Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston University / This study attempts to develop a data gathering device to identify significant characteristics of the elementary school pupil population and school community to provide a basis for evaluating the elementary school. Probably the best known example of an instrument used to evaluate a school has been accomplished in the secondary field. The Cooperative Study of Secondary School Standards was organized in 1933 by representatives appointed by the six regional associations of the United States.

As the nation’s schools continue to increase in diversity, teachers are faced with numerous challenges regarding how to meet the needs and strengths of diverse student populations. In addition, small, rural schools tend not only to lack in resources, but may not be adequately prepared to understand student backgrounds, unable to support diverse learners' social and cultural well-being, especially those consisting of a homogenous, Caucasian staff. This qualitative case study examined one small, rural school’s response to a changing demographic, particularly in its Latino student population. Specific attention was given to teachers' attitudes, views, and perceptions regarding their Latino student learners. Faculty members' interviews served as the primary data collection method coupled with an examination of current school documents and notes from a researcher's journal. The three data collection methods provided insight into the research questions: 1) how does a small, rural school respond to its changing demographic, particularly in its Latino student population?; and 2) What are the views, perceptions, and attitudes of staff members regarding the school's Latino student population? The major findings suggest that the school displayed evidence of increased support in The major findings suggest that the school displayed evidence of increased support in resources are still necessary to effectively meet the needs and strengths of diverse learners within the school. At times, the evidence revealed teachers not taking responsibility of diverse learners' needs and strengths, placing blame on outside factors. Additionally, faculty members offered many examples of students' needs, but had difficulty identifying students' strengths. Staff members held narrowed views of what inhibited student learning and did not possess a thorough understanding of culturally responsive teaching practices. Also, teachers' and administrators' views varied from those they perceived of their colleagues; and lastly, generalizations latent with pity were evident in some responses. The results of the research contribute to the contemporary literature regarding teacher belief systems regarding diverse learners, how they perceive students of color, and how understanding these perceptions might help educators devise practices that will more successfully meet diverse learners' needs and strengths. Current research lacks in teacher perspectives; this research intends to add to the existing dialogue. / text

Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:50:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-03-25 / Os objetivos deste trabalho foram a observação da prevalência das dermatoses encontradas e a comparação dos dois tipos de instituição com os dados encontrados na pesquisa de literatura concernente e foi escolhida uma parcela da população estudantil de primeiro grau na cidade de Santo André, no ABC paulista, para a pesquisa da prevalência de dermatoses encontradas em escolares frequentando o primeiro grau de escolas públicas e particulares. Esta pesquisa foi do tipo perfil populacional, numa amostra de 200 crianças, na faixa etária de 7 a 14 anos, todas elas apresentando termo de consentimento assinado por seus pais ou responsáveis, e foram excluídas crianças fora da faixa etária mencionada, assim como adolescentes gestantes e crianças cujos pais ou responsáveis se negaram a assinar o termo de compromisso. Em todas as crianças foi feito um exame dermatológico completo, no próprio ambiente escolar, em salas adaptadas com a privacidade exigida para tal exame. Os resultados foram avaliados seguindo os parâmetros de tipo de instituição, nível escolar, gênero, raça, fototipo e diagnóstico. Em relação ao nível escolar, predominaram os alunos de segunda e quinta séries. Quanto ao gênero, houve um predomínio do feminino (53%) sobre o masculino (47%). Ocorreu predomínio da raça branca (85%) em relação às demais raças, sem diferença estatística significante entre os dois tipos de instituição. No item diagnóstico, 25 crianças (12,5%) não apresentaram lesão dermatológica, sendo classificadas como pertencentes ao grupo “eudermia”. Das outras 175 crianças que apresentavam dermatoses (87,5%), 82% pertenciam às escolas particulares e 93% às escolas públicas. Dentro ainda do item dermatoses, houve predomínio do grupo considerado “inflamatórias” nas escolas públicas e um predomínio das “neoplasias benignas” nas escolas particulares. Quanto ao tipo específico de dermatose, houve prevalência maior de nevus melânicos nas escolas particulares, seguida de acne e, nas escolas públicas, a prevalência foi maior de pitiríase alba, livedo reticular e asteatose, chamando a atenção para a onicofagia, sendo ela a quarta afecção mais encontrada, em ambos os tipos de instituição. / A part of a student population was chosen in the city of Santo André (São Paulo State, Brazil), in order to inquire the amount and the sort of dermatosis found in scholars attending the first grade among private and public schools. In consequence, the aim of this work was the observation of the incidence and prevalence of dermatosis comparing the two kinds of school with data found in the concerning literature. The work was classified as populational outline, in a sample of 200 children, between 7 and 14 years old, each one of them with a written term of consent signed by their parents and were excluded children out of the range of the age chosen, pregnant adolescents and children whose parents did not sign the written term of consent. In all those children were performed a complete dermatological clinical examination, in their own scholar environment, in proper rooms with the privacy needed for this sort of event. Results were achieved by items like kind of school, scholar grade, gender, colour, phototype and diagnosis. Regarding the scholar grade, there was a prevalence of the second and fifth degrees. In item gender, the females prevailed (53%) upon the males (47%). The white coloured majored upon the others (85%), with no significant statistic difference between the two kinds of schools. In diagnosis, 25 children (12,5%) showed no dermatological lesion at all, and were classified as belonging to the “eudermia” group. Among the 175 other children (88%) which had dermatosis, 83% of them were from private schools and 93% were from public schools. Continuing on diagnosis, the group “inflamatórias” predominate in public schools and the “neoplasias benignas” predominate in private ones. Regarding the particular sort of dermatosis, melanocytic nevi prevailed more in private schools, followed by acne and in the public schools the prevalence were higher for pithyriasis alba, reticular livedo and asteatosis, and surprisingly, onychophagia, which were the forth diagnosis more prevalent in both kinds of school. / TEDE / BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações

