Kalba neatsiejamais saitais susijusi su žmogaus mąstymu. Ji padeda atkurti pasaulio vaizdą, esantį žmogaus sąmonėje. Pasaulio suvokimas, arba objektyvios realybės daiktų ir reiškinių samprata, paliekanti pėdsakus kalboje, vadinama kalbos pasaulėvaizdžiu. Kiekviena kalba pasaulio suvokimą nuspalvina skirtingu atspalviu, nes tautų istorija, geografinės sąlygos, gyvenimo būdas, kultūra, aksiologija yra skirtingos. Kalbos pasaulėvaizdį kuria visi, kalbantys ta kalba. Tiriant žodžių vartojimą tekstuose, galima atskleisti kalboje užfiksuotus pasaulėvaizdžio pėdsakus. Tyrimo medžiaga paimta iš tekstynų donelaitis.lt, ruscorpora.ru (национальный корпус русского языка). Tekstynuose ieškota dažniausiai pasitaikančių metaforinių pasakymų ir įvardijimų, kurie būtų motyvuoti esmine metaforine sąvoka. Tuo remiantis ir buvo nustatytos konceptualiosios metaforos, kurios būdingos konceptui tamsa lietuvių ir rusų kalbos pasaulėvaizdyje. Darbo tikslas aptarti prototipines tamsos koncepto reikšmes (naktis, šviesos nebuvimas, kultūros ar išsilavinimo stoka) , į kurias remiasi nemažai metaforinių reikšmių. Pagal metaforinius pasakymus nustatyti, kokie vaizdiniai slypi už tamsos konceptus reprezentuojančių žodžių ir išskirti abiem kalboms bendras ir skirtingas tamsos metaforines reikšmes. Tamsos koncepto metaforiškas suvokimas lietuvių ir rusų kalbose apima šias sferas:1) mirtis – mirusiųjų šalis, užgesęs gyvenimas; 2) šaltis – ledynų tamsa, stingdanti tamsa, 3)... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The language in its integral links is related to human intelligence. It helps to restore the picture of the world of the human mind. The perception of the world, or the objective reality of things and effects that leaves the marks in speech, is so called the worldview of the language. Each language has its own perception of the world conected to the nation's history, geographic conditions, lifestyle, culture and so on. The worldview of the language is step by step composed by all who speak that language. Using the investigation method and analysing the usage of the words in texts helps to record and denote the features of the worldview of the language. The research materials are the Corpus of Lithuanian language – Donelaitis and the corpus of Russian language - ruscorpora.ru (национальный корпус русского языка). The data of the analysis of the concept darkness in both languages showed that prototypically darkness is understood in the same way in Lithuanian and Russian languages. The research of the samples was done to denote the most common figurative expressions and conceptual metaphors that are specific to the concepts of darkness in Lithuanian and Russian languages. The aim of the present master‘s thesis “ Darkness in the Lithuanian/Russian Worldview ” focuses on the analysis of theoretical issues of the term concept, and the empirical part focuses on the investigation of concepts of darkness as prototypical meanings (lack of light at night... [to full text]

The purpose of the work is to analyze road safety and the quality of illumination in Akademija town, suggest the means for improving it. In the work there is car accidents in Lithuania and the town of Akademija analized; it was discovered, that in the period of 1980 – 2005 in the car accidents, 20637 people died and 14801 were injured. Since 2001, accident rate have been increased as the number of new cars and traffic flows is rising every day. Approximately 40 % of traffic accidents happen in the dark period of the day, and 70% of pedestrians, participating in the event, die. Traffic safety mostly depends on the level of illumination. In Akedemija town were fixed 142 traffic events, during last four years. There were injured 28 persons. The analysis for road illumination improvements was done and the illumination of the Akademija streets was observed. There are three streets in the area of Akademija and Ringaudai, illuminated enough, Mokyklos, Pilėnų and Tako (6 lx). Not enough there are lighted Student street and Pedestrian pathway between Akademija and Ringaudai. The worst situation is in the Universiteto Street. The illumination near the 5th dormitory hardly reaches 2.4 lx, and there is 4.5 lx illumination near the 6th dormitory. A part of Universiteto street is not lighted up at all. According to the requirements, with the help of computer program „Calculux road 6.2.2“, there is illumination of Akademija town designed and the economical evaluation done. The cost of... [to full text]