict educational attainment for each subgroup assessed; and b) educational values and self-concept of ability are precursors of this relation. However, the association between achievement and self-concept of ability is not statistically different for males and females. The results of this study suggest that expectations are important for attainment irrespective of race, socio-economic status, and gender differences. Because such similarities have not previously been reported in the literature, this study makes a unique contribution and may serve as a guide for future investigation. / text

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For more than a half a century the role of education and its influence on social mobility and status attainment has been a subject of research. Further more, education has been shown to be an important contributor for success over the life course. Much of the research surrounding status attainment and higher education has dealt with the Baby Boomer cohort. The purpose of the study is to examine education from a perspective that is less talked about to this point. This study uses data gathered by the Pew Research Center and examines a specific age group, current 18-30 year olds (Millennials), to gather a better understanding of their attitudes towards the value of higher education within the current era of the economy, education, and job opportunity. According to the analysis, females report higher odds of feeling that a college degree is important to success later in life. Equally important, results indicate that Blacks have greater odds of perceiving education to be important for success in life. Results also demonstrated that in this particular study, other factors such as income and employment status did not significantly affect respondent's perceptions on the importance of education.

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本研究運用多元資料，自不同面向揭露臺灣原住民的遷徙樣貌，並連結遷徙與原住民個人社會地位取得的關連。藉遷徙多層次社會鑲嵌的特質，以解開原住民頻繁遷徙但並未對等呈現向上社會流動的弔詭。本研究同時檢視原住民族於臺灣大社會的位置，包含其空間分布、流動趨勢及其社會經濟地位。研究主要發現如下：（1）歷經卅年的遷移，原住民族大量移徙西半部，並集中在三大都會區，不同遷徙類型在各區域形成流動體系，以北部體系及東部體系擁有較大的遷徙流量；（2）原住民族較一般民眾更易集中在中低度現代化區域，主要係往都會區周邊移動，臺北縣與桃園縣對初級與連續遷徙有極大的拉力；（3）原住民族與一般民眾的遷徙模式相近，遷徙主要是朝鄰近區域與核心縣市移動，但原住民族重複遷徙行為較為獨特，連續遷徙與回流遷徙呈相反的流動；（4）自遷徙決策模型可發現，遷徙受多重因素影響，除工作要素外，家庭居住安排、生命階段的居住區位、區域性資本、社會網絡與遷徙成本及預算皆會影響其遷徙決策；長遠而言，遷徙有助於個人取得教育資源、提升社經地位，無力遷徙者與遷徙者間貧富差距逐漸拉大；（5）與理論預期相反，初級與回流遷徙對個人地位取得具正面效益，連續遷徙則為負向作用，此與原住民族社會網絡有限鑲嵌及累積資本困難所致；（6）隨著人口移動，原居地與移入地社群重組，原居地經歷了人口老化、祖孫家庭增加、傳統部落秩序瓦解，移入地蓬勃的制度化社群組織、族群聚落、同鄉會與協進會扮演都市原住民與原鄉的橋樑，遷徙所生成的脈絡亦將影響後續移動者的社會處境。奠基以上研究發現，提出政策建議與未來研究方向。 / Mainly based on a variety of data, this research aims to study several aspects of migration of Taiwan aborigines and to explore the association and causal relationship between migration and the advance of socioeconomic status. This study is originally inspired from an observed paradox that, according to the theoretical expectation and a body of existing empirical evidences, it has long been confirmed that migration is an effective means of promoting individual social mobility and lifetime wellbeing; nevertheless, the fact that the Taiwan aborigines are associated with lower socioeconomic status does not fit the fact of Taiwan aborigines being more mobile than the ordinary people. The purposes of this dissertation are (1) to characterize migration types and pattern of Taiwan aborigines, including spatial pattern, migration and mobility tendency and likelihood, and their social economic status, (2) to distinguish determinants of aborigine migration, and (3) to examine the outcome of migration whether it helps or stumbles the advance of aborigine’s socioeconomic status and mobility. Main findings are as follows: (1) in the past three decades, voluminous aborigines migrated to the western urbanized area, with the three major metropolitan areas of Taiwan as the major destination for aborigine migrants; it also forms migratory system in each area, with northern Taiwan and eastern Taiwan gaining the most number of migrants; (2) Although metropolitan areas serve as major destination for aborigine migrants, the study finds that they tend to concentrate more on the periphery than on the core area. Both counties of Taipei and Taoyuan are very attractive for primary and onward migrants; (3) the migration pattern of ordinary people is similar to that of aborigines. People usually tend to move to neighborhood and the core city. In addition, repeat migration is much more noteworthy than its primary counterpart, and onward migration is totally opposite to return migration; (4) The model of aboriginal migration indicates that migration is affected by various factors. The most salient ones include work status, living arrangement, attributes of residential location, location-specific capital, ethnic network, and availability of migration budget. Because migration help acquire educational resources and improve one’s socioeconomic status, the gap between migrants and people who are not capable of making migration will become exaggerated; (5) in opposition to theoretical expectation, primary and return migrations exhibit positive effect on the improvement of individual socioeconomic status, whereas onward migration should have negative effect. This finding is not counter to various schools of migration theory, rather, it reflects a result of limited embedded inter- and intra-ethnic network and barriers of capital accumulation; (6) migration affects both communities of origin and destination. Aging population, increasing grandparent-grandchild family, collapsing tribal authority become prevalent in original community; on the other hand, flourishing ethnic enclaves, associations, and institutionalized organizations connect urban and hometown in destination community. The context which migration results from is changed by migration itself and further affects the situation of subsequent migrants. According to empirical findings, the dissertation further suggests corresponding policy implications and proposes future research direction.