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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
201

Estudo da absorção de ondas eletromagnéticas de alta freqüência em plasmas inomogêneos com presença de corrente

Cavalcanti, Claudio Jose de Holanda January 1993 (has links)
Neste trabalho estudamos as propriedades dielétricas de plasmas inomogêneos, com ênfase na análise dos efeitos de inomogeneidades sobre a absorção de ondas eletromagnéticas em plasmas portadores de corrente. Inicialmente, apresentamos uma revisão sobre alguns aspectos básicos relacionados com a propagação e absorção de ondas eletromagnéticas em um plasma; nesta revisão discutimos alguns aspectos da literatura disponível sobre o tratamento da relação de dispersão em plasmas inomogêneos e sobre a obtenção do tensor dielétrico em meios inomogêneos. A seguir, utilizamos expressões gerais para as componentes do tensor dielétrico, obtidas da literatura, e as particularizamos para o caso de ondas de alta freqüência propagando-se em um plasma caracterizado por uma corrente na distribuição eletrônica, ao longo da direção do campo magnético. Realizamos então uma análise numérica com o objetivo de estudar a influência dos parâmetros do plasma e seus gradientes sobre o coeficiente de absorção de ondas eletromagnéticas de alta freqüência, propagando-se perpendicularmente ao campo magnético externo. Estudamos também os efeitos da inomogeneidade sobre a absorção de radiação de ciclotron em um plasma de tokamak, descrito de forma aproximada por uma lâmina de plasma com perfis espaciais para os parâmetros do plasma. Este cálculo não incluiu os efeitos da inomogeneidade no campo magnético, e mostrou que as inomogeneidades nos demais parâmetros não têm efeito significativo na absorção em tokamaks, ao menos para as situações de inomogeneidades suaves consideradas em nosso modelo. / In the present work we have studied the dielectric properties of inhomogeneous plasmas, emphasizing the analysis of inhomogeneity effects on the absorption of electromagnetic waves by current-carrying plasmas. Initially, we presented a review about some basic features related to propagation and absorption of electromagnetic waves in plasmas; in the review we discussed some topics from the available literature, about the treatment of the dispersion relation for inhomogeneous plasmas and about the procedures for derivation of the dielectric tensor for inhomogeneous plasmas. We have then utilized general expressions for the dielectric tensor components, obtained from the literature, in order to study the particular case of high-frequency waves propagating in a plasma featuring an electronic current along the direction of the magnetic field. A numerical analysis was then conducted, in order to study the influence of plasma parameters and their gradients on the absorption coefficient for high-frequency electromagnetic waves propagating perpendicularly to the ambient magnetic field. We have also studied the inhomogeneity effects on the absorption of electron cyciotron radiation by a tokamak plasma, with the tokamak described approximately by a plasma slab with spatial profiles for the plasma parameters. The study has not explicitly included the effects of magnetic field inhomogeneity, and it has shown that the gradients of other plasma parameters have no significant effect on the absorption by tokamak plasmas, at least in the case of smooth inhomogeneities considered in the model utilized.
202

Estudo da absorção de ondas eletromagnéticas de alta freqüência em plasmas inomogêneos com presença de corrente

