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Assessment of capacity development through public-private partnership: a case study of the Department of Economic Development and Environmental Affairs in the Eastern CapeSogoni, Mbulelo January 2011 (has links)
The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a capacity development programme initiated by the Department of Economic Development and Environmental Affairs (DEDEA) as a mechanism to enhance the performance of the employees in order to improve service delivery to the people of the Eastern Cape. The public service is enjoined by the Constitution to provide services that citizens need, and for this reason it is in need of educated, trained and professional public servants, especially in the technical, professional and managerial categories. The department also recognized the potential of public–private partnerships (PPPs) to improve performance in the areas of transformation and service delivery, and that it required investments aimed at developing and strengthening public management capacity. However, the effectiveness of the PPP as a mechanism for capacity development, remained unknown. The literature reviewed overwhelmingly supported the assertion that human capital development is critical for performance in the public service. The review also highlighted the importance of partnerships, especially the role of the private sector in the area of capacity development, advancing the argument that PPPs should be pursued in order to leverage ideas, resources, and capabilities to achieve public service goals. Various research tools, namely interviews, questionnaires and document analysis were used to conduct the study. Data collected and analysed provided empirical evidence of improved performance of both the individual managers and the department in the functional areas of financial governance and management; programme and project management; as well as ethics and professionalism. It suggested a strong correlation between training, capacity development and service delivery. This research found the DEDEA/National Business Initiative (NBI) PPP initiative, as a capacity development mechanism to enhance the performance of the department‟s employees, effective. On strength of the overwhelming evidence gathered through this research, it strongly recommends that the programme be rolled out to other employees.
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Assessing financial viability of selected urban and rural municipalities in the Eastern CapeMaclean, Sindisile January 2013 (has links)
The purpose of the research is to assess the financial viability of selected urban and rural municipalities in the Eastern Cape. Municipalities that are not financially viable and sustainable will always struggle to deliver basic services to communities. Without sound financial management systems, municipalities will be forced to discontinue their operations. Municipalities, particularly small and rural ones, are not self-sufficient and often rely on grants and transfers to satisfy their immediate short-term goal of providing basic services to satisfy the needs of their communities. Therefore, finance is regarded as an overriding and decisive factor for determining the viability of municipalities. The study seeks to investigate the financial viability of selected urban and rural municipalities in the Eastern Cape. Its key research questions are: Are municipalities able to provide sufficient funds to provide a range of services at an acceptable service level? To what extent do municipalities rely on external funding? Do municipalities have revenue collection capacity and revenue policies? The study asserts that most municipalities lack the required financial resources. They depend mainly on transfers from Provincial Government and equitable share and conditional grants from National Government. Section 152 (1) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, Act 8 of 1996, states, amongst other things, that Local Government should ensure the provision of services to communities in a sustainable manner. The constitution further states that a municipality must strive, within its financial and administrative capacity, to achieve its objectives. The Municipal Finance Management Act, Act 56 of 2003, creates a framework for municipalities to borrow money and determine the conditions for short- and long-term borrowing. The Act assigns clear roles and responsibilities to the various role players involved in local government financial management. According to the Act, an annual budget for a municipality may only be funded from realistically anticipated revenues to be collected. As revenue projections in the budget must be realistic, the Municipal Property Rates Act, Act 6 of 2004, facilitates the collection of revenue in municipalities and establishes a uniform property rating system across South Africa. Property tax is the biggest element of local government tax revenue and is central to municipal finance. The Municipal Systems Act, Act 32 of 2000, amongst its objectives, provides for the manner in which municipal powers and functions are exercised as well as establishes a simple framework for the core processes of planning, performance management and resource mobilisation. The Act also provides a framework for public administration and human resource development. Finally, it also empowers the poor and ensures that municipalities put in place service tariffs and credit control policies that take their needs into account. The research contends that, whilst there is legislation and structures to assist and direct municipalities, it has been established that municipalities do not properly collect rates and taxes due to them to augment their revenue. The study has shown nevertheless that metropolitan municipalities have the capacity to collect revenue for municipal services. This is confirmed by their collection rate which ranges between 94 % and 97 %. There is also the culture of non-payment by communities for services rendered by the municipalities. Rural municipalities are exempted from property tax, while other rural municipalities who have an urban component, have to collect. There is also the question of unemployment and poverty. Consequently, municipalities are not self-sufficient and rely on grants and equitable share to survive. As a result of this lack of self-sufficiency, it is difficult to implement service delivery and also difficult to attract skilled personnel. The study has investigated why some municipalities fail to collect revenue and depend on national grants. The study employed both qualitative and quantitative methods. The findings of the quantitative paradigm have been presented in the form of graphs and charts. The major findings include: All municipalities have limited borrowing capacity; have not exceeded their budgets in terms of their spending; small municipalities have households as their main contributor of revenue collected; metropolitan municipalities get the big slice of their revenue from business; small and rural municipalities rely on grants and transfers and are therefore not financially viable; metropolitan municipalities are, to a great extent, financially viable but lack skills and capacity to utilize their resources for effective service delivery; and all municipalities under-spend their budgets. The study, after elaborating on the findings, makes recommendations on how municipalities should become financially viable.
