Umfassende Darstellung der Syntax des Filipino (Tagalog) mit mehr als 2000 Sätzen und Phrasen, die authentisch Umgangs- und Schriftsprache des modernen Filipino widerspiegeln. Unter maßgeblicher Beteiligung vieler Muttersprachler 'vor Ort' wurde die sprachliche Wirklichkeit erfasst, und darauf basierend konnte die grammatische Analyse erarbeitet werden, ohne sich an von anderen Sprachen übernommene syntaktische Modelle anzulehnen. Als wesentliche Eigenschaft der Sprache wird gesehen, dass durch vorangestellte Bestimmungswörter die syntaktische Funktion der Satzglieder (Phrasen) festgelegt wird. Die filipinische Sprache besitzt sechs dieser Funktionsphrasen, zwei davon sind Prädikat und Subjekt. Die inhaltliche Aussage der Phrasen wird durch Inhaltswörter realisiert, deren Klassen den Wortarten wie Verb oder Nomen vergleichbar sind. Entscheidend wird die Syntax durch die häufig verwendeten enklitischen Konstruktionen beeinflusst. Die Analyse zusammengesetzter Sätze wird dadurch geprägt, dass der syntaktische Aufbau der unterschiedlichen Teilsätze (wie Haupt- und Nebensatz) nahezu gleich ist. Zusätzlich zur Syntax werden die zum Verständnis notwendigen Elemente von Phonologie und Morphologie dargestellt. Ausführlich und kritisch wird die hier vorgestellte grammatische Analyse mit Arbeiten der verschiedenen linguistischen Schulen über Filipino (Tagalog) verglichen. Der deutschsprachige Teil der vorliegende Arbeit ist eine verbesserte Ausgabe der elektronischen Publikation A. Möller, Syntax der filipinischen Sprache, 2010 (http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-37909). Angefügt ist eine Fassung in filipinischer Sprache Palaugnayan ng Wikang Filipino.:Teil 1: Syntax der filipinischen Sprache Seiten S 1 - 688 Teil 2: Palaugnayan ng Wikang Filipino (Übersetzung von Teil 1 in die filipinische Sprache) Seiten P 1 - 616 / Comprehensive and consistent presentation of the syntax of the Filipino (Tagalog) language supported by more than 2000 sentences and phrases authentically reflecting up-to-date written and colloquial Filipino. With decisive participation of many native speakers 'on the spot', the true language reality was captured and became the foundation of the grammatical analysis avoiding the need to rely on syntactical models appropriate to other languages. In Filipino, the syntactical function of the phrases of the sentence is marked by a class of determiners. This is considered as essential feature of the language. There are six of those function phrases, two of them predicate and subject. The semantic message of the phrases is realized by content words which can be categorized into classes comparable to conventional parts of speech (e.g. verb or noun). Decisively, the syntax is influenced by the frequent use of enclitic constructions. Crucial for the build-up of compound sentences is the fact that, in principle, all kinds of clauses have the same syntactical structure. Additionally, some basic elements of Filipino phonology and morphology are presented. Comprehensively, works of the different linguistic schools about Filipino (Tagalog) are critically reviewed. The present paper is an improved edition in German and Filipino language of the electronic publication A. Möller, Syntax der filipinischen Sprache, 2010 http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-37909).:Teil 1: Syntax der filipinischen Sprache Seiten S 1 - 688 Teil 2: Palaugnayan ng Wikang Filipino (Übersetzung von Teil 1 in die filipinische Sprache) Seiten P 1 - 616

Revision of the author's thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 1980. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 417-452) and index.

abstract: The following dissertation provides perspectives on the social, political, economic, and academic influences on language use, and particularly heritage language use, within the Filipino American community. What is the nature of language in this community? In what ways does language exist or co-exist? The hypothesis that autochthonous Filipino languages in the United States cease to be spoken in favor of English by Filipino Americans was tested through mixed methods of research. Literature and databases were reviewed which provided information concerning statistics, issues, and policies relating to language in Filipino America. Field research and interviews were conducted in which language use was of key interest. Results varied individually and contextually. Language seems to exist within the Filipino American community on a dynamic continuum. Immigrant Filipino Americans appear to be bilingual and multilingual. Second generation Filipino Americans tend to be English dominant with a range of bilingualism. The California Department of Education (CDOE) appears to foster bilingualism / multilingualism through its World Languages Departments (secondary education level), by offering language courses, such as Tagalog-based Filipino. Efforts to maintain non-English, Filipino languages in Arizona are less conspicuous, but they do exist primarily in familial and entrepreneurial ways. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Educational Leadership and Policy Studies 2011

This paper presents a two-level morphological description of Tagalog for use in PC-Kimmo and a mechanism created for updating the results output from PC-Kimmo in order to meet the standards for current database and natural language processing applications. There are two main research tasks presented in this paper which constituted this project. First, a complete morphological engine for Tagalog is presented. Next, a tool is introduced that takes the morphological engine output and stores it in XML format.

