A presente pesquisa consiste na análise sobre a questão da conservação de áreas naturais, instituídas mediante leis pautadas no conceito de desenvolvimento sustentável, cujo discurso ambientalista tem impulsionado a criação de áreas protegidas em todo país, dentre elas a APA - Área de Proteção Ambiental. O que pretendemos nesta pesquisa é verificar se a lei é capaz de transformar as ações da sociedade promovendo, de fato, à proteção do meio ambiente. O município de Cabreúva tornou-se APA através de um decreto em 1984. Em princípio, a implantação da APA - Cabreúva pretendia conter crescimento industrial, manter os recursos hídricos e a cobertura vegetal. Entretanto, esses recursos naturais vêm se tornando em apelo para empreendimentos imobiliários e de lazer. Tais interesses são conflitantes com a manutenção dos atributos naturais do município, porém atendem ao desejo de crescimento da cidade, investimentos que podem resultar em perdas do ponto de vista ambiental, mas ganhos econômicos. Pretendemos avaliar as transformações que ocorreram no espaço após o decreto. Quais atores sociais têm interferido e qual o papel desempenhado por eles nessa nova configuração espacial. Utilizaremos a legislação ambiental em vigor relacionada à APA, o plano diretor municipal, bem como o zoneamento estabelecido para a APA para detectar as contradições existentes na implantação da APA. Serão analisadas: a possibilidade de construção de um empreendimento automobilístico, a expansão do parque industrial, a manutenção das atividades de mineração e a proliferação de condomínios, definindo o papel dos atores sociais face ao compromisso com a sustentabilidade / This reseach is the analysis on the issue of conservation of natural areas, guided by laws imposed on the concept of sustainable development, environmental discourse which has driven the creation of protected areas across the country, among them APA ( Environmental Protection Area). We want to research whether the law is capable of transforming society actions to promote, in fact, to protect the environment. The municipality of Cabreúva has become an APA by decree in 1984. In principle, the implementation of the APA - Cabreúva would contain industrial growth, maintain water resources and vegetation cover. However, these natural resources, has become a summons to real estate and leisure. These interests conflict with the maintenance of the natural attributes of the city, but the desire to serve the citys growth, investments that may result in loss of the environmental point of view, but economic gains. We aimed to assess the changes that occurred in the space after the decree. Which have affected social actors and the role played by them in this new spatial configuration. We will use the existing environmental legislation related to the APA, the Master Plan and zoning established for the APA to detect the contradictions in the implementation of the APA. Will study the: possibility of building speedway, the expansion of the industrial, maintenance of mining activities and the proliferation of condominiums, defining the role of social actors against the commitment to sustainability.

The Earth\'s atmosphere is warming due to a combination of natural effects and anthropic activities, which are directly related to the increment of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by burning fossil fuel. Brazil stands out in the world economic scenario as the main producer of ethanol, from sugar cane, considered a source of clean, renewable and economically viable energy. The expansion of this crop into pasture areas, in the Center-South region of Brazil, and the intensification in the production of this biofuel to supply the market have raised concerns about its sustainability. The agricultural is one of the main sectors responsible for the emission of GHG into the atmosphere, therefore, more studies are needed about how land use change (LUC) and production intensification, mainly due to the application of agricultural inputs rich in carbon and nitrogen, can affect GHG emissions. In the Center-South region of Brazil, the main LUC is composed of the succession native vegetation areas to pasture, and in sequence to sugarcane. Therefore, two studies were carried out aiming to determine soil GHG emissions under different land uses in the Center-South region of Brazil (Valparaíso-SP), as well as to characterize the emission factor of the main agricultural inputs in either sugarcane planting or ratoon areas. In the first study, three different land use areas were evaluated, composed of native vegetation, pasture and sugarcane. Among the land uses evaluated in this study, the soil under pasture exhibited the highest emission of carbon equivalents (CO2-eq), which