This thesis contributes to the understanding of the role of institutions as a factor for the development of Science Park projects. Semi-structured interviews have been conducted to find out the institutional factors given by Science Park Promotion Agency (SPA), supported by Ministry of Science and Technology, Thailand in response to Regional Science Parks in Thailand. Research findings show that steady standard of practice, explicit governance, continued budget allocation and capacity building are regarded crucial. Yet, other empirical results suggest that some institutions should be adjusted in a holistic manner in order to accelerate the innovation process in the long run. Furthermore, the results illustrate a growing tendency of interplay between different roles of institutional spheres - academia, industries and public sectors. Overall, this thesis tends to benefit policy-makers involving in the Science Park development project, helping them perceive the implications of their on-going measures to Regional Science Park and related national innovation systems.

<p> Triples and the categories of triple algebras are relativized by a full faithful functors. The Tripleability Theorem in [1] is correspondingly relativized. The concept of the rank of a triple becomes intrinsic in this setting. Preservation of non-existing limits is interpreted in terms of limit-colimit commutation property. This is used to account for the usual description of the category of algebras as the cateeory of all product preserving setvalued functors on the opposite category of free algebras. </p> / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

<p> The phonon dispersion relation in the principal symmetry directions of a crystal of Cu-Ni-Zn was measured at 298°K by means of inelastic scattering of thermal neutrons. The specimen had an electronic concentration per atom very close to that of pure copper and it came as no surprise that no significant shift in the phonon spectrum relative to that of pure copper could be observed. </p> <p> The particular specimen used had a poor mosaic distribution; this contribution was taken into account in the calculation of the line shape and it was found that the widths of the neutron groups could be well accounted for in this way. </p> <p> The appendix is divided into six parts, four of which contain a description of projects of secondary importance that were realized. </p> / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

Background and Objectives: Mesothelin, identified as a tumor-associated biomarker, is more often overexpressed in triple receptor-negative breast cancer (TNBC) than in common luminal breast tumor subtype or normal tissues. The objective of this systematic review is to determine the association between the expressions of mesothelin with survival outcomes in patients with TNBC. Methods We searched the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, and Web of Science with no time or language restriction till May 19, 2016. Any prospective or retrospective longitudinal studies that investigate the prognosis of TNBC with mesothelin baseline measurement were selected. Two reviewers independently assessed every article for inclusion, extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality of every eligible trial. Pooled measures of associations were summarized with meta-analyses. Results and conclusions Among the 592 patients with TNBC included in the four eligible studies, 269 patients (45.4%) demonstrated mesothelin expression. For the primary outcome OS, we found the trend toward decreased survival for patients with mesothelin-positive TNBC than those without mesothelin expression. We also found that for long-term OS, the association was statistically significant (OR = 0.46; 95% CI= 0.30 to 0.73; P< 0.001). For the secondary outcomes, we found that mesothelin expression in patients with TNBC was associated with lower DFS and higher overall mortality than those without mesothelin expression. Despite the limitations of sample size, this present study shows a significant association between mesothelin expressions and survival outcomes in patients with TNBC. Patients with mesothelin-positive TNBC could benefit from mesothelin-targeted immunotherapies recently in the development. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc) / It is unclear whether mesothelin expression in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an independent prognostic marker for survival. To the best of our knowledge, no systematic review or meta-analysis has ever been done on this topic. The present systematic review aims to evaluate the role of mesothelin as a prognostic marker for TNBC. The primary objective of this review is to synthesize available evidence on the association between the expression of mesothelin and overall survival (OS) of patients with TNBC. The secondary objectives include determining the relationship between the expression of mesothelin and disease-free survival (DFS), distant metastases, and mortality. Despite some limitations, this study shows a significant association between mesothelin expressions and long-term OS rate as well as DFS rate and mortality rate in patients with TNBC. Mesothelin has a prognostic significance for patients with mesothelin based on our findings. Patients with mesothelin-positive TNBC could benefit from mesothelin-targeted immunotherapies in development.

No description available.

