Streamed media is becoming more and more a part of our daily lives and companies like Netflix is competing with linear television for consumers. It is hard to deny that there is a shift in the media industry and streamed media is progressing, within the last three years the number of subscribers has almost been doubled. With this in mind it is both interesting and necessary to study motives and content in users to gain a better understanding of this yet very little explored phenomenon that is streamed media. This report contains a qualitative study of motives behind the use of streamed media and how the content affects our choice of streaming service. We interviewed seven young adults between the ages of 21-26 at the Linneaus University in Kalmar. The result suggests that the user’s motives and the content depend on economy and generation factors, such as social situation and personal interests.

<p>In our study, we investigated how the streamed TV domain relates to existing design principles for web design. Further, we have investigated whether there are specific characteristics of the domain that the design principles do not cover. In the survey we have studied two sites which are representative of the streamed TV domain. Finally, we discuss how applicable the design principles are for the domain and the specific characteristics that would require new or further developed design principles.</p> / <p>I vår studie har vi undersökt hur domänen streamad-TV förhåller sig till befintliga designprinciper för webbdesign. Ytterligare har vi undersökt om det finns specifika egenskaper för domänen som inte omfattas av någon designprincip. I undersökningen har vi studerat två webbplatser vilka är representativa för domänen streamad-TV. Slutligen diskuterar vi hur applicerbara designprinciperna är på domänen och vilka specifika egenskaper som skulle behöva nya eller vidareutvecklade designprinciper.</p>

In our study, we investigated how the streamed TV domain relates to existing design principles for web design. Further, we have investigated whether there are specific characteristics of the domain that the design principles do not cover. In the survey we have studied two sites which are representative of the streamed TV domain. Finally, we discuss how applicable the design principles are for the domain and the specific characteristics that would require new or further developed design principles. / I vår studie har vi undersökt hur domänen streamad-TV förhåller sig till befintliga designprinciper för webbdesign. Ytterligare har vi undersökt om det finns specifika egenskaper för domänen som inte omfattas av någon designprincip. I undersökningen har vi studerat två webbplatser vilka är representativa för domänen streamad-TV. Slutligen diskuterar vi hur applicerbara designprinciperna är på domänen och vilka specifika egenskaper som skulle behöva nya eller vidareutvecklade designprinciper.

VR gaming is an emerging market with relatively new technology when compared to PC and console gaming. Streamed VR gaming is when the VR game is being streamed from another device to the VR headset. This experiment will show how the VR hardware and software performs under network constraints such as RTT and packet loss for streamed VR gaming specifically. User QoE (quality of experience) will be gathered and compiled into MOS (mean opinion score) for later use in graphs to determine negative trends. All collected data will also be sent to the Infovista technical team so they can make theoretical models on how user QoE is affected by network conditions. This thesis will show how the QoS (quality of service) factors, such as latency and packet loss, impact the users overall QoE and the VR headsets FPS. Before the subjective experiment could begin a testbed was chosen and setup, a VR game was decided on, and a streaming service was tested on. During the experiment the game Serious Sam VR: The Last Hope was played and NVIDIA’s CloudXR streaming service was used. The testbed setup consisted of two PCs, one router, one access point, a tablet used for user reviews, and a VR headset with two handheld controllers. The software program ALTRUIST was used for managing the user data and applying the desired network conditions such as latency. Each user experiment tested 28 different network conditions with varying values of RTT (round trip time), Packet loss, RTT with packet loss, and RTT with random jitter. 30 users were gathered for the actual experiment where the Calendly application was used to manage the user appointments. The results consisted of objective and subjective data gathered during the experiments. From the objective data it could be determined that RTT primarily affects the FPS in the VR headset. Packet loss affected the FPS but to a minor degree compared to RTT. RTT of 175 ms received an average FPS of 53 while 24% packet loss yielded approximately 65 FPS. Random jitter had close to no impact on the FPS according to the results. The subjective data suggests that RTT of 75 ms and below yields a good user MOS and RTT of 175 ms gives an acceptable user MOS at 3 out of 5. Packet loss of 6% and below gives a good user MOS while 12% and above results in poor MOS. RTT with random jitter performs average to poorly with Standard deviation of 3 and above, for low RTT values. For future experiments it is advisableto use ALTRUIST or a similar software to help the researcher during the experiment.

