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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

La démocratie technique / Technical democracy

Barbin, Adeline 21 June 2017 (has links)
Les thèses de l'autonomie de la technique et l'identification du progrès au progrès technique ont exclu la notion de démocratie du champ de la réflexion de la philosophie politique sur les sciences et les techniques, au profit de conceptions technocratiques. Ce sont alors l'histoire et la sociologie des techniques qui ont essentiellement abordé les relations entre technique et démocratie. En examinant leurs travaux, nous montrons à la fois l'importance des facteurs socio-culturels pour expliquer le développement technique d'une société et l'existence d'une forme faible de déterminisme par lequel les techniques structurent les relations sociales. La possibilité et la pertinence qu'il y a à faire de la technique un objet du débat démocratique apparaît alors à double titre : d'une part, elle engage chaque société sur le chemin d'un mode de développement que les citoyens doivent pouvoir discuter et, d'autre part, elle est déjà un objet de politique puisqu'elle est concernée par des législations et constitue, sous la forme de l'innovation, un élément majeur des projets politiques nationaux et internationaux. Nous montrons que, confrontée à différentes critiques, la démocratie technique doit être complexifiée afin de ne pas s'en tenir à une réflexion sur l'expertise et la compétence et de pouvoir répondre aux enjeux des conditions juridiques, économiques et épistémiques de la production des savoirs et des innovations comme aux enjeux classiques de la démocratie en général dont elle constitue un approfondissement vers un nouveau champ, celui de la définition du progrès. / The topic of democracy has been excluded from thinking about sciences and technologies in political philosophy by the idea of an autonomous technology and the identification of technical progress to progress itself. Instead, technocratic conceptions of power have been examined. Consequently, it is in history and sociology of technology that we can find considerations on relationship beteween technology and democracy. By analysing how they conceive this relation, we show both the importance of socio-cultural factors to explain technical development of society and existence of a weak version of determinism which implies that technologies shape social relationships. Then, we can understand that there is two reasons which explain why making technology an object of democratic debate is possible and relevant: first, technology commit society on a development path that citizens should be entitled to discuss; second, it is already a political object for it is adressed by legislations and, as innovation, is a key element of national and international political objectives. We point out technical democracy, given the critics it receveid, has to become more complex in order no to be limited to thinking about expertise and skill and to be able to adress what is at stake in the economic, juridic and epistemic conditions of knowledge and innovation production as well as what is at stake in the classic thinking about democracy. For technical democracy is a way to enlarge democracy to new topics, particularly to the question of how to define progress.
2

Journalistik i den digitala eran - Förutsättningarna och villkoren digitaliseringen ställer på framtidens roll som journalist

Hall, Gustaw, Greko, Jens January 2020 (has links)
Journalistiken har de senaste åren utmanats av digitaliseringen samt samhällsförändringar och industrin går mot en negativ trend. Detta är en fallstudie som undersöker vilka villkor och förutsättningar digitaliseringen ställer på rollen som journalist för att försöka ge ökad förståelse om hur tekniken formar framtidens journalister. Undersökningen utfördes genom kvalitativa intervjuer av journalister och redaktörer inom branschen. Teori hämtades främst från relevant litteratur inom informatik och medieteknik, vilket blev fallstudiens ryggrad. Resultatet av denna studie visar på att digitaliseringen främst ställer krav på multikompetens och flexibilitet för rollen som journalist. Digitaliseringen snarare utmanar organisationens företagskultur och journalistens personliga värderingar och ideal än omformatering av rollen. Studien pekar på att socioteknisk determinism är det som avgör framtiden för rollen som journalist och journalistiken som helhet. Således ges förslag till vidare forskning om hur samhället kan använda sig av digitaliseringen för att enklare hantera vad studien kallar “Generationscykeln”. / Journalism has in recent years been challenged by digitalisation and societal changes and the industry is moving towards a negative trend. This is a case study that examines the terms and conditions digitalisation applies to the role of journalists in order to try to gain a better understanding of how technology shapes the journalists of the future. The survey was conducted through qualitative interviews of journalists and editors in the industry. The theory was mainly derived from relevant literature in informatics and media technology, which became the backbone of the case study. The results of this study shows that digitalisation primarily sets demands on multicompetence and flexibility on the role of a journalist. Digitization challenges the organization's corporate culture and the journalist's personal values ​​and ideals rather than reformatting the role. The study points out that sociotechnical determinism is what determines the future of the role of journalist and journalism as a whole. Thus, suggestions are made for further research on how society can use digitalization to more easily manage what the study calls the "Generation Cycle”.

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