abstract: While the suicide rate in Mexico is relatively low when compared to countries throughout the world, it is increasing at an alarming pace. Unfortunately, the amount of suicide research focused on Mexican populations is relatively scarce. Using a sample of high school students living in Guanajuato, Mexico, this study explored the relationship between recent suicidal ideation and three factors that previous research in other countries has connected to suicide: Migration aspirations, religiosity, and sexual behavior. Using multiple and logistic regression, the results indicated the following: 1) Recent suicidal ideation predicted increased migration aspirations, 2) higher levels of external religiosity predicted lower odds of recent suicidal ideation, and 3) stronger parent-child relationships predicted lower odds of recent suicidal ideation. The findings are discussed in light of the Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory, Bogenschneider's risk/protection model, and Stark's religious commitment theory. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Social Work 2011

Introdução: Ideação suicida e tentativas de suicídio são geralmente complicações dos transtornos psiquiátricos. O estudo da freqüência e fatores associados podem contribuir para uma abordagem mais adequada por profissionais de saúde mental. Objetivos: Estimar a prevalência de tentativas e pensamentos suicidas, em pessoas com transtornos mentais graves (TMG) e as associações com características sócio-demograficas, diagnóstico, ajustamento social, sintomas psiquiátricos, uso de substâncias psicoativas, envolvimento familiar e tratamentos realizados. Método: Foram entrevistados e avaliados 192 pessoas que apresentavam TMG, com idade entre 18 e 65 anos e que tiveram contato com os serviços de saúde mental de três regiões definidas do município de São Paulo em período determinado. Utilizou-se anamneses estruturadas com questionários padronizados e escalas psicométricas. As entrevistas foram realizadas no domicílio do paciente. Realizou-se análise descritiva, análise univariada e análise multivariada. Resultados: Da amostra estudada predominaram as pessoas do sexo masculino (53,1%), solteiras (57,3%), com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia (58,3%). Poucas pessoas apresentavam abuso ou dependência de álcool (7,3%) e apenas três pessoas (1,6%) não utilizaram medicações psiquiátricas no período de um ano anterior à entrevista. Cento e nove (57,7%) entrevistados apresentaram pensamentos suicidas ao longo da vida e nos 12 meses anteriores a entrevista, trinta e oito (20,1%) tiveram tais pensamentos. Cinqüenta e nove (30,9%) pessoas já haviam tentado suicídio durante a vida e oito (4,2%) apresentaram tentativas nos 12 meses anteriores à entrevista. Para todas as variáveis de desfecho, apresentaram associação estatística, a presença de sentimentos de culpa e sintomas depressivos. Na análise multivariada, o uso de neurolépticos apresentou associação com pensamentos e tentativas de suicídio ao longo da vida. Conclusão: Ideação e tentativas de suicídio foram bastante prevalentes na população estudada devendo sempre ser investigadas pelos profissionais de saúde mental, para que se possa tomar as devidas condutas, como o manejo dos sentimentos de culpa e depressão, além do ajuste correto da medicação para o transtorno mental. / Introduction: Suicidal ideation and suicidal attempts are usually complications of psychiatric disorders. The study of the frequency and associated factors may contribute for the mental health professionals to have a more appropriate approach. Aims: Estimate the prevalence of attempts and suicidal thoughts, in people who have serious mental disorder (SMD) and the association with social-demographic characteristics, diagnosis, social adjustment, psychiatric symptoms, use of psychoactive substances, family involvement and treatments they have gone though. Method: One hundred ninety two subjects, age 18 - 65, showing SMD and having been in touch with mental health services in three defined zones in the city of Sao Paulo, in the determined period, were evaluated and interviewed. The researchers used structured anamnesis with standardized questionnaires and psychometric scales, the subjects were interviewed at home and a descriptive analysis, a univariate analysis and a multivariate analysis were used. Results: From the sample we studied we’ve found a predominance of men (53,1%), single people (57,3%), having a diagnose of schizophrenia (58,3%). Few people presented abuse or dependence of alcohol (7,3%) and only three people (1,6%) hadn’t used psychiatric medications within one year before the interview. One hundred nine (57,7%) people who where interviewed showed suicidal thoughts during their lives and during 12 months prior to the research, thirty eight (20,1%) had that kind of thoughts. Fifty nine (30,9%) people had tried to commit suicide during their lives and eight (4,2%) showed attempts to it within 12 months before the interview. The presence of guilt feelings and depressive symptoms showed statistics association to all dependant variables. The multivariate analyses showed statistics association to attempts and suicidal thoughts during the patients’ lives to the occasional use of neuroleptics. Conclusion: The presence of suicidal ideation and attempts to suicide were prevalent in the studied population and they should always be investigated by the health mental professionals in order for them manage the prosper procedures, such as the handling of guilt feelings and depression and be able to stablish the proper medication, for the mental disorder.