Cavalcanti, Claudio Jose de Holanda January 1993 (has links)
Neste trabalho estudamos as propriedades dielétricas de plasmas inomogêneos, com ênfase na análise dos efeitos de inomogeneidades sobre a absorção de ondas eletromagnéticas em plasmas portadores de corrente. Inicialmente, apresentamos uma revisão sobre alguns aspectos básicos relacionados com a propagação e absorção de ondas eletromagnéticas em um plasma; nesta revisão discutimos alguns aspectos da literatura disponível sobre o tratamento da relação de dispersão em plasmas inomogêneos e sobre a obtenção do tensor dielétrico em meios inomogêneos. A seguir, utilizamos expressões gerais para as componentes do tensor dielétrico, obtidas da literatura, e as particularizamos para o caso de ondas de alta freqüência propagando-se em um plasma caracterizado por uma corrente na distribuição eletrônica, ao longo da direção do campo magnético. Realizamos então uma análise numérica com o objetivo de estudar a influência dos parâmetros do plasma e seus gradientes sobre o coeficiente de absorção de ondas eletromagnéticas de alta freqüência, propagando-se perpendicularmente ao campo magnético externo. Estudamos também os efeitos da inomogeneidade sobre a absorção de radiação de ciclotron em um plasma de tokamak, descrito de forma aproximada por uma lâmina de plasma com perfis espaciais para os parâmetros do plasma. Este cálculo não incluiu os efeitos da inomogeneidade no campo magnético, e mostrou que as inomogeneidades nos demais parâmetros não têm efeito significativo na absorção em tokamaks, ao menos para as situações de inomogeneidades suaves consideradas em nosso modelo. / In the present work we have studied the dielectric properties of inhomogeneous plasmas, emphasizing the analysis of inhomogeneity effects on the absorption of electromagnetic waves by current-carrying plasmas. Initially, we presented a review about some basic features related to propagation and absorption of electromagnetic waves in plasmas; in the review we discussed some topics from the available literature, about the treatment of the dispersion relation for inhomogeneous plasmas and about the procedures for derivation of the dielectric tensor for inhomogeneous plasmas. We have then utilized general expressions for the dielectric tensor components, obtained from the literature, in order to study the particular case of high-frequency waves propagating in a plasma featuring an electronic current along the direction of the magnetic field. A numerical analysis was then conducted, in order to study the influence of plasma parameters and their gradients on the absorption coefficient for high-frequency electromagnetic waves propagating perpendicularly to the ambient magnetic field. We have also studied the inhomogeneity effects on the absorption of electron cyciotron radiation by a tokamak plasma, with the tokamak described approximately by a plasma slab with spatial profiles for the plasma parameters. The study has not explicitly included the effects of magnetic field inhomogeneity, and it has shown that the gradients of other plasma parameters have no significant effect on the absorption by tokamak plasmas, at least in the case of smooth inhomogeneities considered in the model utilized.
203

Estudo da absorção de ondas eletromagnéticas de alta freqüência em plasmas inomogêneos com presença de corrente

Cavalcanti, Claudio Jose de Holanda January 1993 (has links)
Neste trabalho estudamos as propriedades dielétricas de plasmas inomogêneos, com ênfase na análise dos efeitos de inomogeneidades sobre a absorção de ondas eletromagnéticas em plasmas portadores de corrente. Inicialmente, apresentamos uma revisão sobre alguns aspectos básicos relacionados com a propagação e absorção de ondas eletromagnéticas em um plasma; nesta revisão discutimos alguns aspectos da literatura disponível sobre o tratamento da relação de dispersão em plasmas inomogêneos e sobre a obtenção do tensor dielétrico em meios inomogêneos. A seguir, utilizamos expressões gerais para as componentes do tensor dielétrico, obtidas da literatura, e as particularizamos para o caso de ondas de alta freqüência propagando-se em um plasma caracterizado por uma corrente na distribuição eletrônica, ao longo da direção do campo magnético. Realizamos então uma análise numérica com o objetivo de estudar a influência dos parâmetros do plasma e seus gradientes sobre o coeficiente de absorção de ondas eletromagnéticas de alta freqüência, propagando-se perpendicularmente ao campo magnético externo. Estudamos também os efeitos da inomogeneidade sobre a absorção de radiação de ciclotron em um plasma de tokamak, descrito de forma aproximada por uma lâmina de plasma com perfis espaciais para os parâmetros do plasma. Este cálculo não incluiu os efeitos da inomogeneidade no campo magnético, e mostrou que as inomogeneidades nos demais parâmetros não têm efeito significativo na absorção em tokamaks, ao menos para as situações de inomogeneidades suaves consideradas em nosso modelo. / In the present work we have studied the dielectric properties of inhomogeneous plasmas, emphasizing the analysis of inhomogeneity effects on the absorption of electromagnetic waves by current-carrying plasmas. Initially, we presented a review about some basic features related to propagation and absorption of electromagnetic waves in plasmas; in the review we discussed some topics from the available literature, about the treatment of the dispersion relation for inhomogeneous plasmas and about the procedures for derivation of the dielectric tensor for inhomogeneous plasmas. We have then utilized general expressions for the dielectric tensor components, obtained from the literature, in order to study the particular case of high-frequency waves propagating in a plasma featuring an electronic current along the direction of the magnetic field. A numerical analysis was then conducted, in order to study the influence of plasma parameters and their gradients on the absorption coefficient for high-frequency electromagnetic waves propagating perpendicularly to the ambient magnetic field. We have also studied the inhomogeneity effects on the absorption of electron cyciotron radiation by a tokamak plasma, with the tokamak described approximately by a plasma slab with spatial profiles for the plasma parameters. The study has not explicitly included the effects of magnetic field inhomogeneity, and it has shown that the gradients of other plasma parameters have no significant effect on the absorption by tokamak plasmas, at least in the case of smooth inhomogeneities considered in the model utilized.
204