In addition to the use of pure-tones for testing hearing, speech signals are highly valuable diagnostic tools for identifying and evaluating hearing impairment. Speech audiometry involves the implementation of such signals in the measurement of hearing acuity. One aspect of speech audiometry involves assessment of the speech recognition threshold (SRT) which evaluates an individual's ability to hear and understand speech. While live speech has been used in the past to assess SRT, recorded materials are preferred and have been shown to be advantageous over live speech. High-quality digitally recorded speech audiometry materials have been available in English for some time, but assessment of individuals using speech materials from a language that they do not speak natively has been shown to be both inadequate and inaccurate. Speech audiometry materials have recently become available in many languages. Currently, however, there are no known published recordings for assessment of SRT in the Tagalog language. The goal of this study was to develop psychometrically equivalent speech audiometry materials for measuring speech recognition threshold in Tagalog. During this study Tagalog words were initially recorded by a native speaker selected for accent and vocal quality. The words were reduced down to 90 words to be evaluated in the study. Each of the 90 trisyllabic words were evaluated at 2 dB increments from -10 to 16 dB HL by 20 native Tagalog speakers, all having normal hearing. Based on the results, 34 trisyllabic Tagalog words were selected based on their familiarity to native listeners, relative homogeneity with regards to audibility and psychometric function slope. Each word was then adjusted to make the 50% performance threshold equal to the mean PTA of the 20 research participants (4.3 dB HL). The final edited words were then digitally recorded onto compact disc for distribution and for use in assessing SRT in native Tagalog speakers worldwide.

No description available.

Denna uppsats undersöker användningen av stop motion-estetik i den CGI-animerade serien Oni: Thunder God's Tale. Syftet är att analysera vad denna estetik kan framkalla känslor och vad för påverkan CGI-tekniken har för påverkan på dessa känslor. Undersökningen styrs av frågeställningen Vilken effekt får användningen av stop motion-estetik i CGI-producerade serien Oni: Thunder God's Tale (2022) enligt en visuell analys? Metoden är en kvalitativ visuell analys med fördjupning i filmanalys där teorierna nostalgi och remediering tillämpas för att förstå de estetiska valen och CGIs inverkan på tolkningen av serien.  Resultatet visar att de visuella elementen, textur, ljus och rörelsekvalitet inte bara frammanar minnen av stop motion-estetik, utan anspelar på leksaker och gosedjur som väcks till liv. Detta förmedlar en känsla av trygghet från barndomen och väcker en känsla av nostalgi. Fortsättningsvis tolkas CGI-tekniken i serien som ett sätt att skapa uppskattning för stop motion genom estetiken, även om en nutida teknik används. Medieproduktionen för denna student består av två videor för språkkursen Tagalog nivå 1, som erbjuds av Folkuniversitetet. Videorna är utformade med en collage- och stop motion-estetik för att skapa en engagerande kampanj, särskilt anpassad för sociala medier med fokus på Instagram. Med utgångspunkt i Folkuniversitetets grafiska manual har videornas innehåll noggrant utformats och berikats med kulturella referenser.

This Master Thesis aims to discuss the language mix-up in the Philippines. Originally, the people speak different dialects because of the lack of interaction due to geographical isolation. The Spaniards brought Spanish to them, which became the official language of the government until the Americans came and made English the medium of instruction in the school. The trouble lies in the fact that English-speaking-and-loving Filipinos want English only, Spanish-speaking-and-loving Filipinos want Spanish only, Tagalog-speaking-and-loving Filipinos want Tagalog only while non-Tagalog-speaking Filipinos are either indifferent or prefer their respective dialects. This is the uncomfortable mess created by the principles of democracy and should be solved through democracy also by Filipino citizens who can sacrifice regional interest and personal preference for the sake of national unity and honor. The three languages can co-exist harmoniously together in the Philippines if the people can be tolerant, just as the various dialects too can live as long as they are needed and used.

This thesis examines the challenges faced by the ministers of religion in Churches of Christ (Restoration Movement) in Bicol, Philippines. The goal is to do theology from below, not from above, as pastoral ministry must come from the experience of those who practice it, not from textbooks. The pastoral perspectives of the dilemmas that the ministers raise are heard, observed, documented, and then reflected upon. To do this, case studies of four preachers are used and the mga problema that they present are explored with them. As a result, first, I introduce some of those challenges which are perplexing on the ground level and which appear to be under-researched in serious theological circles, especially in an Asian context. Second, I hope that these case studies can be used to stimulate reflection in ministerial and spiritual formation. Third, I document some of the theology and methodology of the Churches of Christ, particularly as practiced in the Philippines. Chapter 1 explores the dichotomy between the perceived satisfaction in the pastoral ministry with the crisis of role and identity. In particular, issues such as forced exits and stress are presented while baptism and preaching are scrutinized. Chapter 2 centres on the conundrums experienced in planting a new church and being the lone planter. Chapter 3 examines three challenges–the task of ministering in a home congregation, the issue of accreditation in ministerial training, and how the minister can be a success and grow the church. Never far from the thoughts and actions of any of the Bicolano ministers is the problema of poverty, so Chapter 4 considers some of the Filipino, personal, and spiritual complexities of poverty, delineates a number of factors that need to be taken into consideration in any effort to overcome this malady and concludes with a particular reference to ministry.