Under de senaste årtiondena har ekonomisk globalisering varit ett faktum och den globala handeln har ständigt ökat. Många företag använder idag en global inköpsstrategi för att kunna effektivisera sin verksamhet, tillgodose sina kunders behov, minimera sina inköpskostnader och maximera sina vinster. Men den globala handeln har gjort försörjningskedjan mer komplex och företag upplever idag svårigheter att kontrollera leverantörer genom sin försörjningskedja. Det har lett till att leverantörers verksamheter sköts oansvarigt och de globala inköpen påverkar de ekologiska, sociala och ekonomiska aspekterna i triple bottom line på ett negativt sätt.   Studien syftar därför till att undersöka hur företag som är verksamma i norra Sverige, från Gävle i söder till Treriksröset i norr, arbetar med globala inköp utifrån triple bottom line genom sin försörjningskedja. Genom att skapa en modell som kan fungera som vägledning för hur företag kan arbeta med globala inköp, samt bidra med ny kunskap och vägledning inom ämnet lyder studiens problemformulering enligt följande:  Hur arbetar företag i norra Sverige med globala inköp utifrån triple bottom line genom sin försörjningskedja?  Den modell som skapats av författarna är baserad på den linjära inköpsprocessmodellen. Modellen har kompletterats med befintlig teori och litteratur inom studiens ämne för att beskriva den globala inköpsprocess och de steg och aktiviteter företag genomgår vid globala inköp. Vidare i studien har modellen utvecklats ytterligare baserat på det empiriska data som samlats in. Det empiriska datat är insamlat från åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer tillsammans med respondenter som har goda kunskaper inom globala inköp och arbetar på företag verksamma i norra Sverige. Studien bidrar i sin helhet med att skapa en förståelse för hur företag i norra Sverige arbetar med globala inköp utifrån triple bottom line genom sin försörjningskedja. Samt vilka konsekvenser globala inköp kan innebära för de tre aspekterna och vilka arbetssätt företag kan använda för att minimera konsekvenserna.   Studien resulterar i fyra slutsatser: För det första har företagen, trots föreliggande utmaningar, ett starkt fokus på triple bottom line när de arbetar med globala inköp. Vidare strävar även majoriteten av företagen efter att vara proaktiva istället för reaktiva i sitt globala inköpsarbete. Dessutom är kontrollen genom hela försörjningskedjan bristande eftersom samtliga företag gör djupgående kontroller av sina huvudleverantörer, men endast ett fåtal kontrollerar sina underleverantörer. Till sist går det att se att globalt inköpsarbete är under förändring till följd av nytillkommen lagstiftning och påverkan från händelser i omvärlden.

Nous considérons un système mécanique en vibration non linéaire, pour lequel nous fournissons une solution approchée par l'utilisation des développements multiples échelles; nous proposons d'abord une étude avec double échelles puis avec triple échelles où nous comparons les deux approches. Une preuve rigoureuse de ces développements a été faite. L'étude de la stabilité de la solution est nécessaire pour montrer la convergence au voisinage de la résonance. Un lien entre l'amplitude de la réponse vibratoire et la fréquence du système en vibration libre a été mis en évidence. / We consider small solutions of a vibrating mechanical system with smooth non-linearities for which we provide an approximate solution by using multiple scale analysis; we first use a double scale analysis; in order to improve the approximation, then we perform a triple scale analysis; a rigorous proof of convergence of the triple scale method is included; for the forced response, a stability result is needed in order to prove convergence in a neighborhood of a primary resonance. The amplitude of the response with respect to the frequency forcing is described and it is related to the frequency of a free periodic vibration.