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The implication of fuel-wood use and governance to the local environment: a case study of Ward Seven of Port St Johns Municipality in the Eastern CapeNdamase, Zola January 2012 (has links)
The importance of ecological systems in supporting social systems has been identified as one of the most important facets of sustainable development. Consequently, a number of international and local laws and policy interventions have been established to ensure that natural resource use remains sustainable. In rural areas, overdependence on fuel wood has commonly been identified as one of the biggest threat to forestry ecosystems. This in turn has led to environmental degradation that includes among others species depletion, soil erosion and decline in water and air quality. Based on the myriad problems caused by over-reliance on fuel wood, this study sought to identify usage, management and perceived implication of woodland exploitation in Port St Johns local municipality in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Using interviews and questionnaires for key respondents in the local community, the study identified two key threats to socio-ecological stability resulting from wood fuel exploitation namely; high poverty levels and lack of coordination in the management of wood fuel resources. Apart from using fuel wood for domestic use, local fuel wood exploitation has been commercialized to augment household incomes. Lack of coordination in the management of natural resources has also created a vacuum in the exploitation and management of fuel wood resources. The study did not have inclination towards statistics such as chi-square and t-tests since the research questions and objectives did not refer to any relationship or significance level. The study recommends non-wood based alternative sources of energy, improved coordination and harmonization of functions among different stakeholders and emphasis on collaboration between traditional and local governance in the management fuel wood and the local physical environment. The study further recommends resuscitation of indigenous knowledge and socio-ecological stability
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An investigation of South Africa's policy response to climate change in the context of sustainable development goalsMthembu, Dumisani Emmanuel 01 1900 (has links)
Climate change is recognized as one of the environmental challenges with disastrous
consequences for the human well-being. Hence, there is no doubt that climate change
is not only a great environmental concern, but also a developmental challenge that
overlaps at many levels. Accordingly, the global community sees climate change and
sustainable development as two major challenges of the 21st century that require
urgent collective action. The aim of the study was to investigate and analyse South
Africa’s policy response in addressing climate change, also considering the added
dynamics and imperatives presented by the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
Development (AfSD) that enshrines 17 interwoven Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs) and 169 targets.
In order to fulfil this task, five research objectives were developed; namely: (i) to
determine the extent to which the South African government has been involved in
domesticating and localizing the SDGs agenda (in general) since its birth in January
2016, (ii) to identify policies and institutions dealing with climate change mitigation
(including sustainable consumption and production) and document the provisions of such policies, (iii) to determine policy coverage and institutional spread regarding the
addressing of climate change adaptation and adaptive capacity, (iv) to audit and
present an inventory of institutions and major financial arrangements existing as
means of implementing climate change policy in South Africa, and (v) to establish
measures in place to improve education, awareness-raising, and human and
institutional capacity development on climate mitigation and adaptation, impact
reduction and early warning.
