This research aims to examine if a negative relationship exists between the dividend yield and stock price volatility of firms listed on the Swedish Stock exchange market, which is of utter interest and intrinsic for investors and financial analyst in the process of valuing a security’s and a stock portfolio's risk and return. The data that was utilized for this study consists of 52 companies for the period of 2010 to 2019 which makes up for 520 observations. A pooled regression model and a multiple ordinary least squares model was applied to test the relationship. The results show a negative relationship between the dividend yield and stock price volatility. On the other hand, the results indicate that there is a significant positive relationship between earnings volatility and stock price volatility. However, there is a negative relationship for leverage, market value and asset growth with stock price volatility.

Much has been written during the past decade to explain the relationship between financial and operating leverage and stock-price volatility. However, the relationship between combined leverage and stock-price volatility has yet to be fully explored. Mandelker and Rhee's (MR) recent study uses both operating and financial leverage in a regression (equivalent to the traditional total leverage—DTL) and shows that both types of leverage are positively associated with common stock betas. Huffman recently demonstrated that there are interactions between operating leverage and financial leverage. Therefore, MR's model could be oversimplified. This study examines the relationship between firms' combined leverage and their stock-price volatility. The study also examines industry and industry growth to see if the relationship is influenced by these factors. The question is whether DOCL is a better risk measure than DTL and whether there is an interaction between operating and financial leverage. The inferences that can be drawn from the study's results are as follows: (a) Stock risk is a function of combined leverage; (b) Industry significantly influences the relationship between stock risk and DOCL; (c) High growth increases the relationship between stock risk and DOCL; (d) Combined leverage (DOCL) is a better risk measure than total leverage (DTL). Further, the problem with the traditional total leverage measure is the omission of the interaction between DOL and DFL. This is consistent with Huffman's theory and suggests Mandelker and Rhee's model is oversimplified.

The objective of this research is to analyse if there is a negative relationship between dividend policy and stock price volatility in the German stock market.  The data that was collected for this research consists of the 30 biggest companies listed on the German stock exchange Deutscher Aktienindex known as DAX 30 for the period 2000-2020. Fixed effect model estimated by panel data was applied to find the results of this research. The findings showed that the main variables of dividend policy (dividend yield and payout ratio) were negatively significant correlated with stock price volatility which provides evidence for our hypothesis. The results showed that the control variable earnings volatility had a positive significant relationship with stock price volatility. However, asset growth resulted in an insignificant relationship but the rest of the control variables such as leverage, market value and free float percentage showed a significant negative relationship with stock price volatility.

The strive towards sustainability and its singular importance for all creatures on Earth has become the rallying cry of a generation. It has permeated into legislation, social practices, and the world of business. As companies start to implement increasingly more sustainable practices to meet these expectations placed on them by various stakeholders, a potential ‘conflict’ arises. One proxy for sustainability is the Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) measurement. This can give stakeholders an insight into how sustainable a given company is. It has also become quite prevalent in modern research. However, one field of business is seemingly under-researched; namely the mining industry. Taking an inter-supply chain perspective, dichotomized into upstream and downstream companies, it can be inferred that mining companies are seen to be upstream.  On the one hand, these upstream companies are far from the public consciousness and thus potentially outside the sphere of influence of the strive towards sustainability. On the other hand, if these companies are publicly traded, reports placing a given company in a negative light could potentially set a downward pressure on that company’s stock price; conceptualized as volatility. This causes a series of questions: Is this the case for upstream companies? Is it the case for downstream companies as well? Is there a difference between up- and downstream companies? From this, one arrives at the following research question: Is there a difference in the association between ESG scores and price volatility among North American mining companies and companies listed on the S&P 500?  To answer this research question, an empirical positivist study is undertaken. OLS regressions are made on the data and then the difference in coefficients is tested for significance. The results suggest a positive association between ESG score and price volatility for North American mining companies which is statistically different from the association in a similar regression for companies listed on the S&P 500. This result is further placed within the theoretical framework of stakeholder and agency theory. This study contributes by applying established methodologies in an under-researched field and illuminating the effect of heterogeneous expectations on different levels of global supply chains.