O objetivo deste trabalho é elucidar a relação da percepção dos docentes e profissionais sobre as competências para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável Corporativo (DSC), comparando o que é ensinado nos cursos de administração ao que é necessário na prática, em relação às competências para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável (DS), em organizações no Brasil. Levando em consideração o conceito de DSC e o Triple Bottom Line (TBL), existem competências específicas para a gestão deste DS: competências organizacionais (ligadas ao DSC, por meio de estratégias para alcançar o conceito de TBL de DS); competências distintivas (que abrangem as competências em cada uma das dimensões do TBL) e competências foco (que abordam as dimensões em conjunto) e ainda ter a formação em competências individuais (abrangidas normalmente nos cursos de administração de forma geral), para conseguir conjuntamente com as competências desenvolvidas pela organização melhor gerir os objetivos do DS. Para tanto é necessário a Educação para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável (EDS) inserida em conteúdos dos cursos de administração, e que tem como objetivo o enfoque em se construir uma sociedade que se desenvolva de maneira sustentável, preparando profissionais que conheçam gestão para atuarem em organizações de diferentes maneiras em busca do desenvolvimento sem prejudicar o ambiente para que ele se mantenha para gerações futuras. Assim, para se alcançar o objetivo proposto, esta pesquisa foi efetuada uma pesquisa de levantamento por amostragem (amostra por conveniência) com profissionais do DS nas organizações brasileiras; e com coordenadores de curso e docentes, ainda houve a pesquisa documental por meio de uma análise de conteúdo dos Projetos Pedagógicos de Curso (PPC), planos de ensino, grades curriculares e ementas de cursos de administração com notas quatro e cinco no Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes (ENADE) e/ou signatários do Principles for Responsible Management Education (PRME); a terceira etapa se constituiu da comparação dos dados obtidos nestas duas etapas anteriores e finalmente a etapa quatro que relacionou todas as etapas para responder o objetivo geral do trabalho. Dentre os principais resultados obtidos têm-se que há concordância entre os docentes e profissionais no que tange ao conceito de DS, ambos percebem o TBL como principal; no entanto quando comparados com os conteúdos encontrados nos documentos analisados a maioria destes não possuem a abordagem TBL, mas tendem a ter mais assuntos relacionados à dimensão ambiental, que acaba por coincidir com a maior área de atuação dos profissionais que responderam a esta pesquisa; sobre a abordagem dada ao DS, todos concordam que o mesmo deve estar diretamente ligado às estratégias das organizações. Apesar destas concordâncias, o que ocorre nas organizações ainda está distante da visão dos acadêmicos. O outro resultado importante deste trabalho é que os profissionais e acadêmicos concordam que o administrador precisa saber trabalhar de forma interdisciplinar, unindo questões financeiras, ambientais e sociais; ter pensamento sistêmico; conhecer o modelo do TBL e ter resiliência, dentre as competências do profissional. Já em relação às competências distintivas, ambos concordam que as mais importantes estão relacionadas à dimensão social; e sobre as competências foco, ambos concordam que as mais importantes estão relacionadas a abordar o TBL de forma completa e sempre voltado ao benefício de todos os stakeholders. Baseando-se nestes resultados foram propostos modelos de melhoria do EDS para os cursos de administração. / The objective of this research is to elucidate the relationship between academia´s and professionals\' perceptions of the competencies for Corporate Sustainable Development (CSD), comparing what is taught in management courses to what is needed in practice in Brazilian organizations. Regarding the concept of CSD and the Triple Bottom Line (TBL), there are specific competences for the Sustainable Development (SD) management: organizational competences (linked to the CSD, through strategies to achieve the SD concept of TBL); distinctive competences (covering competences in each of the TBL dimensions) and focus competences (which address the dimensions together) and still have the individual competences (usually discussed in management courses) to better manage the CSD together with the competences developed by the organizations. Hence it is necessary the Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) inserted in the contents of the management courses, and that aims to focus on building a society that develops in a sustainable way, preparing professionals who know management to work in organizations in different ways in order to develop without harming the environment so that it remains for future generations. Thus, to achieve the proposed objective, this research was developed in four stages: the first with the professionals who work with the SD in organizations, through a sampling survey (convenience sampling). The second with the academy, including the course coordinators and faculty in a survey research and a documentary research through a content analysis of the pedagogical documentation from management courses with grades four and five in the National Student Performance Examination (ENADE) and/or signatories of Principles for Responsible Management Education (PRME). The third stage was the comparison of the data obtained in these two previous steps. The fourth step aimed to answer the core objective of the research. Among the main results, there is an agreement between the faculty and professionals concerning the concept of SD, both perceived the TBL as most important concept. However, when compared to the contents found in the documents analyzed most of these do not have the TBL approach, but the environmental dimension, which corresponded to the area of activity of the most professionals who answered this research. On the approach given to the SD, everyone agrees that the same should be directly linked to the strategies of the organizations. Despite these consensus, what happens in organizations is still far from the vision of the faculty. The other important result is that the professionals and faculty agree that the manager needs to know how to work interdisciplinary, uniting financial, environmental and social issues; to think in a systemic way; to understand the TBL and to be resilient, among the professional competences. About the distinctive competences, both agree that the most important ones are related to the social dimension. And on the focus competences both agree that the most important ones are related to addressing the TBL in a complete means and always focused to the benefit of all stakeholders. Based on these results, it was proposed models to improve the ESD for the management courses.

Esta dissertação tem o propósito de buscar um maior entendimento dos conceitos acerca do desenvolvimento sustentável aplicado à gestão empresarial. Trata-se de um tema bastante contemporâneo, emergente e que vem sendo discutido por diferentes grupos, tais como acadêmicos, jornalistas, biólogos, artistas, sociólogos, gestores, entre outros. Elaborou-se uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema cuja literatura é vasta e multidisciplinar; a sustentabilidade aplicada à gestão empresarial ainda é um conceito em construção. O Método SIGMA foi apresentado como referencial teórico de um método de gestão estratégica socioambiental. A revisão da literatura orientou a realização de uma pesquisa qualitativa com os objetivos de (i) explorar as práticas de gestão estratégica de uma empresa brasileira do setor de papel e celulose e observar se tais práticas incorporam as dimensões sociais e ambientais às econômico-financeiras (triple bottom line) e (ii) observar se existe aderência das práticas observadas na empresa àquelas propostas pelo método conceitual SIGMA. Como conclusão, observou-se que existe aderência (mais no conteúdo que na forma) das práticas de gestão da empresa X às propostas pelo Método SIGMA; porém, a presença das dimensões sociais e ambientais nas práticas de gestão estratégica parece ser mais tímida que a dimensão econômico-financeira. / A deeper understanding of the concept of sustainable development applied to strategic corporate management is the main purpose of this master thesis. Such theme is being discussed within many different groups such as academics, journalists, artists, corporate managers among others. A bibliography review on the subject was performed; sustainability applied to strategic corporate management is still a concept being built. The SIGMA Guidelines were introduced as the conceptual framework for managing strategic corporate sustainability. A qualitative research was conducted based on the bibliography review aiming at (i) exploring the strategic management framework of a Brazilian company in the pulp and paper industry and understanding if such framework considers social and environmental dimensions in addition to the financial/economic dimension (triple bottom line) and (ii) understanding if the company’s management framework keeps association to the conceptual framework proposed by the SIGMA Guidelines. As a conclusion, there is a certain degree of association between the management framework within the company and the one proposed by the SIGMA Guidelines; however, the social and environmental dimensions seem to be less present in the company´s strategic management framework (in strategic terms) than the financial/economic dimension.