Suicide is an issue that plagues adolescents in the United States. Suicide crosses socioeconomic, racial, and gender divides and is difficult to predict and prevent. Primary care providers (PCPs) are in a position to detect suicidality in adolescents; however, PCPs lack the knowledge and confidence necessary to accurately identify suicidal adolescents. The author conducted an extensive review of current literature (meta-analyses, systematic reviews, literature reviews, case reports, and existing clinical practice guidelines) on identification of adolescent suicidality in pediatric primary care settings. This paper provides a set of recommendations for primary care providers on how to properly identify adolescents with suicidal ideation and behavior.

Bakgrund Psykisk ohälsa är ett ökande problem hos ungdomar. Suicidala tankar är ett försteg till suicid och olika faktorer kan öka risken för suicidala tankar. Världen över är suicid den tredje vanligaste dödsorsaken för ungdomar i åldern 15 – 19 år. Suicid räknas som en vårdskada om hälso- och sjukvården haft möjlighet att hindra individen att begå självmord via adekvata åtgärder. Därför ska hälso- och sjukvården arbeta förebyggande mot suicid. Försök till självmord redovisas i högre grad av ungdomar som är lesbiska, gay eller bisexuella (LGB). Ungdomarna upplevde att sjukvårdspersonal ibland kunde se homosexualitet som något avvikande. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva förekomsten av suicidala tankar utifrån sexuell läggning hos ungdomar. Metod: Studiens design är en litteraturstudie. Totalt tio artiklar kvalitetsgranskades och analyserades. Artiklarnas likheter och skillnader beskrevs. Resultat: Sexuell läggning har en påverkan på suicidala tankar. Ungdomar som definierades som LGB, sexuell minoritet eller haft sexuell kontakt med någon av samma kön rapporterade suicidala tankar i högre grad än heterosexuella ungdomar. Tjejer rapporterade suicidala tankar i högre grad än killar, oberoende av sexuell läggning. Slutsats: Studier visar att det finns ett samband mellan sexuell läggning och suicidala tankar. Suicidala tankar är ett allvarligt problem som inte kan förbises, och därmed inte sambandet mellan sexuell läggning och suicidala tankar. Vidare forskning behövs både inom Sverige och internationellt. / Background: Mental illness is an increasing problem among adolescents. Suicidal ideation is an early stage of suicide and different risk factors can increase the risk of suicidal ideations. All over the world suicide is the third most common cause of death among adolescents aged 15 – 19 years. Suicide is a care-damage if the health service had the possibility to prevent a person to commit suicide with adequate interventions. Therefore, the health service is required to work preventive towards suicide. Suicide attempts is reported in higher rate among adolescents who are lesbian, gay or bisexual (LGB). Some patients perceived that health personnel sometimes saw homosexuality as something abnormal. Aim: The aim of the study was to describe the presence of suicidal ideations based on sexual orientation among adolescents. Method: The literature study includes ten articles. The quality of the articles was analyzed. Then the articles similarities and differences were described.    Results: Sexual orientation has an impact on suicidal ideations. Adolescents who were defined as LGB, sexual minority or had sexual contact with a person of the same gender reported suicidal ideation in a higher rate than heterosexual adolescents. Girls reported suicidal ideations in a higher rate than boys, regardless of sexual orientation. Conclusion: Studies shows that there is a correlation between sexual orientation and suicidal ideation. Suicidal ideation is a severe problem that can’t be disregard, and neither the correlation between sexual orientation and suicidal ideation. Therefore, research need to be done, both in Sweden and worldwide.