was 41-fold higher than under native vegetation and 5.6-fold higher than under sugarcane. In the second study, two experiments were set up to determine the soil GHG emission fluxes after the application of sources of carbon and nitrogen during sugarcane cultivation. Experiment I: set up in a sugarcane planting area with application of ammonium nitrate, limestone and filter cake, in addition to a control treatment without application of any input. Experiment II: set up in a sugarcane ratoon area with application of vinasse and urea in the first year, and vinasse in the second year. In the first experiment, the soil tillage during the planting process produced a larger increase of soil GHG emissions when compared to the sugarcane ratoon area. Among the inputs applied to the cane plant, filter cake or ammonium nitrate produced the highest GHG emissions from the soil. On the other hand, in the area of sugarcane ratoon, the highest emissions were observed with the application of a combination of organic and mineral fertilizers (vinasse and urea), but with the application of only vinasse, the emission increment was less intense. The emission factors for C-CO2 and N-N2O reported by the IPCC are higher than those observed in this study, in the Center-South region of Brazil. The highest emission factor was observed for ammonium nitrate, with 0.13% for N-N2O in the rainy season. Thus, the expansion of sugarcane planted areas plays an important role in GHG emission. New studies on this contribution to GHG emissions are urgently needed in different regions around the world, in order to define measures to limit emissions and aiming at maintaining the sustainability of this biofuel / O aquecimento da Terra decorrente de atividades antrópicas, está diretamente relacionado ao aumento das emissões de gases de efeito estufa (GEE) por queima de combustíveis fósseis. O Brasil se destaca no cenário econômico mundial como o principal produtor de etanol, de cana-de-açúcar, considerado uma fonte de energia limpa, renovável e economicamente viável. A expansão desta cultura sobre áreas de pastagem, na região Centro-Sul do Brasil, e a intensificação da produção deste biocombustível, necessárias para suprir o mercado têm levantado preocupações sobre a sua sustentabilidade. O setor agrícola é uma das principais fases relacionadas à emissão de GEE na atmosfera, sendo necessário maior entendimento sobre como as mudanças de uso da terra (MUT) e intensificação de produção podem afetar as emissões GEE, principalmente após a aplicação no solo de insumos agrícolas ricos em carbono e nitrogênio. Na região Centro-Sul do Brasil, a principal MUT é composta pela sucessão de áreas de vegetação nativa- pastagem- cana-de-açúcar. Foram realizados dois estudos com o objetivo de determinar as emissões de GEE do solo em diferentes usos da terra em Valparaíso-SP, bem como caracterizar o fator de emissão dos principais insumos agrícolas utilizados em áreas de cana planta e cana soca. No primeiro estudo, foram avaliadas três áreas de uso da terra, compostas por vegetação nativa, pastagem e cana-de-açúcar. Entre os sistemas de usos da terra avaliados neste estudo, a pastagem apresentou a maior emissão de carbono equivalente (CO2-eq), no qual representou cerca de 41 vezes maior do que a vegetação nativa e 5,6 vezes maior do que a cana-de-açúcar. No segundo estudo, dois experimentos foram conduzidos simultaneamente para determinar os fluxos de emissões de gases do solo após a aplicação de fontes de carbono e nitrogênio durante diferentes fases do ciclo da cana-de-açúcar. Experimento I: realizado em uma área de plantio de cana-de-açúcar com aplicação de nitrato de amônio, calcário e torta de filtro, além de um tratamento controle sem aplicação de nenhum insumo. Experimento II: área de cana soca com aplicação de vinhaça e ureia no primeiro ano, e vinhaça no segundo ano. No primeiro experimento o revolvimento do solo no processo de plantio proporcionou as maiores emissões de GEE quando comparada a área de cana soca. Dentre os insumos aplicados na cana planta, a torta de filtro ou nitrato de amônio proporcionaram as maiores emissões de GEE do solo. Por outro lado, na área de cana soca, as maiores emissões foram verificadas quando houve a combinação de fertilizante orgânico e mineral (vinhaça e ureia), sendo que com a aplicação somente de vinhaça, o aumento das emissões foi menos intenso. Os fatores de emissão para C-CO2 e N-N2O relatados pelo IPCC ainda são maiores do que os observados neste estudo, realizado na região Centro-Sul do Brasil, no qual o maior fator de emissão foi observado para nitrato de amônio, com 0,13% para N-N2O, na estação chuvosa. A expansão das áreas plantadas de cana de açúcar tem importante papel na emissão de GEE, sendo necessários novos estudos sobre essa contribuição em distintas regiões de produção em todo o mundo, na busca de medidas menos emissoras, visando a sustentabilidade deste biocombustível

