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Análise do comportamento de torres de aço estaiadas sob a ação do vento / Analysis of the behavior of steel guyed towers under the action of windGuimarães, Eduardo Henrique 14 August 2008 (has links)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The main objective of this work is to analyze the behavior of guyed towers of different
heights, subject to the following solicitations: wind loads, dead weight, and prestress of
the stays. The study was done in order to better understand the influence of some static
and dynamic parameters in these structures. Guyed towers are structures that are utilized
in several applications, such as, for instance, transmission towers. Besides determining
the best quantity, disposition, and inclination angle of the stays for these systems, it was
verified the influence of different methods used to calculate wind loads in the following
results: Von Mises stresses, forces on the stays, and the resulting displacement. The
methods used were the ones mentioned in the Brazilian Standards NBR6123/1988, and
in order to calculate the wind loads acting on the tower, algorithms in MATLAB® were
implemented. The tower masts were designed using the admissible stress method. For
the three-dimensional models in finite elements and their analysis, were elaborated
APDLs (ANSYS Parametric Design Language) the structural systems, in such away to
optimize the time spent on the modeling and to reduce possible source of uncertainty.
The results analysis consists in evaluating the sensitivity of the design variables in terms
of: Von Mises stresses, forces on the stays, and resulting displacements. Also, modal
analyses were done to verify the influence of the support conditions on the base of the
mast on the natural frequencies of the structure. The obtained results showed that the
inclination angle of the stays with respect to the mast can be reduced, propitiating an
area reduction occupied by the tower. It was also observed, that the resulting
displacements of these structures are more sensitive to the studied parameters than the
stresses and the forces on the stays. The studies done and the obtained results show a
better understanding of the structural and the dynamic behaviors of this type of
structure. / Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar o comportamento de torres estaiadas de diferentes
alturas. Estas estão sujeitas as solicitações de vento, peso próprio e pré-tensão nos estais. Foi
feito um estudo com a finalidade de conhecer a influência de determinados parâmetros na
resposta estática e dinâmica dessas estruturas. Torres estaiadas são estruturas utilizadas em
diversas aplicações, como por exemplo, em torres de transmissão. Além, de determinar a
quantidade, disposição e ângulo de inclinação ótimos dos estais para esses sistemas, verificouse
ainda, a influência dos modelos de cálculo das solicitações de vento, sugeridos pela NBR
6123/1988, nas tensões de Von Mises, esforços nos estais e deslocamentos resultantes nas
estruturas. Os mastros das torres foram dimensionados utilizando o método das tensões
admissíveis. As solicitações advindas da atuação do vento nas torres foram obtidas através de
algoritmos implementados em MATLAB®, utilizando os vários modelos de cálculo
apresentados na norma brasileira. Para modelagem tridimensional em elementos finitos e
realização das análises, foram elaboradas rotinas em linguagem APDLs (ANSYS Parametric
Design Language) para os sistemas estruturais, de maneira a parametrizar os modelos e
otimizar o tempo gasto na modelagem. Foi realizada uma análise para avaliar a sensibilidade
de determinadas variáveis de projeto tais como, quantidade, posicionamento e ângulo de
inclinação dos estais, em termos de tensões de Von Mises, esforços nos estais e
deslocamentos resultantes. Ademais, foram realizadas análises modais para verificar a
influência das condições de contorno da base do mastro sobre as freqüências naturais da
estrutura. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que o ângulo de inclinação dos estais com relação
ao mastro pode ser reduzido, propiciando uma redução da área ocupada pela torre. Observouse
também, que os deslocamentos resultantes dessas estruturas são mais sensíveis aos
parâmetros estudados do que as tensões e os esforços nos estais. Os estudos realizados e os
resultados obtidos levam a uma melhor compreensão do comportamento estrutural e dinâmico
desse tipo de estrutura. / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
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Etude de la place et de la fonction des éléments supposés tardifs du livre d'Amos : contribution à la lecture de type synchronique du livre d'Amos / Study of the place and the function of the late supposed elements of the book of Amos : contribution to the reading of synchronic type of the book of AmosKolani, Bakimani 04 February 2017 (has links)
Les deux premiers chapitres de cette étude mettent en exergue les raisons pour lesquelles des biblistes sont de plus en plus convaincus que lire ce corpus, dans sa forme actuelle, comme un tout reste la voie la mieux indiquée pour cerner son message. Le premier chapitre montre que les exégètes partisans de l’approche diachronique tentent de justifier son organisation par la reconstitution hypothétique des ipsissima verba d’Amos. Ils morcellement ce corpus en de petits fragments indépendants, dévalorisent neuf de ses passages, perçus comme secondaires et ré-disposent, à leur guise, ceux supposés mal placés. Le second chapitre relève que ces mêmes passages empêchent les partisans de l’approche synchronique de s’accorder sur sa structuration d’ensemble et incitent des commentateurs à alléguer que ce livre est désordonné. Les trois derniers chapitres étudient les neuf passages souvent perçus comme secondaires et disparates. Ils montrent que ces textes sont accordés à leurs contextes et que leur présence est essentielle à l’équilibre littéraire et théologique du livre. Cette étude dévoile que ce corpus est cohérent et doté d’une stratégie littéraire unifiante. / The two first chapters of this present study examines underlines the reasons for which biblical scholars are more and more convinced that read the corpus as a whole, in its present form, remains the best way to understand it message. The first chapter demonstrates that the commentators who advocate a diachronic approach sought and continue to justify the composition of this book by the hypothetical reconstitution of the “ipsissima verba” of Amos. They often divide the text into numerous small independent fragments; sacrificing nine passages perceived as secondary and out of place and arranges certain of them as they think fit. The second chapter demonstrates that these same passages prevent the followers of the synchronic approach agreeing on a structure capable of proving that this corpus is a very sophisticated work. The three last chapters study the nine passages often considered secondary and disparate. They show that these passages are in harmony with their contexts and their presence is essential to the literary and theological balance of the book. This study reveals de facto that, this corpus is a well-organized book with a unifying literary strategy.
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