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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Alguns aspectos acerca da adsorção de alcanotióis e bases nitrogenadas em ouro via espectroscopia não linear e microscopia de tunelamento de elétrons / Some aspects concerning the adsorption of alkanethiols and uracil derivates on Au via nonlinear spectroscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy

Aguiar, Hilton Barbosa de 15 February 2007 (has links)
Estudos de interface têm presenciado um recente crescimento devido as novas propriedades físico-químicas, que puderam ser explorados com o advento de técnicas com resolução ao nível molecular/atômico. Dessas técnicas, dois ramos que merecem destaque são as Microscopias de Varredura por Ponta de Prova e Espectroscopias Óticas. Neste trabalho fazemos uso de algumas destas técnicas (o Microscópio de Tunelamento de Elétrons e Espectroscopia Vibracional por Geração de Soma de Freqüências) para estudar a adsorção de moléculas alifáticas e aromáticas em Au. Dois casos são abordados: como a rugosidade do substrato influencia no mecanismo de automontagem de monocamadas de alcanotióis e a automontagem de derivados de uracil em interfaces eletroquímicas. No primeiro caso, mostra-se que a quantidade de defeitos moleculares na monocamada adsorvida e extremamente sensível a rugosidade do substrato utilizado. Unem-se os resultados das técnicas acima aos resultados de sondas eletroquímica para se chegar a um modelo. Também e estudado a dependência das etapas de fisisorção e quimisorção em função da concentração da solução de alcanotiól. Para o segundo caso, um derivado halogenado do uracil (5-fluorouracil), mostra-se como a substituição química na base nitrogenada leva a diferentes mecanismos de formação de monocamadas na interface eletroquímica. Imagens de Microscopia de Tunelamento de Elétrons com resolução atômica e molecular mostram que em densidade de cargas negativas as moléculas estão fisisorvidas, porém não formam estruturas periódicas em contraste com uracil e timina, entretanto em densidades de cargas positivas formam estruturas periódicas quimisorvidas, assim como uracil e timina. E discutido como são diferentes os mecanismos de interação intermolecular: no caso dos alcanotiois preponderando às interações de van der Waals e no caso dos derivados de uracil pelas ligações via pontes de hidrogênio são dominantes. / Interface science has experienced a new rebirth since the development of new probes with atomic/molecular resolution, giving new insights about the physical-chemical properties, which differ substantially from the bulk. Among these techniques, two branches deserve special attention: the Scanning Probe Microscopies and Optical Spectroscopy. In this work, two derivatives of theses techniques (the Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy and Vibrational Spectroscopy by Sum-Frequency Generation) are combined giving new insights about the molecular adsorption onto Au. Two examples are focused: how roughness plays a key role in the structure of self-assembled alkanethiol monolayer and the uracil derivatives self-assembling at electrochemical interfaces. For the former, it has been shown that the amount of defects on the adsorbed monolayer is highly sensitive to substrate roughness. Combining the results of each technique with a well-known electrochemical probe, a physical model is proposed. The physisorbed and chemisorbed states are studied as a function of alkanethiol solution concentration as well. For the later case, the chemical substitution of uracil leads to drastically different results for the physisorbed phase (negative charge densities), compared to uracil and thymine. In the chemisorbed phase (positive charge densities) imaging with molecular resolution is achieved showing a quasi-hexagonal structure, similar to the structure of thymine and uracil. It is discussed what are the main driving forces for the self-assembling mechanism: van der Waal interactions for the alkanethiols and hydrogen bonding for uracil derivatives.
12

Alguns aspectos acerca da adsorção de alcanotióis e bases nitrogenadas em ouro via espectroscopia não linear e microscopia de tunelamento de elétrons / Some aspects concerning the adsorption of alkanethiols and uracil derivates on Au via nonlinear spectroscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy

Hilton Barbosa de Aguiar 15 February 2007 (has links)
Estudos de interface têm presenciado um recente crescimento devido as novas propriedades físico-químicas, que puderam ser explorados com o advento de técnicas com resolução ao nível molecular/atômico. Dessas técnicas, dois ramos que merecem destaque são as Microscopias de Varredura por Ponta de Prova e Espectroscopias Óticas. Neste trabalho fazemos uso de algumas destas técnicas (o Microscópio de Tunelamento de Elétrons e Espectroscopia Vibracional por Geração de Soma de Freqüências) para estudar a adsorção de moléculas alifáticas e aromáticas em Au. Dois casos são abordados: como a rugosidade do substrato influencia no mecanismo de automontagem de monocamadas de alcanotióis e a automontagem de derivados de uracil em interfaces eletroquímicas. No primeiro caso, mostra-se que a quantidade de defeitos moleculares na monocamada adsorvida e extremamente sensível a rugosidade do substrato utilizado. Unem-se os resultados das técnicas acima aos resultados de sondas eletroquímica para se chegar a um modelo. Também e estudado a dependência das etapas de fisisorção e quimisorção em função da concentração da solução de alcanotiól. Para o segundo caso, um derivado halogenado do uracil (5-fluorouracil), mostra-se como a substituição química na base nitrogenada leva a diferentes mecanismos de formação de monocamadas na interface eletroquímica. Imagens de Microscopia de Tunelamento de Elétrons com resolução atômica e molecular mostram que em densidade de cargas negativas as moléculas estão fisisorvidas, porém não formam estruturas periódicas em contraste com uracil e timina, entretanto em densidades de cargas positivas formam estruturas periódicas quimisorvidas, assim como uracil e timina. E discutido como são diferentes os mecanismos de interação intermolecular: no caso dos alcanotiois preponderando às interações de van der Waals e no caso dos derivados de uracil pelas ligações via pontes de hidrogênio são dominantes. / Interface science has experienced a new rebirth since the development of new probes with atomic/molecular resolution, giving new insights about the physical-chemical properties, which differ substantially from the bulk. Among these techniques, two branches deserve special attention: the Scanning Probe Microscopies and Optical Spectroscopy. In this work, two derivatives of theses techniques (the Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy and Vibrational Spectroscopy by Sum-Frequency Generation) are combined giving new insights about the molecular adsorption onto Au. Two examples are focused: how roughness plays a key role in the structure of self-assembled alkanethiol monolayer and the uracil derivatives self-assembling at electrochemical interfaces. For the former, it has been shown that the amount of defects on the adsorbed monolayer is highly sensitive to substrate roughness. Combining the results of each technique with a well-known electrochemical probe, a physical model is proposed. The physisorbed and chemisorbed states are studied as a function of alkanethiol solution concentration as well. For the later case, the chemical substitution of uracil leads to drastically different results for the physisorbed phase (negative charge densities), compared to uracil and thymine. In the chemisorbed phase (positive charge densities) imaging with molecular resolution is achieved showing a quasi-hexagonal structure, similar to the structure of thymine and uracil. It is discussed what are the main driving forces for the self-assembling mechanism: van der Waal interactions for the alkanethiols and hydrogen bonding for uracil derivatives.
13