This study examines Wendell Berry’s cultural critique to identify implications for American education. It explores three themes in Berry’s fiction: land and place, community, and character, and considers Berry’s observations about education in his non-fiction and interviews. The health of natural resources is a fundamental value for Berry who believes that human beings have a moral obligation to be stewards of the Earth. Practicing stewardship enables the creation of valuable places. A vital connection links the health of the natural world and human community. Healthy communities are radically inclusive, work for a sustainable future, and care for those with special needs. Community “members” exemplify qualities of character, knowledge of the community, good work, and neighborliness, all essential for responsible stewardship. The study assesses Berry’s claims that: (1) formal schooling often lacks vibrant association with the local community; (2) our reliance on discrete academic disciplines fosters over-specialization and academic isolation; and (3) the standard for education should be revamped to focus on the health of the community rather than job preparation. American education often serves economic and political agendas that ignore the well-being of natural resources and human communities. In spite of our daunting challenges, Berry maintains hope and charts constructive steps forward. Students learn best, he believes, through apprenticeship and mentoring. The study concludes that with substantive changes education can play a major role in enabling students to grasp the needs of a healthy, life-supporting planet and to develop the skills, values, and disciplines of responsible community members. Replacing corporate-dominated, technology-driven, and shortsighted attitudes and behaviors with restorative practices and values requires commitment from all of society’s sectors, and perhaps especially from our schools, colleges, and universities.

Although the majority of scientists agree that we are facing unprecedented climate crises, higher education’s engagement with environmental and sustainability problems is lacking. While the role of human behavior on climate change has been well established by science, these insights have yet to be adequately applied by citizens, thus exacerbating the consequent economic and social problems (like inequity and poverty). In response to the imminent danger of climate change, calls have come for citizens to be mindful of their actions to reverse the deteriorating trajectory of environmental and sustainability decline. In particular, policymakers have deemed higher education classrooms a promising site for equipping future generations of citizens to engage with sustainability. Formal teaching and learning surrounding sustainability-related subject matter, or Education for Sustainability (EfS), is the process of developing students’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors toward sustainability. However, EfS is not being incorporated into the higher education curriculum with either the quantity or quality necessary to steer society toward social change. Therefore, the purpose of this dissertation study was to explore the amount of, and the effectiveness of, EfS in an institution of higher education, and to analyze whether EfS was related to students’ sustainability learning outcomes. Data collection took place at Michigan State University, a public, large-size, four-year institution. Students were surveyed at both the beginning and end of the fall 2017 semester to measure changes over one academic semester. Guided by the frameworks of opportunity to learn, cognitively responsive teaching, teaching for sustainability, and transformative sustainability learning outcomes, data were analyzed with logistic and ordinary least squares regression, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Results found that approximately two-thirds of participants reported that they had the opportunity to learn about sustainability. On average, neither cognitively responsive teaching, nor teaching for sustainability, pedagogical approaches were employed to teach sustainability. Interestingly, though, when instructors surfaced students’ prior knowledge about sustainability while teaching the subject, students’ sustainability behaviors increased over the course of the semester. As such, this study illustrated the importance of the pedagogical technique of utilizing students’ prior knowledge when teaching them about sustainability in higher education.

