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ABSTRACT Title:                         Lucrative deals How service offers and its clients is forms by Optional Framing                 Level:                       Bachelor, Business Administration Author:                     Gabriel Krogius, Mikaela Sörensen Supervisor:              Jonas Kågström, department of economics Date:                         2013, August Introduction:           That the human mind may be directed by how an offer is designed is not news. However, what is new in the following thesis is whether a person is affected in the case of a service rather than, as previously research, a physical product. Does a person find it harder to separate with something rather than to add an option? Aim:                          The aim for this thesis is to examine how Optional Framing has affection on service offerings/companies, and in this case on real estate brokerage services. Is it, as earlier, when the human can form her own offer, the final price ends up higher when she is about to add options than removing them? Method:                    The thesis emanates to achieve earlier results where the difference in this case is that our thesis is targeting service offerings. It applies through a positivistic deductive method. The empirical data is collected from a quantitative sample of survey answers, where one part of the groups is faced to remove options from a deluxe-offer and the other part of the group is about to add options to a standard-offer. The survey was created with episodic support from a sample of interviews with active real estate agents. Discussion:               The thesis shows that earlier results approve within service companies and its offers, in this case real estate brokerage. We can interpret that the human mind is directed through Optional Framing and that the deluxe-offer ends with a higher price and more options to it than the standard-offer. The correlation analysis shows us connection between some of the offers services that can benefit real estate brokerage in the future. Future research:     We hope that foundations have been created for future research that can lead on to further understanding about the customers view on real estate brokerage services and how to make them more attractive. Contribution:           Real estate brokerage can benefit from the results in this thesis where they further can implement the work from comparison of theory and empirical.  Key words:              Loss Aversion, The Endowment Effect, Status Quo Bias and also Framing/Optional Framing.

De som förespråkar en ändring av det rådande läget (status quo), inom exempelvis politik, har visat sig vara mer påverkade av naiv realism än de som vill behålla status quo. Ytterligare studier visar att den politiska tillhörigheten kan vara av betydelse för hur påverkade av naiv realism dessa utmanare är. I två studier har det testats om naiv realism påverkas av positionen till status quo (utmana eller försvara) eller av den politiska tillhörigheten. I båda studier har en tydlig favorisering av den egna gruppen påträffats, samt att personer i utmanarposition gentemot status quo gjorde signifikant större skillnad mellan ingrupp och utgrupp än vad försvarare av status quo gjorde. Den politiska tillhörigheten visade sig inte vara av betydelse. En omarbetad version av enkäten väntas stärka resultaten ytterligare. Fortsatta studier inom området föreslås.

The main purpose of this essay is on one hand to try to find and explain the formula of success of the rock group Status Quo, and on the other to elucidate and explain the foundation and essence in the music made by Status Quo, but also to study how, if and why the foundation and essence have changed over the years. The method of investigation is partly based on a musical analysis of three albums from three different periods: Hello! (1973), Ain´t Complaining (1988) and Heavy Traffic (2002), and partly on a sociological study of the group’s career between 1962 and today, 2005. The first part of the essay concerns the period between 1962-1973 with an analysis of the album Hello!; the second part concerns the period 1974-1988 and the album Ain´t Complaining; finally, the third part concerns the years between 1989-2002 with an intensified analysis of the album Heavy Traffic. In the forth part of the essay I discuss the career of Status Quo from a sociological point of view. I run to the conclusion that the essence of Status Quo is the boogie-woogie comp on Fender guitar by Rick Parfitt, the riff on Francis Rossis´ Fender guitar in combination with the base, the piano and the drums. This has been the essence through all the years, even though it was more difficult to apprehend it during the 1980s. The group’s musical formula seems to be an introduction presented by a riff, a verbal verse and chorus. Then there is a guitar solo, where the song is stripped down to one or two instruments, only to be rebuilt before the last chorus and finally completed with an outroduktion. The simplicity is also a big part of the music of Status Quo and the main parts of the songs are based around three or four chords. I believe these aspects to be the basic foundations in the music made by Status Quo and have, depending on the fluctuations, remained the same during the four decades that Status Quo has been active. Due to lots of touring and heavy marketing Status Quo has become popular, and I believe that this popularity along with the musical foundation is the main formula for their success.