A research methodology was adopted which took the form of evaluation research. This
research approach is mostly used in large bureaucratic organizations such as
government to determine the extent to which a programme or policy is effective. The
research design followed a Mixed-Methods Research (MMR), which combines
qualitative and quantitative approaches. Primary data was collected from purposefully
selected respondents, who participated in the online survey and face to face
interviews. The analysis of data entailed the reduction and display of data. Data reduction and
display made it possible to code, create themes and concepts; as well as enable the
study to make cogent inferences and rational conclusions. In addition, primary data
was complemented by document analysis that scrutinized relevant documents to
climate change and sustainable development.
The study concluded that South Africa has taken reasonable steps to achieve the
SDGs because the National Development Plan (NDP) which is aligned to the SDGs
was already being implemented. The study also showed that South Africa has put in
place institutional mechanisms to implement the SDGs, even though it took longer to
put them in place and have them operationalised. The study concluded that South
Africa has policies and strategies designed to respond to climate change mitigation
and adaptation. However, there are several challenges inherent in the policies and
strategies that make them ineffective, including policy implementation inertia. While
the study confirmed that there are institutions in place to implement climate change
policies and strategies; it emerged that capacity is concentrated at the national level, as opposed to the provincial and local government levels, and relies on few experts
which makes the system vulnerable and fragile.
Regarding funding for both climate change and the SDGs, it emerged that South Africa
does not budget enough money, and relies heavily on international donations. The
study further revealed that there is dissatisfaction with the public’s involvement in
climate change management in the country. It also highlighted the need to improve
early warning systems and preparedness to respond to extreme weather events.
Hence, the study suggests that there is a need for a serious introspection with regard
to the implementation model to ensure that the issues raised by the study are resolved. / Environmental Sciences / Ph. D. (Environmental Management)
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The impact of women's food security projects : a case of Ntsako and Jopi Villages in Greater Tzaneen Municipality, Limpopo ProvinceBaloyi, Ishmael Yingisani January 2016 (has links)
Thesis (M.Dev.) -- University of Limpopo, 2016 / This dissertation describes a study undertaken in Limpopo Province and is based on the
LADEP Project which was created through an established working partnership of the
Finnish government and LDA extension services. The study aimed to assess the impact
of women food security projects on household food security. For many poor people
globally, in particular in sub-Saharan Africa, food security continues to be a challenge
today. The poverty levels and increase in the prevalence of the HIV/AIDS pandemic,
reduced rainfall accompanied by changing climatic patterns, environmental degradation,
the complexities associated with urbanization, globalization as well as technology shift
in the agricultural sector and capitalistic market economies all play a role in the food
security crisis.
The study investigated the dynamics of food security in two villages in Limpopo
Province: Jopi and Ntsako. This research has highlighted some of the factors that
influence food economy and food security of poor rural dwellers. Achieving household
food security for poor rural households requires an integrated approach in terms of
poverty eradication as well as deliberate efforts with regards to food production and
distribution within a framework of ecological integrity, with an aim of empowering the
poor and ensuring that their household food security is guaranteed. The basic finding,
and the one which impacts directly on the household food security of Jopi and Ntsako
projects is that the majority of the people in these village depend on government
grants, and are therefore classified as poor. However, as a survival mechanism, some
women with experience in agriculture have resorted to farming, as well as initiating
group farming projects to improve their socio-economic situation. Given the threats to
sustainability of these projects, the study recommends that the government to mobilize
financial resources to support the activities of these projects. There is also an increased
demand for more training on various aspects of management and production for
members to maximize output. The study also identifies the significance of a continuous
monitoring and evaluation of projects on a regular basis.
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Paradigm shift from land redistribution to use of redistributed land for poverty alleviation and sustainable development in South AfricaSihlangu, Precious January 2021 (has links)
Thesis (LLD.) -- University of Limpopo, 2021 / Access to land in South Africa has become a pressing concern and one that needs
special attention. This is so despite the advent of democracy in 1994 which brought
legislative frameworks and other measures promoting access to land. This study seeks
to demonstrate the importance of accessibility of land to ensure realization of socio economic rights through productive use of land and consequently contribute to poverty
alleviation and sustainable development in South Africa. The study examines
adequacy of access to land and productive use of such land by evaluating the
effectiveness of delivery of land reform program. The study emphasises that
productive use of land should be strengthened in order to ensure acceleration of
realization of sustainable socio-economic rights such as provision of food and better
living conditions for land reform beneficiaries. The study further encourages the need
to strengthen legislative measures and compliance in order to improve the delivery of
post-settlement support services to land reform beneficiaries. The Legislation such as
Restitution of Land Rights Act, Provision of Land and Assistance Act , Extension of
Security tenure Act and Land Adjustment Act were promulgated and mainly aimed at
addressing and regulating the allocation or distribution of land to persons or
communities who were previously dispossessed of their land and further made
provisions for instances where one or more persons claim ownership of land, but do
not have registered title deeds in respect thereof, and to provide for incidental matters.