À medida que os edifícios se tornam obsoletos, seja pelo não atendimento às condições normais de uso, seja pela necessidade de incorporar elementos que melhorem o desempenho e a eficiência deste edifício, a sua reabilitação se mostra não somente viável como necessária. Grande parte dos impactos gerados pelo setor da construção civil provém dos edifícios existentes, que não foram concebidos segundo os conceitos de sustentabilidade atualmente aplicados. Por isto, reabilitar um edifício para torná-lo mais sustentável contribui para a redução dos impactos gerados no meio ambiente. Realizar uma reabilitação para tornar um edifício mais sustentável é possível através da introdução de novas tecnologias aos sistemas deste edifício que se mostram obsoletos. A tomada de decisão sobre o conjunto de tecnologias construtivas a serem utilizadas na reabilitação de um edifício deve ser realizada de acordo com as potencialidades de intervenção e limitações do próprio edifício, sendo que a escolha da melhor alternativa depende de diversas variáveis, específicas para cada empreendimento. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho é propor um processo para auxiliar a decisão dentre diferentes tecnologias de forma a tornar a reabilitação mais sustentável, sobretudo do ponto de vista ambiental. Para tanto, a metodologia foi baseada em estudos bibliográficos que, a partir da proposição de um processo de decisão, possibilitaram a definição de requisitos de sustentabilidade a serem considerados, além de tecnologias construtivas que atendem a estes requisitos. Espera-se, assim, que o presente trabalho possa contribuir para o processo de reabilitação de edifícios, estimulando o desenvolvimento sustentável desta atividade, contribuindo também para a redução de danos ao meio ambiente. / As buildings become obsolete, by not achieving the normal conditions of use, or by the need for incorporating elements to improve performance and efficiency of the building, rehabilitation shows to be not only feasible but necessary. Most impacts generated by the construction industry come from existing buildings, which were not designed according to sustainability concepts. Therefore, building rehabilitation can contribute to the reduction of environmental impacts. Rehabilitation to make buildings more sustainable is possible through the introduction of new construction technology improving systems of non-sustainable buildings. Decision making on a set of building technologies to be used in the rehabilitation of a building should be carried out according to the limitations of the building itself, and choosing the best alternative depends on several variables, specific to each project. Thus, the objective of this work is to propose a process to assist the decision among different technologies to make a sustainable rehabilitation by environment point of view. For this purpose, the methodology was based on a revision of the literature, first by the proposition of a decision making process that could support the definition of sustainability requirements to be considered in addition to building technologies that meet these requirements. Therefore, this work can be a contribution to the building rehabilitation process, encouraging sustainable development and contributing to the reduction of environmental damage in this activity.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-02-05Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:09:25Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 cohen_fpa_me_jabo.pdf: 309798 bytes, checksum: 0fd5225b1c906910cfb42403e27f7e2b (MD5) / Na última década, o comércio de espécies ornamentais marinhas sofreu uma expansão significativa em todo o mundo. Porém, esta indústria ainda depende de um grande número de práticas insustentáveis e precisa mudar urgentemente suas operações para evitar um colapso. Sob este cenário, a rastreabilidade e a certificação surgem como ferramentas importantes de gestão que podem ajudar esta indústria a seguir em direção à sustentabilidade. Esta indústria se baseia no comércio de milhares de espécies de pequeno porte, que são comercializadas vivas, de forma unitária, com alto valor de mercado. Estas características, juntamente com uma cadeia de abastecimento complexa e fragmentada, tornam a rastreabilidade de espécies ornamentais marinhas uma tarefa desafiadora. Neste estudo, apresentamos os métodos comumente usados para rastrear organismos aquáticos e discutimos suas adequações para espécies ornamentais marinhas. Foram analisados os métodos: certificação e etiquetas verdes, marcadores internos (fios codificados, implantes visíveis e transponder integrado passivo), marcadores externos (recorte de nadadeira, etiquetas externas e marcações térmicas e químicas), métodos analíticos (perfil de ácidos graxos, perfil de elementos químicos e isótopos estáveis), métodos moleculares (códigos de barras genético e códigos de barras microbiológico), cultivo de espécimes híbridos e comércio de espécies novas ou raras. O uso de impressões digitais bacterianas parece ser o método mais promissor para rastrear com sucesso os ornamentais marinhos, mas é mais provável que uma combinação de