<p>The main purpose of this essay is on one hand to try to find and explain the formula of success of the rock group Status Quo, and on the other to elucidate and explain the foundation and essence in the music made by Status Quo, but also to study how, if and why the foundation and essence have changed over the years. The method of investigation is partly based on a musical analysis of three albums from three different periods: Hello! (1973), Ain´t Complaining (1988) and Heavy Traffic (2002), and partly on a sociological study of the group’s career between 1962 and today, 2005.</p><p>The first part of the essay concerns the period between 1962-1973 with an analysis of the album Hello!; the second part concerns the period 1974-1988 and the album Ain´t Complaining; finally, the third part concerns the years between 1989-2002 with an intensified analysis of the album Heavy Traffic. In the forth part of the essay I discuss the career of Status Quo from a sociological point of view.</p><p>I run to the conclusion that the essence of Status Quo is the boogie-woogie comp on Fender guitar by Rick Parfitt, the riff on Francis Rossis´ Fender guitar in combination with the base, the piano and the drums. This has been the essence through all the years, even though it was more difficult to apprehend it during the 1980s. The group’s musical formula seems to be an introduction presented by a riff, a verbal verse and chorus. Then there is a guitar solo, where the song is stripped down to one or two instruments, only to be rebuilt before the last chorus and finally completed with an outroduktion. The simplicity is also a big part of the music of Status Quo and the main parts of the songs are based around three or four chords. I believe these aspects to be the basic foundations in the music made by Status Quo and have, depending on the fluctuations, remained the same during the four decades that Status Quo has been active. Due to lots of touring and heavy marketing Status Quo has become popular, and I believe that this popularity along with the musical foundation is the main formula for their success.</p>

What is Chinese behaviour like in the International Labour Organization (ILO) - is China a Status Quo or a Revisionist Actor? Despite the prominence of the issue of China's rise in international relations studies, little research has been published on China's behaviour in international organizations in other realms than the economic. This thesis, therefore, seeks the answer to the posed question. Chinese statements are examined concerning forced and child labour, as well as other distinct themes, their structure and a potential underlying strategy. The findings are retrieved from an analysis of Chinese statements in sittings of ILO organs and checked against information provided in ILO reports to detect discrepancies. A major finding is that the overall behaviour of China in the ILO can categorized as reform-minded status quo, even though there are some factors which could be interpreted as revisionist tendencies. Due to this categorization, a continued peaceful rise of China is considered to be possible.