<p>Osnovni cilj ovog istraživanja jeste ispitivanje faktora koji utiču na razvoj preduzetničkih potencijala studenata. Dobijeni rezultati su značajni kako za razumevanje teorijskog aspekta koncepta preduzetničkog potencijala, njegove strukture i činilaca koji deluju na razvijenost pojedinačnih dimenzija tako i za otvaranje značajnih praktičnih mogućnosti boljeg i efikasnijeg planiranja edukativnog delovanja i organizovanja podsticajnih programa za razvoj preduzetništva. Ovo istraživanje preduzetničkih potencijala studenata ukazuje na mogućnosti njihovog razvoja i doprinosi razvoju preduzetništva u našoj zemlji.</p> / <p>The main objective of this research is to examine the factors that influence<br />the development of student entrepreneurial potentials. The obtained results<br />are important for understanding the theoretical aspect of the concept of<br />entrepreneurial potential, its structure and factors that influence the<br />development of individual dimensions, as well as for opening up significant<br />practical possibilities for better and more efficient planning of educational<br />activities and organizing incentive programs for the development of<br />entrepreneurship. This research of students&#39; entrepreneurial potential points<br />to the possibility of their development and contributes to the development of<br />entrepreneurship in our country.</p>

Detection of sub-optimal effort is a critical element of all psychological assessment procedures. Failure to consider the validity of the client's performance and symptom reporting may result in inaccurate conclusions about the degree of impairment. Because the American with Disabilities Act requires colleges to provide accommodations for students with documented disabilities, providing resources for students feigning impairment may ultimately drain university resources intended to help those students with disabilities. This study sought to examine the relationship between two different types of measures of effort and variables related to academic ability. De-identified archival data was gathered from the University Accessibility Center (UAC) at Brigham Young University (BYU) which provided psychological assessments for accommodation seeking students (N = 602) for a reduced fee. Measures used to detect sub-optimal effort included the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM), Word Memory Test (WMT), Validity Indicator Profile (VIP), California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition (CVLT-II), Reliable Digit Span (RDS), and the Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Advanced Edition (IVA-AE). Measures indicating academic ability included select subtests from the Woodcock Johnson Test of Achievement Third Edition (WJ-III). Additionally, Matrix Reasoning of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV) was included as a cognitive measure of nonverbal IQ. Two point biserial correlations were conducted. Results indicated that the nonverbal portion of the VIP had a significant relationship with writing fluency. The TOMM also had a significant relationship with writing fluency. Additionally, results demonstrated that Reliable Digit Span had a significant relationship with Academic Fluency, Writing Fluency, Letter Word Identification, and Math Fluency. Data suggests that university disability service offices may wish to include the RDS, TOMM, and VIP in their considerations of effort.