dois ou mais métodos de rastreabilidade precise ser implementada para suprir as características peculiares exibidas pelo comércio vivo de espécies ornamentais marinhas / In the last decade, the trade of marine ornamental species has experienced a significant expansion worldwide; however, this industry still relies on a large number of unsustainable practices (e.g., cyanide fishing and overexploitation of target species) and needs to shift urgently its operations to avoid collapsing. Under this scenario, traceability and certification emerge as important management tools that may help this industry to shift towards sustainability. This industry relies on the trade of thousands of small sized species that are traded live on a unitary basis, with high market value. These features, along with a fragment and complex supply chain, make the traceability of marine ornamental species a challenging task. In this study we present the most commonly used methods to trace aquatic organisms and discuss their suitability to trace marine ornamental species. The following methods were analyzed: certification and eco-labeling, internal markers (coded wire tags, visible implants, and passive integrated transponder), external markers (fin clipping, external tags, and thermal and chemical branding), analytical methods (fatty acids, elemental fingerprint, and stable isotopes), molecular methods (DNA barcodes and microbiological barcodes), breeding of hybrid specimens and trading new or rare species. The use of bacterial fingerprints appears to be the most promising method to successfully trace marine ornamentals, but it is most likely that a combination of two or more traceability methods need to be implemented to cover all the unique features displayed by the live trade of marine ornamental species

Innovative Business Models (BMs) are essential in commercialising new technologies that are initially seen as inferior. Battery second use (B2U) brings used batteries from an electric vehicle (EV) into a secondary storage application and holds the potential to improve the sustainability of EVs while generating value for stakeholders across the automotive and energy sectors, as well as for the environment and society (Gohla-Neudecker et al. 2015; Neubauer et al. 2015). However, important knowledge gaps exist as the potential value of second-life batteries and how to better extract that value are still poorly understood by both practitioners and researchers. To fill the knowledge gap, this study explores the BMs of repurposing a second life for the retired EV batteries through rich empirical case studies. The main outcomes of the research are firstly, a deeper understanding of the sustainable value of second-life batteries as is currently being achieved by industry, which also provides a comprehensive view of the potential value of B2U. Secondly, the critical B2U challenges are identified from a multi-stakeholder’s perspective across the value chain that present a fresh overview of the key factors that might impair the potential value of B2U. Thirdly, an empirically-generated typology of existing B2U business models is proposed that shows how B2U stakeholders are interacting in different ways to create and capture value from B2U. Fourthly, three critical BM design elements, namely, lifecycle thinking, system-level design and the shift to services are proposed as helpful aspects for B2U stakeholders to consider to better design their B2U business models. Fifthly, Business Model of a Technology (BMoT) is proposed as a new perspective to understand the value potential of second-life batteries and how to maximise the total value creation from B2U at the system level. The research has filled a literature gap, has met an industrial need, and has made contributions to knowledge on sustainability and BMs in the specific context of B2U. Practically, the findings have the potential to inspire practitioners toward better understanding the potential value of second-life batteries and improve their BMs to better extract value from B2U.

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo contribuir com a atividade de extração de rochas ornamentais, por meio de propostas com recomendações que possam indicar passos a serem seguidos (guidelines) para a sustentabilidade desse setor, utilizando como estudo de caso a região noroeste do Estado do Espírito Santo. Para isso são feitas propostas de planejamento em longo prazo por meio do Processo Prospectivo e, em mais curto prazo, por um esquema de certificação sustentável para a atividade, com vistas à sustentabilidade desse polo produtor, considerando sua importância e os problemas existentes. O Processo Prospectivo, feito mediante a utilização da abordagem inicial do Processo Prospectivo, com a varredura (scanning) do ambiente, e aplicado para a região noroeste do estado do Espírito Santo, apresentou-se como uma ferramenta adequada para atingir os objetivos do presente estudo, principalmente por apontar, a partir dos resultados, além da sua continuidade, também a viabilidade de implementar uma certificação de sustentabilidade para o setor de rochas ornamentais, pela concordância observada nos resultados