Molecular Rearrangements at Polymeric Interfaces Probed by Sum Frequency Spectroscopy

Kurian, Anish 21 April 2011 (has links)
No description available.
14

Physicochemical Cues for the Design of Underwater Adhesives

Narayanan, Amal 25 March 2021 (has links)
No description available.
15

Interfacial structure of phospholipids probed by high-resolution, high-repetition-rate broadband vibrational sum-frequency generation spectroscopy

Yesudas, Freeda 20 December 2022 (has links)
Diese Arbeit konzentriert sich auf die Anwendbarkeit eines hochmodernen 100 kHz BB-VSFG-Spektrometers, das kürzlich im SALSA Photonics Lab entwickelt wurde, für die Analyse der Grenzflächenstruktur von Alkylketten, des sie umgebenden Wassers und der Phosphatkopfgruppen von Phospholipidschichten. Zunächst wurden Phospholipid-Doppelschichten, die mehrere Komponenten enthalten, bei Laserwiederholraten von 5, 10, 50 und 100 kHz mit konstanter Pulsenergie untersucht. Die BB-VSFG-Spektren legen nahe, dass die Phospholipid-Doppelschichten während der Messungen ohne wärmeinduzierte Veränderungen stabil waren. Darüber hinaus bot die Erhöhung der Laserwiederholungsrate eine praktikable Möglichkeit, Spektren in kurzen Datenerfassungszeiten zu erhalten, ohne dass das Signal-Rausch-Verhältnis beeinträchtigt wurde. Die extrem kurze Aufnahmezeit von 500 ms, die hohe spektrale Auflösung und alle verwendeten Pulsparameter sorgen dafür, dass bei Messungen unter Umgebungsbedingungen keine thermisch bedingten Photoschäden auftreten. Es wurde eine systematische Untersuchung von ein- und zweikomponentigen Phospholipid-Monoschichten in Abhängigkeit von der Oberflächenspannung und dem Mischungsverhältnis für verschiedene Kombinationen an Polarisationen durchgeführt und die Abhängigkeit der Schwingungsspektren untersucht. Die Struktur von Alkylketten und umgebendem Wasser wurde anhand derselben Modellsystemen analysiert. Bislang nicht beobachtete Schwingungsbanden und Spektren von Monolagen mit geringer Oberflächenbedeckung wurden mit einem bisher nicht erreichten Signal-Rausch-Verhältnis gemessen und beschrieben. Die Struktur von Phospholipid-Monolagen mit identischen Kopfgruppen und unterschiedlichen Ketten wurde analysiert und verglichen. Die Spektren bestätigten die Anwesenheit von Wassermolekülen in der Nähe der Phosphat- und Cholingruppen der Phospholipid-Monolagen. / This thesis focuses on the applicability of a state-of-the-art 100 kHz BB-VSFG spectrometer recently developed at the SALSA Photonics Lab and on the analysis of the interfacial structure of alkyl chains, surrounding water, and the phosphate head groups of phospholipid layers. First, multi-component phospholipid bilayers were studied at laser repetition rates of 5, 10, 50, and 100 kHz at constant pulse energy. The spectra suggest that the phospholipid bilayers were stable during the measurements with no heat-induced distortions. Moreover, an increase in the laser repetition rate provided a feasible route to obtain spectra in short data acquisition times without compromising the signal-to-noise ratio. The extremely short acquisition time of 500 ms, the high spectral resolution, and all applied pulse parameters ensured no thermal induced photodamages occur during the measurements. A systematic study of one- and two-component phospholipid monolayers as a function of surface tension and mixture ratio at different polarization combinations was performed and the dependence of the vibrational spectra was explored. The structure of alkyl chains and surrounding water was analyzed using the same model systems. Vibrational modes that were previously unseen and spectra of monolayers at low surface coverage were reported for the first time with an unprecedented signal-to-noise ratio. The structure of phospholipid monolayers containing identical head groups and different chains was analyzed and compared. The order of the phospholipid molecules as a function of the composition of the monolayers was inferred from the spectral data. The influence of the hydration and/or changes in the orientation of the phosphate group was visible from the spectra as well.

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