Optical-Based Microsecond Latency MHD Mode Tracking Through Deep Learning

Wei, Yumou January 2024 (has links)
Active feedback control in magnetic confinement fusion devices is desirable to mitigate plasma instabilities and enable robust operation. Among various diagnostics, optical high-speed cameras provide a powerful, non-invasive diagnostic and can be suitable for these applications. This thesis reports the first application of high-speed imaging videography and deep learning as real-time diagnostics of rotating MHD modes in a tokamak device. The developed system uses a convolutional neural network (CNN) to predict the amplitudes of the ?=1 sine and cosine mode components using solely optical measurements acquired from one or more cameras. Using the newly assembled high-speed camera diagnostics on the High Beta Tokamak – Extended Pulse (HBT-EP) device, an experimental dataset consisting of camera frame images and magnetic-based mode measurements was assembled and used to develop the mode-tracking CNN model. The optimized models outperformed other tested conventional algorithms given identical image inputs. A prototype controller based on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) hardware was developed to perform real-time mode tracking using the high-speed camera diagnostic with the mode-tracking CNN model. In this system, a trained model was directly implemented in the firmware of an FPGA device onboard the frame grabber hardware of the camera’s data readout system. Adjusting the model size and its implementation-related parameters allowed achieving an optimal trade-off between a model’s prediction accuracy, its FPGA resource utilization and inference speed. Through fine-tuning these parameters, the final implementation satisfied all of the design constraints, achieving a total trigger-to-output latency of 17.6 ?s and a throughput of up to 120 kfps. These results are on-par with the existing GPU-based control system using magnetic sensor diagnostic, indicating that the camera-based controller will be capable to perform active feedback control of MHD modes on HBT-EP.
205