obtidos, na visão dos stakeholders. Para a proposta de certificação sustentável foi feita uma pesquisa por meio de questionário com stakeholders chave da indústria de rochas ornamentais para identificar a percepção desses com relação à iniciativa, que incluiu tópicos gerais e específicos divididos em três temas principais: sustentabilidade da indústria de rochas ornamentais no Brasil; desafios para a sustentabilidade dessa indústria e deficiências e omissões da regulamentação vigente, relativa a esses desafios; e a viabilidade de um processo de certificação sustentável para a indústria de rochas ornamentais no Espírito Santo e a participação dos stakeholders e de seus órgãos nesse processo. Os resultados obtidos com o desenvolvimento do presente estudo permitem concluir que, na visão dos stakeholders da indústria de rochas ornamentais do Brasil, em especial na visão daqueles do estado de Espírito Santo, a formalização das empresas do setor, aliada a um processo de certificação, tem potencial para gerar benefícios significativos para o desenvolvimento local e/ou regional sustentável, o que coincide com outras experiências apresentadas na literatura vigente. Os resultados também mostraram que ainda há muito a ser estudado antes que uma certificação sustentável seja implementada, mas que há sinais encorajadores para a continuidade do trabalho, pois parte significativa dos stakeholders (sociedade, governo e empresários do setor) respondeu favoravelmente a essa iniciativa para o setor, até mesmo em âmbito nacional. Nesse sentido, é reforçada a importância da cooperação entre o setor, a sociedade e governo federal, estadual e municipal em todo o processo, de modo a se criar uma cultura que possibilite a sustentabilidade efetiva desse setor. Finalmente, o trabalho mostra que, apesar dos desafios existentes, as propostas de continuidade do Processo Prospectivo e de viabilização de um processo de certificação sustentável têm potencial para aprimorar a indústria de rochas ornamentais pela adoção de critérios, que visem não somente as questões de caráter econômico, como aquelas que melhorem a performance social e ambiental para a efetiva sustentabilidade dessa indústria. / This work aims to contribute with dimension stones industry by doing proposals and recommendations of guidelines to the sustainability of this industry, based on northwest region of Espirito Santo State as case study. Long term planning by applying the Foresight and of short term a Sustainability Certification Scheme are proposed in order to achieve the sustainability of the producer pole by considering its relevance and the existents problems. Foresight was applied for the northwest region using an initial approach of Foresight with the scanning of the environment, and it is presented as an appropriate tool to achieve the objectives of this study, mainly to point out from the results not only its continuity, but also the feasibility of implementing a sustainability certification scheme for the dimension stones industry, by the agreement observed in the results, in the view of stakeholders. For the sustainability certification scheme a survey was conducted with key stakeholders of the dimension stones industry to identify their perceptions regarding to the initiative, which included general and specific topics in three themes: sustainability of the dimension stones industry in Brazil; challenges to the sustainability of the dimension stones industry, and deficiencies and omissions of current regulatory processes regarding these challenges; and the feasibility of a sustainability certification scheme for the dimension stones industry in Espírito Santo State and the participation of entities/bodies/agencies in this process. The results obtained with the development of this study allow us to conclude that, in the view of stakeholders of the dimension stone industry in Brazil, especially the Espírito Santo State, the formalization of companies in the industry, combined with a certification process has the potential to generate significant benefits for local and/or regional sustainable development, which coincides with other experiences presented in current literature. The results also showed that there is still too much to be studied before a sustainability certification scheme is implemented, but there are encouraging signs for the continuity of the work, as a significant part of stakeholders (society, government and industry entrepreneurs) responded favorably to this initiative the industry, even at the national level. In this sense, it is reinforced the importance of cooperation between industry, society and federal, state and local government throughout the process, in order to create a culture that enables the sustainability of this sector. Finally, the study shows that despite the existing challenges, proposals for continuity of the Foresight and achieving a sustainability certification scheme have the potential to improve the dimension stones industry by adopting criteria that not only consider the economic issues of the industry, but also to improve its social and environmental performance for effective sustainability of this industry.