La transition épithélio-mésenchymateuse (EMT) confère un phénotype agressif aux cancers du sein avec la perte de leurs jonctions épithéliales intercellulaires, leur polarité et identité, et l’acquisition des caractéristiques mésenchymateuses accompagnées de l’invasion et la résistance à la chimiothérapie. Cependant, les mécanismes et les signaux associés qui régissent ces dysfonctionnements au cours de l’EMT des cancers du sein demeurent encore mal connus. Dans cette étude, nous avons entrepris de comparer deux modèles génétiques des cellules MCF-7 du cancer du sein en EMT induite par l’expression constitutive de Snail ou l’invalidation de WISP-2. Nous avons trouvé que les répresseurs des E-cadhérines tels que Slug, Zeb1/2, Twist et Snail étaient surexprimés dans les cellules en EMT avec l’induction d’un phénotype triple-négatif (TN), la perte du récepteur aux oestrogènes, GPR30, et le gain du pouvoir invasif dans le collagène de type I. De plus,l’expression ectopique de Snail dans les cellules transfectées supprime aussi les transcrits de WISP-2. L’EMT est accompagnée de la dominance de plusieurs voies de signalisation proinvasives impliquant les protéines GαGβγ, PKCα, AKT et l’induction de c-Jun. Nous avons mis en évidence l’activation du cycle cellulaire et l’inhibition de l’axe p27/cyclindependent kinase CDK3 responsable de la promotion de la croissance cellulaire. De manière intéressante, le traitement des cellules en EMT avec les inhibiteurs des GαGβγ (BIM-46187, Gallein), PKCα (Gö6976, MT477, sh-RNAs) et de la cascade de signalisation PI3K/AKT (wortmannin) réduit leur potentiel invasif. Par contre, les inhibiteurs sélectifs des récepteurs HER et des voies de signalisation MAPK/SAPK n’ont aucun effet sur les deux modèles d’EMT signant leur indépendance à ces voies oncogéniques. L’ensemble de nos résultats suggèrent que les protagonistes de signalisation représentés par les GαGβγ, PKCα et PI3K/AKT peuvent être considérés comme de potentiels biomarqueurs prédictifs et des cibles thérapeutiques dans la prise en charge des cancers du sein TN en EMT. / The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) confers an aggressive subtype to breast cancers (BC) following disruption of intercellular junctions, epithelial cell polarity, induction of mesenchymal traits, invasive growth and chemotherapy resistance. However, the mechanisms underlying the EMT and its associated signaling dysfunctions in BC are still poorly understood. Here, we have undertaken a comparative study in two genetic models of MCF-7 breast cancer cells induced to EMT by WISP-2 silencing and Snail transformation.We report that the E-cadherin repressors Slug, Zeb1/2 and Twist were overexpressed in these EMT cells. They induced a triple negative phenotype (loss of estrogen ERα and progesterone PRA/PRB receptors, no HER2 amplification), combined with loss of the GPR30 ER and promotion of invasive growth in collagen gels. Ectopic Snail expression suppressed WISP-2 transcripts and down-regulated WISP-2 gene promoter expression in transfected cells. The EMT caused dominance of several proinvasive pathways including GαGβγ subunits, PKCα, AKT and c-Jun induction, coupled with growth responses (more cells at S and G2/M phases of the cell cycle), in line with inhibition of the p27kip1/cyclin-dependent kinase CDK3 cascade. RNA interference or selective inhibitors targeting GαGβγ subunits (BIM-46187, gallein), PKCα (Gö6976, MT477, sh-RNAs) and PI3K-AKT (wortmannin) alleviated the invasive phenotype. In contrast, MCF-7 cells in EMT showed signalingindependence to inhibitors of HER family tyrosine kinases and the mitogen- and stressactivated protein kinases. Our study suggests that the signaling protagonists GαGβγ, PKCα and PI3K-AKT are promising candidates as predictive molecular biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the management of clinical BC in EMT.