There is a need for radical enforcement of laws, legislation, and regulations promoting
access to land through restitution, redistribution and strengthening tenure reform in
order to realize the delivery and enjoyment of socio-economic rights through
productive use of land. This study reviews laws and regulations in an attempt to utilize
land as a tool to alleviate poverty and accelerate sustainable development in South
Africa, which will enable people to gain access to essential services particularly in rural
areas. Therefore, there is a need to ensure that redistributed land is used productively
to improve the lives of land reform beneficiaries
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Towards sustainable development : a participatory model for the water services sector in South AfricaNtsime, Patrick Thipe 09 1900 (has links)
This study is non-empirical and its design is based on three forms of analysis:
conceptualisation, theoretical justification and strategic considerations for a participatory
model in the water services sector in South Africa. In terms of the conceptualisation, the
study addresses the old and new paradigms of sustainable development. First, it argues that
for many years the concept of sustainable development has long dominated the development
discourse. Second, the theoretical justification traces the evolution and meanings of
sustainable development and also patterns and trends of the legacies of colonialism and
apartheid. The descriptive analysis of apartheid and colonialism suggests a new development
path for inclusive people-centred development. The study therefore postulates that in the
South African context, sustainable development is both a political and a historical construct.
This is the basis within which sustainable development should be understood.
Third, the study concludes that context plays an important part in understanding and
challenging the immoral and unjust practices of colonialism and apartheid which have
militated against sustainable human development. The study further provides a description of
the local government and water sectors and their underpinned legislative and policy
framework, and notes impressive results in the delivery of basic water supply since 1994.
However, the study argues that in order for municipalities to fulfil their constitutional
responsibilities as water services authorities, they need to adopt a participatory model
towards sustainable development since this is currently lacking. In doing so, the water
services sector needs to overcome dangers of parochialism which were more evident from the
supply-driven policy of the government. The study therefore draws lessons from three Latin
American countries: Chile, Bolivia and Nicaragua, and proposes a new developmental path
which conforms to the principles of sustainability. This development path is represented in
the form of a dynamic, diagrammatic model for participatory sustainable development. This
model displays successive stages and cycles of transaction between stakeholders. The model
represents a decision support system which provides a conceptual framework for the
diagnosis, consolidation and analysis of information. The model is thus a useful tool which
can be applied in the public sector during project or programme implementation. / Development Studies / D. Litt. et Phil. (Development Studies)
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Volhoubare voorsiening van geselekteerde munisipale dienste in Centurion : 'n polities-geografiese ondersoek / The sustainable provision of selected municipal services in Centurion : a politico-gepgraphical investigationDe Jager, Anna Elizabeth 11 1900 (has links)
Text in Afrikaans / In this study the relationship between political decision making, spatial change and
provision of selected municipal services was investigated. Legislation and policy,
spatial demarcation and local government structures are determined by political
decision making on various government levels. The international system as well as
the local history and factors leading to spatial change impact on municipal
demarcation and service delivery. Demographic change due to re-delimitation of
boundaries, densification within the area of jurisdiction and immigration imply that
service requirements change.
In 1994/5, the rural and residential areas were incorporated to the former
Verwoerdburg and formed the Southern Pretoria Metropolitan Substructure
(Centurion). In December 2000 Centurion lost its autonomous status and was
incorporated as administrative unit into the larger Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality.