According to the Americans with Disabilities Act, universities and colleges are required to provide accommodative services for students with disabilities. Many studies have examined the role of malingering mental health symptoms in order to obtain psychotropic medications, but very little research has been done on the role of accommodations as secondary gain in students who may malinger learning disabilities. This study sought to examine both the usefulness of implementing specific malingering detection measures in psychological evaluations with university students and the agreement of those measures within the population. Archival data was gathered from a university accommodation clinic that provided free psychological evaluations for consecutively presenting students (N=121). Four malingering detection measures were used: the Test of Memory and Malingering (TOMM), the Word Memory Test (WMT), the WAIS Digit Span (DS) and two cut scores for the MMPI-2 F Scale (F Scale 80 and F Scale 95). Scores for these four malingering detection measures were compared in terms of their agreement rates, their classification rates (at a 10% malingering base rate recommendation), and their sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive powers using both the TOMM and WMT independently as diagnostic criterion. A qualitative examination of the data revealed that different combinations of measures did classify some of the same respondents as malingering. Results indicated that each of these four measures share the ability to detect malingering in its different forms and have similar classification rates. Although the TOMM and WMT likely provide overlapping information, the pragmatic implementation of one of these measures may assist in the evaluation of suspected malingering with accommodation-seeking students.

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This dissertation examines Swedish writing centers’ pedagogical positions in relation to surrounding conditions through a case study of organization, attitudes and learning potential in a pedagogical collaboration project on writing with many multilingual students. The data consists of steering documents, students’ texts, interviews, observations, and recorded tutorials. The general aim of the thesis is to explore the learning potential for participants in the collaborative project. The theoretical framework has a sociocultural approach drawn from New Literacy Studies, Wenger’s Social Learning Theory and Dialogism. Three studies are included. The first study examines organizational conditions in the specific context and shows that the writing center and its tutors have marginalized positions separated from relevant research. The second study finds that conceptions of writing as a skill, alongside those of writing as a process limit students’ opportunity for meaning-making and contesting. The third study focuses on tutorial interaction and results show that  tutors support students by i) discussing norms and conventions, ii) strengthening students as writers and second language learners and iii) stimulating meaning making and participation, which seems to increase potential for negotiation and developing academic writing. General conclusions suggest that writing centers have potential to be sites for pedagogical development where tutors can share, with students and staff, their expertise gained when working with a diverse student population. To strengthen writing centers’ position at universities professionalization of tutors is needed and most importantly research needs to be conducted in writing centers. Students from diverse backgrounds are entering higher education and to value their knowledge and experiences is crucial, not least from a democratic perspective. The writing center can play an important role in this effort.

A quasi-experimental study was conducted within the context of the University of North Florida's EXCEL (Excelling in Clinical Education Learning) teacher preparation program to investigate the impact of three types of educational treatment on the attitudes toward diversity of preservice teachers. Data were collected and analyzed based on the pretest/posttest measures of three self-reporting instruments: Cross Cultural-Adaptability Inventory, the Cultural Diversity Awareness Inventory, and the Bogardus Social Distance Scale. The preservice teachers (N = 208; K-12 regular and special education majors) experienced the following treatments: (1) informal seminar studies of multicultural education issues accompanied by a field experience in a non-culturally diverse public school classroom; (2) informal seminar studies of multicultural education issues accompanied by a field experience in a culturally diverse public school classroom; and (3) no seminar studies of multicultural education issues and no field experience in a public school classroom. The weekly on-campus seminars were conducted by four clinical educators (master teachers from neighboring districts on alternative assignments for two years). In addition, with-in group attitudinal differences toward diversity of preservice teachers enrolled in the fieldbased seminars were examined based on variates of field placement, seminar instructor, gender, age, race, educational major, association with culturally different people, and teaching grade level. Examination of relationships between groups, based on ANOVA and ANCOVA results at the .05 level of confidence, reveals the followings: (1) no significant differences were found in attitudes toward diversity of preservice teachers enrolled in the field-based seminars focusing on issues of diversity, but significant differences were found between the control and experimental groups at both the onset and end of the study (experimental group had higher mean scores), (2) significant differences were found within-groups for the demographic variates of seminar instructor, age, race, association with people of diversity, and grade level, (3) significant (although minimal) differences were found in attitudes toward diversity between preservice teachers enrolled in the seminars focusing on issues of cultural diversity as compared to the control group of students not enrolled in the seminars (experimental groups had higher mean scores), (4) no significant differences were found between the experimental groups to support the assumption that field experiences within Culturally diverse settings have a positive effect on the attitudes of preservice teachers toward diversity, and (5) although positive significant differences were found between the control and experimental groups following the completion of the multicultural seminars, all three groups remained at the social distance preference level "having merely as a speaking acquaintance" in working with the culturally different as measured on the Bogardus and far below the normed population on the Cross Cultural Adaptability Inventory factor Flexibility/Openness (FO).