Although several sustainability implementation frameworks have been proposed, researchers have not yet proposed theories or models to help organisations speed up the rate of sustainability diffusion and narrow the gap between what is known and what is put into use. This study sought to fill this gap by proposing a sustainability diffusion model. The model was developed from an exhaustive review of the corresponding literature. It uses Rogers' (1962) diffusion of innovations theory and Ajzen's (1991) theory of planned behaviour as a theoretical foundation. The model was tested and its structural architecture was validated in three different sustainability contexts; namely, duplex printing in UK universities; sustainable computing in service-based businesses; and sustainability culture in UK universities. The primary data was analysed statistically using SPSS, and structural equation modelling (SEM) in particular was used to validate the structural architecture of the proposed model. The SEM results indicate that the structural architecture of the theory of planned behaviour is well-founded. All the hypotheses that underline the theory's paths were supported. In contrast, the structural architecture of the diffusion of innovations theory was weakly supported. Some of the paths were rejected in at least two occasions. For example, the relationship between pro-sustainability knowledge and attitude was neither statistically significant nor directional. Moreover, several components of the 'verified' model turned out to be statistically insignificant or were rejected altogether. These were knowledge, perceived self interest, perceived persuader legitimacy, perceived consequences, perceived argument quality, trialability and perceived source credibility. Accordingly, once these constructs were removed and the model was restructured in accordance with the results of SEM analysis, an entirely new version of the 'sustainability diffusion model' emerged (See Figure IX-2). The architecture of the new model suggests that in order to speed up the rate of sustainability diffusion, change agents must emphasise the relative advantage, compatibility, subjective norm and the urgency of the pro-sustainability initiative under implementation and de-emphasise any complexities or risks associated with its operationalisation. Unexpectedly, the new version of the proposed model relies more on Ajzen's (1991) theory of planned behaviour as a theoretical foundation than on Rogers' (1983) innovation-decision process model. In other words, the new model maintained almost all the features of the theory of planned behaviour, but it only absorbed some, but not all, of the components of Rogers' innovation-decision process model. Nevertheless, the new model maintained its holistic nature. It still takes into account both the person-specific and innovation-specific factors that influence the diffusion, adoption and actualisation of pro-sustainability behaviours/initiatives.

Orientador: Angélica Góis Morales / Coorientador: Fernando Ferrari Putti / Coorientador: Sandra Cristina de Oliveira / Resumo: O objetivo geral desta pesquisa é analisar a relação entre a gestão dos recursos hídricos, praticada em duas fecularias de mandioca do Escritório de Desenvolvimento Rural de Assis, e a Pegada Hídrica do produto final. Portanto, neste estudo multicasos, foi mensurada a Pegada Hídrica da mandioca, do processamento da mandioca para a produção de fécula e da fécula, e comparadas, por meio do coeficiente de correlação por postos de Spearman, as práticas de gerenciamento da água consideradas ideais em cada uma das fecularias estudadas. Ademais, foram identificadas as práticas efetivamente empreendidas. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio da aplicação de formulários semiestruturados e entrevistas. Como resultado, na Fecularia A, o total da Pegada Hídrica do produto final foi de 2.607,25 m³.ton-1 de fécula e na Fecularia B de 1.764,13 m³.ton-1 de fécula, enquanto as práticas consideradas ideais, segundo o Coeficiente de Spearman de 0,5857, possuem correlação positiva de moderada a forte. Igualmente, as práticas efetivamente realizadas são semelhantes e sugerem exercer influência sobre o resultado da Pegada Hídrica. Este trabalho possibilitou o conhecimento do consumo hídrico na produção da fécula de mandioca, de forma a evidenciar fatores, de ordem interna e externa às fecularias, influentes na apropriação do recurso hídrico nas mesmas. / Abstract: The general objective of this research is to analyze the relationship between the management of water resources, practiced in two cassava starch of the Office of Rural Development of Assis, and the Water Footprint of the final product. Therefore, in this multi-level study, was measured the Water Footprint of cassava, cassava processing for starch production, and starch, and were compared, by means of the Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient, water management practices considered ideal in each of the farms studied. In addition, the practices actually undertaken were identified. Data collection took place through the application of semi-structured forms and interviews. As a result, in Cassava Starch A, the total Water Footprint of the final product was 2,607.25 m³.ton-1 starch and in Cassava Starch B, 1,764.13 m³.ton-1 starch, while the practices considered ideal, according to the Spearman Coefficient of 0.5857, have a moderate to strong positive correlation. Equally, the practices actually carried out are similar and suggest influence on the result of the Water Footprint. This work made possible the knowledge of water consumption in the production of cassava starch, in order to show factors, internal and external to the cassava starch, influential in the appropriation of water resources in them. / Mestre