Restructuring have implications for the political representation of communities, the
spatial extension of service networks, priority areas, and the location of service
provision points. / In hierdie studie is die verband tussen politieke besluitneming, ruimtelike verandering
en die lewering van geselekteerde munisipale dienste ondersoek. Wetgewing en
beleid, ruimtelike afbakening en plaaslikeowerheidstrukture word deur politieke
besluitneming op verskillende regeringsvlakke bepaal. Die internasionale sisteem,
asook plaaslike historiese gebeure en aanleidende faktore tot ruimtelike verandering
het 'n impak op beide munisipale afbakening en dienslewering. Demografiese
verandering as gevolg van die herbepaling van grense, verdigting binne die
regsgebied en immigrasie impliseer dat diensbehoeftes verander.
Landelike en residensiele gebiede is in 1994/5 by die voormalige Verwoerdburg
geinkorporeer om die Suidelike Pretoria Metropolitaanse Substruktuur (Centurion)
te vorm. In Desember 2000 het die Stadsraad van Centurion sy outonome status
verloor en is as administratiewe eenheid by die groter Tshwane Metropolitaanse
Munisipaliteit geinkorporeer.
Herstrukturering het implikasies vir die politieke verteenwoordiging wat gemeenskappe
geniet, die ruimtelike uitbreiding van diensnetwerke, prioriteitsgebiede en die
plasing van dienstevoorsieningspunte. / Geography / M.A. (Geografie)
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Community group environment for people participation and empowermentDiale, Nkgodi Race 11 1900 (has links)
This study explores participatory development methods which may
be engaged with a smaller community interest group to create an
environment conducive to free and effective participation towards
empowering more participants in rural communities. The study was
conducted in Makhuduthamaga Municipal area in Sekhukhune
District of Limpopo Province. The data was collected through
participants observation during application of Participatory Rural
Appraisal techniques , community groups, documents reviews, and
groups and individual interviews. The study looked into
participation procedures and pattern during Participatory Rural
Appraisal techniques, groups' institutionalisation and internal
participation environment. The study also conducted comparative
analysis between community interest groups and organisational
linkage structures, in order to establish how free and conducive the
groups' internal environments are between the cases.
The study found that: interest groups are more common, accessible
and empowering in rural communities than organisational linkage
structures. People participate and attain self-esteem and selfreliance,
making them participate and develop a sense of
responsibility and ownership. The findings will therefore inform
development agents in government departments and NGOs about the
elements to consider in the implementation of development
programmes, and to make appropriate choice of partic ipatory
models for effective partic ipation and empowerment. The stud y's
theoretical contribution is in sustenance participation theory,
which argues that for people to effectively participate in their
development, they should be made to participate by being given
responsibilities which may motivate them to participate in finding
solutions, own the outcomes, and participate toward sustaining
them. / Development Studies / D.Phil. (Development Studies)
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The role of innovation in economic developmentEggink, Maria Elizabeth 11 1900 (has links)
The aim of this study is to determine the role that innovation plays in economic development and how an economic environment can be created that is conducive to innovation. The urgent need for development in large parts of the world indicates the importance of the increase in innovative activities because innovation is indicated as the “engine of growth and development”.
It was found that innovation takes place within an innovation system and should be studied from a system perspective. The system perspective implies that there are different participants and that these participants function individually but that they also interact (wittingly or unwittingly) with one another. The innovation system is defined as a system that includes the participants or actors and their activities and interactions, as well as the socio-economic environment within which these actors or participants function, which determine the innovative performance of the system. A system approach is therefore necessary to study the influence of innovation on development.
The role that innovation plays in economic development has been established by means of the historical patterns of economic development and major innovations as well as an analysis of literature of empirical studies. The historical pattern indicates the importance of innovation for economic development, but literature revealed the complexity of the relationship due to the non-linear relationship among different actors or participants in an innovation system. The main determinants of innovation was identified and a conceptual, descriptive model for an innovation system was developed, indicating the different participants, their roles, the interaction among them, and the economic environment within which the participants function. The model was applied to the Mpumalanga province in South Africa as case study. Strengths and weaknesses were identified in the Mpumalanga innovation system and recommendations were made for the improvement of the Mpumalanga innovation system which in turn should lead to an improvement in the economic development of the province. / Economics / D.Comm. (Economics)
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