Ce travail se place dans le cadre de l’utilisation des grands instruments (sources de neutrons et synchrotrons) pour l’étude de la structure et de la dynamique de matériaux désordonnés (liquides et verres). En particulier, trois études sont présentées. La première, est une étude structurale de verres Ln2O3-Al2O3-SiO2 où Ln représente les cations Sc, Y et La. Nous avons combiné des résultats obtenus par diffraction des rayons X et des neutrons et par absorption des rayons X. L’étude est focalisée sur la détermination des distances interatomiques et des coordinences pour les trois paires Si-O, Al-O et Ln-O. La seconde est une étude structurale de l’oxyde de fer FeO à l’état fondu. Des expériences de photoémission de rayons X au seuil d’absorption du fer ont été associées à des mesures de diffraction de rayons X et de neutrons. Les résultats obtenus ont permis de définir un modèle structural cohérent pour le FeO liquide. La troisième est une étude de la dynamique dans le composé CaAl2O4 fondu. La diffusion inélastique des rayons X a permis de déterminer les vitesses du son apparente et isotherme ainsi que la viscosité longitudinale. Ces mesures ont été complétées par des expériences de diffusion quasiélastique de neutrons à partir desquelles il a été possible de déterminer des coefficients de diffusion atomique. Ce travail montre l’intérêt de combiner différentes techniques expérimentales pour l’étude des verres et des milieux fondus. Il montre également la nécessité d’associer aussi des techniques de modélisation comme la dynamique moléculaire. / In this work, large scale facilities (neutron and synchrotron sources) were used for studying the structure and dynamic of disordered materials (liquids and glasses). In particular, three studies are presented. The first is a structural study of Ln2O3-Al2O3-SiO2 glasses where Ln represents the cations Sc, Y and La. We combined the results obtained from x-ray and neutron diffraction and x-ray absorption experiments. This work is focused on the determination of the interatomic distances and coordination numbers for the three pairs Si-O, Al-O and Ln-O. The second is a study of the iron oxide FeO in the liquid state. Photoemission experiments at the iron absorption edge were associated with x-ray and neutron diffraction measurements. The results obtained made it possible to define a consistent structural model for liquid FeO. The third is a study of the dynamics in CaAl2O4 melts. From inelastic x-ray scattering experiments, it was possible to determine the apparent and isothermal sound velocities as well as the longitudinal viscosity. These measurements were complemented by quasielastic neutron scattering experiments from which atomic diffusion coefficients were determined. This work shows the interest of combining various experimental techniques for studying glasses and melts and points out the need to associate also modelling techniques such as molecular dynamics simulations.

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My diploma work is divided into theoretical and practical part. In theoretical part I engage with particular defect of studying, their types and demonstration. I also deal with their diagnostic and amendment. In the connection to particular defects of studying I also describe the trouble of defect of behaviour, mostly ADHD, including the defect of studying of adults. I also focus on education of individual with the particular defect of studying at university. I describe the system of studying at university with the possibility of advantage for students with particular defect of stuyding. The end of my theoretical part I aim on University of South Bohemia itself, its history and operating of each faculty. In my practical part I deal with analyze of students´branch/programmes of daily studying in two faculties of University of South Bohemia - Faculty of Economy and the Faculty of Fishing. Each subjects which are taught in particular studying branch I analyze and I show the requirements which are needed to pass that subject. After this I try to deduce the charge on students which has been defined on the base of analyze of each students branch in different faculties. It will be confronted with the theoretical piece of knowledge, which relates to needs and rarity of the students with the particular defect of studying while being a student at university.

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A sample of high school graduate, first year technical school students was measured for retention improvement of underlined textual material under the treatment condition of no review versus review. The sample of 61 students was divided into two groups, more able and less able, subsequent to the first treatment condition of no review to provide a within group measure in the final analysis. The reading material consisted of 14 brief typewritten passages of which the core content was underlined. The criterion measure consisted of 7 multiple choice questions derived from the core content. The experiment consisted of presenting the same experimental materials to the same students on two occasions separated by a five day interval. Students were allowed to review the material, prior to testing, only in the second presentation. Under the experimental conditions both groups of students were able to improve retention of the core content. Results indicate that significant gains were made from no review to review conditions for both more and less able subjects when practice effect was not controlled for.