The statistical results of the field of Chinese FBG sensing technology were visualized by using patent analysis method and parsed the technology background of FBG sensors. Several statistics in 17 parameters system were completed, which include the current status, R&D teams, and application fields of the patents of FBG sensors. The statistical results indicate that the FGB sensing technology are currently in the development of the technology life cycle; the R&D focus concentrates on the sensor designing and sensor array system; college labs account the most R&D teams; the application field includes the composite and concrete structure monitoring, the performance monitoring of smart material, power industry, pharmaceutical industry, and chemical industry. With the gradual increase in R&D, gradually mature in technology, the FBG will in the mature of the technology life cycle; and wavelength demodulation device will be an significant direction of development of FBG sensing technology.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T13:46:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luis_Eduardo_Sandim_Benites_Dissetacao.pdf: 955885 bytes, checksum: 243b173fd728a61ef7fbcd06ebf54a21 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-11 / The framing of this study on the 1989 presidential elections was focused on the ideological speech construction of the candidates, Fernando Collor de Mello and Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva during the campaigning period between the first and the second election polis. The research was conducted after the observation of the pre-election political programs exhibited during the carge-free TV prime-time political features, which material was obtained from the DOXA IUPERJ (The Institute and its Communication Laboratory), a department of the UCAM/RJ (Universidade Cândido Mendes Rio de Janeiro). Some documents on the proposais presented by candidates. Which were located in the Getúlio Vargas Foundation (CP.DOC/FGV) Research and Documentation Center archives were also investigated. Some additionar data was obtained from copies of the veja magazine issues of that period and also from the historical literature pertaining to the José Sarney presidential administration. Then we tried to cast out the status quo condition during which both ideological discourses emerged. The analysis of discourse categories elaborated within the context of Ernesto Laclau's, Chantal Mouffe's, and their follower' also served as an instrument for the appropriation of the researched political events that shone upon that period. Among the discourse analysis elements operated along this study, the antagonism and the logical differences and equivalences can be mentioned, i. e., those mechanisms that allow for the verification on how the candidates respective ideological speecheswere constructed along that timeline. A few academic papers on populism that helped us in the role of mentors to straighten our own research approach perspective can also be pinpointed. Paramount among these was the categorization of the concept, people , as its construction makes up for essential data on the articulation of the demands concept, in the sense of constitutive elements of a social environment that may influence the build-up of a political discourse whenever jointly worked upon / A construção do estudo que se desenvolveu sobre as eleições presidenciais de 1989 teve, por foco, a constituição dos discursos dos candidatos Fernando Collor de Mello e Luís Inácio Lula da Silva, no período eleitoral compreendido entre o primeiro e segundo turnos do embate eleitoral. O trabalho de pesquisa foi realizado pela observação dos programas políticos eleitorais, exibidos no horário político eleitoral gratuito, obtido junto ao DOXA do IUPERJ (Laboratório de Comunicação e Instituto) da UCAM/RJ (UNIVERSIDADE CANDIDO MENDES RIO DE JANEIRO). Tiveram-se, por material de investigação, alguns documentos de propostas formuladas pelos candidatos, localizados nos arquivos do Centro de Pesquisa e Documentação da Fundação Getúlio Vargas (CPDOC/FGV). Da mesma forma, alguns dados sobre o tema foram obtidos em edições do período em pesquisa, junto a edições da revista Veja e da literatura histórica sobre o governo de José Sarney. Desse modo, procurou-se elencar as condições do status quo na qual os discursos emergiram. As análises, a partir de categorias discursivas elaboradas no contexto da teoria de Ernesto Laclau e Chantal Mouffe, dentre outros seguidores, também serviram de instrumento de apropriação dos eventos políticos pesquisados, incidentes naquele espaço de tempo. Dentre os instrumentos de análise discursiva que operacionalizaram este estudo, encontram-se o antagonismo e as lógicas da diferença e equivalência, mecanismos que possibilitam uma verificação de como o discurso vem a ser construído ao longo daquele espaço temporal. Ainda se pôde destacar os trabalhos acadêmicos sobre populismo, como mentores das perspectivas de abordagem da pesquisa. Com destaque à categoria povo , sua construção é um dado essencial na compreensão deste fenômeno político. Enseja, ainda, a articulação de demandas, sentidos que, constitutivos de um meio social, podem resultar na formação de um discurso, quando trabalhados conjuntamente.

The Covid-19 pandemic and the Swedish strategy when dealing with the crisis, have shown that a status quo bias can be highly damaging for bioethical decision-making. The pandemic presented a situation of high levels of uncertainties, where incomparable values such as health and freedom, were being put against each other. Because of this, mathematically oriented utility calculations or maximin principles such as the Precautionary Principle, recommended by the Swedish Corona-Commission, were not applicable. This I conclude since the Precautionary Principle cannot be applied when the outcomes of different alternatives are not comparable in value-terms. To answer the question of what signifies good bioethical decisionmaking during a crisis, risk and uncertainties I therefore present a five-step Crisis Checklist intended to give an overview of what a bioethical decision should entail. / Covid-19 pandemin, och den svenska strategin för att hantera krisen, har visat att ett status quo bias kan vara mycket skadligt för bioetiskt beslutsfattande. Pandemin utgjorde en situation med höga nivåer av osäkerhet, där ojämförbara värden så som hälsa och frihet ställdes mot varandra. På grund av detta var matematiskt orienterade nyttoberäkningar eller maximin principer så som Försiktighetsprincipen, rekommenderad av den svenska Coronakommissionen, inte applicerbara. Detta eftersom Försiktighetsprincipen inte är applicerbar när resultaten av de olika handlingsalternativen inte är jämförbara i värde-termer. För att besvara frågan om vad som utmärker bra bioetiskt beslutsfattande i en kris, under risk och osäkerhet presenterar jag därför en fem-stegs kris-checklista i syfte att ge en överblick till vad ett bioetiskt beslut bör innefatta.