Background and Objective: Suicide is a leading cause of death and a critical public health problem among adolescents worldwide. However, adolescent suicidal behaviour is a neglected public health issue, especially in low- and middle-income countries, such as Bangladesh. There is evidence from developed countries showing that suicidal ideation (SI) among adolescents is related to social indicators as well as individual risk factors. Scarce evidence from studies inlow- and middle-income countries suggests that social factors may influence adolescent SI. In Bangladesh, only a few studies have focused on the social determinants of suicide, and the present study is the first to examine the prevalence and social determinants of suicidal ideation among adolescents in rural Bangladesh. Therefore, the present thesis assessed the effects of socioeconomic status (SES) on adolescent SI. Methods: The present thesis is based on two studies, which used data from a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2013 among 2,476 adolescents aged 14-19 years selected randomly in arural community in Bangladesh. An adapted version of the WHO/SUPRE-MISS questionnaire was used to collect data in the Raiganj sub-district, an area surveyed within the Injury Prevention Program of the Centre for Injury Prevention and Research, Bangladesh (CIPRB). Study I estimated the prevalence of suicidal ideation among adolescents and investigated what factors were associated with suicidal ideation. Study II examined the relationship between parental socio-economic factors and suicidal thoughts among adolescents. Results: Study I showed that life time prevalence of suicidal ideation was 5% among adolescents. The majority of adolescents with suicidal ideation were female (67, 5.3%), unmarried (106, 5.5%) and students (86, 6.2%). Suicidal ideation was significantly associated with age, education, occupation and living with parents or others. Respondents aged 18-19 years, had a Secondary school certificate (SSC) and Higher Secondary school certificate (HSC) or higher, were day labourers, living without parent had odds ratios of 2.31 (CI 1.46-3.65), 2.38(CI 1.51-3.77), 4.15 (CI 2.41-7.14), .28 (CI 0.13-0.60) and 1.80 (CI 1.07-3.03), respectively. In study 2, results demonstrated that suicidal ideation was more common among adolescents with parents from the low-income group (5.5%). In addition, adolescent SI was found to be significantly associated with parental education, marital status and house ownership. Adolescents whose parents received an SSC or higher had an SI odds ratio of 2.10 (CI 1.21-3.64) and 1.92 (CI 1.15-3.23) for mothers and fathers respectively. Suicidal ideation among adolescents with single parents was higher with an odds ratio of 3.00 (CI 1.75-5.19) in comparison to adolescents who had both parents. Adolescents whose parents owned a house had an odds ratio of 0.14 (0.05, 0.35). Conclusion: The thesis found that the prevalence of lifetime suicidal ideation among adolescents is moderately high in a rural community of Bangladesh. Furthermore, it was observed that personal characteristics such as parental marital status, education and homeownership were statistically significantly associated with suicidal ideation among adolescentseven after adjusting for potential confounders.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine if a correlation exists between suicide and CAG repeat length in Huntington’s disease. Methodology: A case-control study using the COHORT Study de-identified database was conducted. Responses were collected from 163 participants. Depression, substance abuse history and use of benzodiazepines were covariates. Responses to the UHDRS behavioral section pertaining to the frequency and severity of suicidal ideation (“feels life is not worth living”, “has suicidal thoughts”) were analyzed. Results: Despite taking depression, benzodiazepine use, and history of substance abuse into account, there was a predictive relationship between CAG repeat length and frequency of suicidal ideation (p = .010). When the effect of depression was taken into account, there was no significant relationship between CAG repeat length and the severity of suicidal ideation. Recommendations: The findings from this quantitative analysis supported using CAG length in a clinician’s risk factor assessment to determine the frequency of suicidality.

No description available.

Suicidality rates are far higher among gender minority individuals than in the general population. This study sought to determine if intersecting identities and social support play a role in these rates. There were no differences in suicidality among gender minorities with an intersecting sexual minority identity. For intersecting racial/ethnic identities, it was found that White individuals were more likely to report past suicidal ideation than racial/ethnic minority individuals. Family support was independently associated with less suicidal ideation, whereas gender minority friend support was independently associated with an increase in suicidal ideation.

No description available.

Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the influences of spiritual well-being and parenting styles on USA nursing students’ psychological well-being and suicidal ideation. Methods This was a cross sectional, descriptive research design. The structured questionnaires were used to do the data collection. There were 404 nursing students were recruited from a Midwest University in the USA. The mean age was 24.53 (SD = 6.14). There were 53 Male (13.1%) and 351 Female (86.9%). The SPSS 28th version was used to do the data analysis. The descriptive data analysis, Pearson Correlation, and Step-wise Multiple Regressions were used to solve the research questions. Results Total score of spiritual well-being, faith/belief, life and self-responsibility, and life satisfaction/ self- actualization had statistically significant positive relationships with nursing students’ psychological well- being. Total score of spiritual well-being, faith/belief, life and self-responsibility, and life satisfaction/ self- actualization had statistically significant reverse relationships with nursing students’ suicidal ideation. Their parents’ rearing attitude: child monitor, inductive reasoning, communication, positive reinforcement, involvement, and the total scores of positive rearing attitude had statistically significant positive relationships with nursing students’ psychological well-being. Their parents’ rearing attitude: communication, positive reinforcement, and the total scores of positive rearing attitude had statistically significant reverse relationships with nursing students’ suicide ideation. Their parents’ harsh discipline and the total scores of negative rearing attitude had statistically significant positive relationships with nursing students’ suicide ideation. Discussion In this study, life satisfaction/self-actualization, life/self-responsibility, positive reinforcement, and faith/belief were the significant predictors of nursing students’ psychological well-being. Total scores of spiritual well-being and positive reinforcement were significant predictors of nursing students’ suicidal ideation. Higher score of total scores of spiritual well-being and positive reinforcement were found to predict decreasing nursing students’ suicidal ideation.