Academic mobility and migration of knowledge workers are two concerns in international migration studies, so how academic mobility transforms into immigration has received much attention as well. There are two commonly held approaches to the explanation of immigration of international students: the classic Push and Pull theory and its derivative studies as well as Rational Choice Theory (RCT). However, both sets of theories have their drawbacks, that their analysis is either exclusion of the micro-level decision-making process or neglect of the macro-level social structure. In this study, both qualitative and quantitative data are collected, and Giddens structuration theory has been applied to mediate micro and macro level factors for constructing a framework to understand migration motivations of Chinese undergraduate students in Canada. The major conceptions and themes drawn upon from structuration theory include agency and structure, the effects of rules and resources within structures, the capacity and knowledgeability of agent, time-space context, and the theme of duality of structure. Because gender differences are significant in this study, two models are built for female and male students respectively. The practical aim of this study is to generate more policy interests in Canada in Chinese undergraduate students in order to make Canada the foremost destination for them not only for studying abroad but also for settlement.

The testing effect is described as an improvement of memory performance at a final test as a result of previous test sessions. Several studies reported that initial testing during learning provides a better memory representation at a delayed retention interval. The aim of present study is to assess whether an Overt or a Covert retrieval procedure leads to better final recall. Participants were at initial testing instructed to retrieve and write down the words (Overt group), retrieve it without writing down (Covert group) or only restudy the words (SSS group). Memory was tested after[1]15 minutes and again after 1 week. The results indicated a significant main effect of learning group and retrieval interval, where the Overt group performed reliably better than remaining groups. The idea behind the testing effect may work as a guideline of how the testing procedure can be conformed into educational contexts, which advocates for more consistent use of testing in classroom for optimal learning.

Academic mobility and migration of knowledge workers are two concerns in international migration studies, so how academic mobility transforms into immigration has received much attention as well. There are two commonly held approaches to the explanation of immigration of international students: the classic Push and Pull theory and its derivative studies as well as Rational Choice Theory (RCT). However, both sets of theories have their drawbacks, that their analysis is either exclusion of the micro-level decision-making process or neglect of the macro-level social structure. In this study, both qualitative and quantitative data are collected, and Giddens structuration theory has been applied to mediate micro and macro level factors for constructing a framework to understand migration motivations of Chinese undergraduate students in Canada. The major conceptions and themes drawn upon from structuration theory include agency and structure, the effects of rules and resources within structures, the capacity and knowledgeability of agent, time-space context, and the theme of duality of structure. Because gender differences are significant in this study, two models are built for female and male students respectively. The practical aim of this study is to generate more policy interests in Canada in Chinese undergraduate students in order to make Canada the foremost destination for them not only for studying abroad but also for settlement.

Darbo tikslas – įvertinti studijų kokybės lygį Šiaulių Universiteto Socialinių mokslų fakultete absolventų nuomone. Tai tęstinis projekto “Studijų kokybės plėtotė regioniniame Šiaulių Universitete��� tyrimas. Jo metu vertinta Šiaulių universiteto Socialinių mokslų fakulteto studijų kokybė, ir gauti rezultatai lyginti su projekto metu gautais rezultatais. Šio darbo metu buvo išanalizuota mokslinė literatūra studijų kokybės klausimu, suformuotas studijų kokybės apibrėžimas, bei komponentai. Iš dalies patvirtintos dvi hipotezės. Nustatyta, kad ankstesniais metais baigusieji studijas šiame fakultete vertina geriau, ir kad universiteto suformuota studijų kokybės plėtotės kryptis atitinka Socialinių mokslų fakulteto kryptį. / The goal of this work is to make assessment of studying quality in Šiauliai University Social Science faculty. This research is the continues work of the project „The development of studying quality at Regional Šiauliai University“. It has been assessed the studying quality at Social Science faculty and the results compared with the ones of the project. It has been analized the scientific literature about studying quality, and has been determined the definition of studying quality and it‘s dimensions. It has been partly proved two hipotezes. It has been determened that the graduates of earlier years assessed the quality higher, and also that development of University studying quality matches the tendency of Social Science faculty studying quality.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 162-170). / xi, 170 leaves, bound ill. 29 cm