Turbulence, transport et confinement : des tokamaks au magnétisme des étoiles

Strugarek, Antoine 19 November 2012 (has links) (PDF)
Cette thèse s'inscrit dans le contexte de l'étude de l'auto-organisation des plasmas chauds magnétisés. Nous nous intéressons en particulier aux deux objets que sont les étoiles et les tokamaks. Nous les étudions à l'aide de simulations numériques en utilisant des codes premiers principes dans le contexte des phénomènes de turbulence, de transport et de confinement dans les plasmas. La première partie de cette thèse s'attache à donner une introduction sur les caractéristiques des plasmas des étoiles et des tokamaks, ainsi que sur les raisons qui nous ont poussé à les étudier conjointement. Puis, nous développons en deuxième partie des travaux appliqués aux étoiles. A l'aide de simulations numériques, nous étudions pour la première fois en géométrie sphérique et en 3D l'interaction des mouvements turbulents avec un champ magnétique interne dans le Soleil, dans la région de la tachocline qui agit comme une barrière de transport du moment cinétique. Nous montrons qu'un tel champ magnétique ne peut expliquer l'épaisseur de la tachocline que nous observons, et donnons des pistes de réflexion pour comprendre cette épaisseur. Nous explorons également dans cette partie les implications que l'environnement d'une étoile (en particulier le vent de l'étoile, et les planètes gravitant autour) peut avoir sur son organisation interne. Cette étude nous permet aussi d'étudier l'interaction des vents stellaires avec les magnétosphères planétaires qui agissent comme des barrières de transport pour la matière. Des travaux spécifiques aux tokamaks sont ensuite présentés dans une troisième partie. Nous y développons une étude numérique des mécanismes expérimentaux conduisant à la création de barrières de transport dans les tokamaks. Ces barrières de transport permettent l'accès à des régimes de fusion nucléaire performants. Pour la première fois, nous montrons théoriquement comment déclencher la formation de ces barrières dans des simulations turbulentes de codes premiers principes. Enfin, la dernière partie présente les résultats des réflexions communes issue de cette thèse fai- sant le pont entre deux communautés scientifiques. L'utilisation d'une méthode spectrale originale pour l'analyse de phénomènes multi-échelles y est exposée. Elle est successivement développée puis appliquée pour mettre en évidence les mécanismes de saturation de la dynamo stellaire et de l'instabilité du gradient de température ionique dans les tokamaks. Un modèle unique traitant de l'interaction entre la turbulence et les écoulements de grande échelle est ensuite développé à la fois dans le contexte de la tachocline solaire et dans celui des tokamaks, formalisant l'analogie qui existe entre les deux objets de notre étude.
206

An investigation of MARFE induced H-L back transitions

Friis, Zachary Ward 21 September 2005 (has links)
The common observation that the onset of a core MARFE (edge localized, poloidally asymmetric, highly radiating region) is followed immediately by a High-to-Low confinement mode transition in DIII-D was investigated by comparing a theoretical prediction of the threshold non-radiative power across the separatrix needed to maintain H-mode with an experimental determination of the non-radiative power flowing across the separatrix. It was found that in three shots with continuous gas fueling that the increased neutral influx associated with the MARFE formation caused a sharp increase in the predicted threshold non-radiative power crossing the separatrix that was required for the plasma to remain in H-mode to a value comparable to the experimental power crossing the separatrix, indicating a theoretical prediction of a H-L transition in agreement with experimental observation.
207

Modélisation du transport turbulent de moment angulaire dans les plasmas de tokamak - Une approche gyrocinétique quasi-linéaire

Cottier, Pierre 28 October 2013 (has links) (PDF)
Le confinement magnétique dans les tokamaks est à l'heure actuelle la voie la plus avancée pour produire de l'énergie par fusion thermonucléaire. Des études théoriques et expérimentales ont montré que la génération de rotation permet d'en augmenter les performances par la réduction du transport turbulent à l'œuvre dans les plasmas de tokamaks. L'influence de la rotation sur les flux turbulents de chaleur et de particules ainsi que le transport du moment angulaire sont étudiés par simulation numérique dans le cadre du code gyro-cinétique, quasi-linéaire QuaLiKiz. A cette occasion, le code QuaLiKiz est modifié pour prendre en compte la rotation du plasma et calculer le flux de moment angulaire. Il est montré que le cadre de travail de QuaLiKiz permet de calculer le flux de moment angulaire y compris le stress résiduel induit par le cisaillement du champ électrique radial ainsi que l'effet de la rotation sur les flux de chaleur et de particules. Les approximations majeures du formalisme utilisé, en particulier la représentation de ballonnement à son ordre le plus bas et l'utilisation de fonctions propres analytiques calculées dans la limite hydrodynamiques, sont analysées en détail et leur validité vérifiée. La construction des flux quasi-linéaires est ensuite détaillée et le flux quasi-linéaire de moment angulaire dérivé. Les différentes contributions au flux turbulent de moment angulaire sont étudiées et comparées avec succès à la fois aux données de simulations gyro-cinétiques non-linéaires ainsi qu'aux données expérimentales.

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