<p>The live streaming of child sexual abuse is a serious problem that demands urgent attention from law enforcement, legislature, and the platforms that it occurs on. While child sexual exploitation and abuse crimes have been occurring for decades, the growing number of internet users combined with the recent Covid-19 outbreak has shifted a lot of these crimes online. Crimes that occur over live streams are particularly difficult to investigate. Previous research has highlighted four main types of challenges associated with these types of cases: legislative, social, technical, and investigative. While studies have been conducted that explored these challenges individually, this study fills a research gap by exploring which of these challenges affect law enforcement personnel that work live-streamed child sexual abuse cases post-Covid-19. For this study, an anonymous online survey was sent out to law enforcement individuals and agencies nationwide. The survey was actively distributed for one month. Out of the 29 responses received, 13 participants qualified to take the survey and were asked about the challenges they faced working these types of cases and about any solutions to these challenges. After collecting the data, descriptive statistics identified the challenges, and a thematic analysis was conducted. Following a grounded theory process, the analysis identified five main themes that encompassed multiple types of challenges and solutions. These themes were: a lack of consensus, education, the role of application service providers and platforms, a need for better technology, and out-of-jurisdiction challenges. These themes explored in-depth the participants’ responses and further identified the challenges facing law enforcement that work live-streamed child sexual abuse cases, as well as any current solutions to these challenges. Two main challenges frequently mentioned by the participants were end-to-end encryption and anonymizing services, and one of the main solutions to many of the challenges was the education of parents, children, and legislators. For future research, the author recommends exploration of the following topics: the investigation of the factors that play strong roles in determining the time it takes to investigate live-streamed child sexual abuse cases, research related to how AI could assist law enforcement working these cases, further exploration of a framework for the education of parents and children about social media usage and the risks of live streaming, how social platforms can be used in many ways, and research that examines how often law enforcement encounters live-streamed child sexual abuse cases/whether these cases are common or not. </p>

Denna studie undersöker olika svenska aktörers arbete mot live-streamade sexuella övergrepp på filippinska barn samt deras syn på ansvarstagande gällande fall där svenska förövare begår detta brott. Det finns fyra svenska rättsfall där svenska män dömts för att ha beställt, regisserat och bevittnat sexuella övergrepp på barn i dagsläget. I dokumentärer och radioprogram som lyfter problematiken framkommer att dessa övergrepp sker i det dolda (på internet) och att det därmed finns ett stort mörkertal som innebär att övergreppen fortsätter att ske och att barnen riskerar att inte få rätt stöd och hjälp. Syftet med studien är därför att bidra med fördjupad kunskap inom området genom att undersöka huruvida svenska frivillighetsorganisationer samt myndigheter anser att deras arbete är tillräckligt eller behöver utvecklas. Det empiriska materialet bygger på fem intervjuer med ett urval av svenska myndigheter och frivilligorganisationer, där en aktör befinner sig på Filippinerna. Studien har en kvalitativ och induktiv ansats där resultatet analyseras utifrån Ludwig von Bertalanffys generella systemteori samt tidigare relevant forskning. Resultatet visar att informanterna anser att svenska aktörer har ett stort internationellt ansvar för de filippinska barn som blir utsatta för live-streamade övergrepp då förövarna är svenska. Två informanter menar att Sverige inte gör tillräckligt för dessa barn i nuläget. Samtidigt menar vissa informanter att ansvaret slutar någonstans och att Filippinernas egna aktörer behöver ta vid då vissa insatser inte anses kunna skötas från Sveriges håll. Resultatet visar även att nya idéer och resurser krävs för att de ska kunna uppfylla dessa ambitioner samt att det finns många utmaningar som försvårar och stoppar utvecklingen av arbetet. Empirin presenterar också möjligheter inom arbetet och förslag på nödvändiga åtgärder. I en avslutade diskussion lyfter vi fram bristen på ett barnfokus hos svenska aktörer samt några tankar kring vad detta kan bero på. Vi diskuterar även konsekvenserna av svenska rättsliga insatser för barnen och huruvida dessa gynnar eller skadar barnet. Avslutningsvis redovisar vi önskemål för framtida forskning inom området. / This study examines the work of various Swedish organizations regarding live-streamed sexual abuse of Filipino children and their view on responsibility for cases where Swedish perpetrators commit the crimes. There are four Swedish court cases where Swedish men have been convicted of this crime and documentaries and radio programs now highlight this problem. It appears that the crime is hidden, because it takes place on the internet, and for this reason there is a large number of hidden statistics that makes it difficult to protect and support the vulnerable children. The aim of this study is therefore to contribute with deeper knowledge in the area by examining whether Swedish non-governmental organizations and governmental authorities believe that their work is sufficient or needs to be developed. The empirical material is based on five interviews with a selection of Swedish authorities and non-governmental organizations. The study has a qualitative and inductive approach where the results are analyzed based on Ludwig von Bertalanffy's general systems theory and previous research. The result shows that the informants believe that Swedish actors have a great international responsibility for the Filipino children who are exposed to live-streamed abuse when the perpetrators are Swedish. Two informants believe that Sweden is not doing enough for these children at this moment. At the same time, some informants believe that their responsibility ends somewhere and that the Philippine government and non-governmental organizations have their responsibility. The result also shows that new ideas and resources are required for them to be able to fulfill these ambitions and that there are many challenges that stop the development of their work. The empiric also presents opportunities within the work and proposals for necessary measures for the future. Concluding in the discussion we highlight the lack of child focus among the work of Swedish governmental and nongovernmental organizations and what we believe is the reason for this. We also discuss the consequences of Swedish legal efforts for the children, such as damages, and whether these consequences benefit or harm the children. Finally, we come with suggestions for future research within the area.