Reporting regarding issues that are related to Corporate Social Responsibility have come into more and more focus lately. Most countries currently have a limited or no mandatory regulations regarding what should be included in either an annual report or in a stand-alone report in terms of CSR. However Denmark is one of the pioneers regarding mandatory CSR regulations and as such has certain rules and regulations that their companies have to follow. Even if today’s regulations are heavily focused on financial information that companies have to disclose there also exists regulations regarding non-financial information. As with the financial crisis that occurred in the early 21st century that led to stricter disclosures requirements for financial information we see a need for regulating non-financial information and especially CSR information. We have been able to see that some companies have been able to manipulate their CSR report so as to put themselves in a good light. Therefore the question arises if mandatory CSR disclosure will have any influence on the stock market.The purpose of this study was to examine if Swedish companies and the Swedish stock market could benefit from having mandatory CSR regulations, similar to those that exist in Denmark. We sought to examine if fulfilling certain amount of CSR criteria would reduce the volatility of a company’s stock price.In order for us to achieve the purpose of our research we had to conduct an experiment on the Swedish companies. In order for us to conduct the experiment we firstly had to select what type of research we would conduct and what type of research was most suitable for our research. In order for us to achieve an answer to our research question and to be able to fulfill the purpose of our research we decided to conduct a quantitative research. We have chosen to utilize the quantitative research approach as this would allow gathering sufficient data from existing databases and reports. The database that we chose to utilize in order for us to find our sample population was NASDAQ OMX Nordic where the companies had be listed as of 2015-03-31 as well as having financial data for the entire year of 2014, meaning between 2014-01-01 and 2014-12-31. NASDAQ OMX Nordic was also used in order for us to find market indexes. In order for us to able to answer our research question we developed three different hypotheses based on our theoretical framework that would later be tested.From the testing of our hypotheses we could determine that there is a relationship between the amount of CSR that a company reports, in terms of how many of our CSR criteria they fulfill, and the historical volatility of the company’s stock price. We were also able to determine that there exists a relationship between the amount of CSR that a company reports and the level of Beta that a company has. This implied that the Swedish stock market could benefit from mandatory CSR regulation as it would reduce the volatility which would also be beneficial for the company’s different stakeholders.

無 / This study establishes a model of the stock market involving the rational speculators to investigate whether the imposition of tax on capital gains can reduce the market volatility. The finding is that the effect of tax on the stock price volatility varies according to the types of shocks hitting the market. In the cases of the issuing shock and the dividend shock, raising the tax rate could be a way to stabilize the stock market. On the contrary, when the margin-rate shock occurs, it tends to magnify the effect of the shock and therefore increases the market volatility. Thus, it could be concluded that an increase in the tax rate may increase or decrease the stock price volatility depending on the type of unexpected shocks.

Background: Investors around the globe have debated, for more than 40 years, about whether the dividend yield has an influence on a stock’s price or not. There are different theories supporting both sides. These theories, however, often simplify the real world and therefore may not apply fully. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to conduct empirical research on the complicated dividend policy topic and find out whether the dividend yield influences a stock’s price by testing for its effect on stock price volatility. This result finds evidence of whether investors disregard, or regard, any dividend payments and if it influences investors decisions when purchasing stock. Method: We take the top valued companies in the non-financial sector from the LSE and the Euronext between the years 2008 and 2017. We then run a Fixed Effect Model regression taking some of their reported values including their dividend yield and their stock price volatility. Conclusion: Our results indicate that the dividend yield a company pays stockholders has a positive influence on the stock price volatility, thus affecting the prices of stocks. These results counter the MM Theorem and are inconclusive with the main principles of the Bird in Hand Theorem by Gordon (1960) and Lintner (1962).

This study discusses about the relationships between the qualities of collateralized shares by the broad of directors and the bank performance. In this study, we focus on the quantitative indicators of collateralized shares. Base on individual collateralization data, we build up the sets of the loans permitted by banks. In additon, this study is based on the multiple regression model to find out the relationships between the qualities of the collateral loans and the bank performance. By the conclusion, this study tries to give some advice to the banks about measuring the loans with collateralized shares. There are few conclusion of this study: 1. The stocks with higher price volatility are not good collaterals. The banks which have the loan with the collaterals with higher price volatility usually have bad proformance. The banks should pay attension to this indicator. 2. The collaterals are better with high ¡¥market price-to-book value¡¦. 3. By literature review, the higher proportion of collateralized shares by the broad of directors, the shares seem to be the worse collaterals for the banks. However, in this study, we find out some trade-off relationship between the profit and the risk in measuring this indicator.