Includes bibliographical references. / 'Unknown to most of us, we are living inside and alongside a revolution of stupendous power and energy. It is not a communist, socialist, capitalist or even a religious revolution. It is the ICT revolution, the revolution of information communication technologies that is changing the nature and patterns of our social, commercial and political interactions. Like most revolutions, its true scope cannot yet be grasped nor can all the issues it raises be clearly understood even by those at its cutting edges". The Internet and other new technologies play an important role in today's global information society, are now essential in every sector of human life and can be used for the preparation and commission of serious and transnational crimes.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1982. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH / Bibliography: leaves 355-359. / by Allen S. Lee. / Ph.D.

在網絡上，資訊技術及其使用改革了版權作品的使用方式。因特網根本性改變了版權市場。本文試圖論證，中國內地法律必須給予資訊技術足夠的發展空間，同時不能不合理地損害版權所有人的利益。 / 本文認爲，在中國版權立法和適用中，版權功利主義理論起著根本性作用。根據功利主義，版權法的目標是促使社會文明的最大化發展。而且中國政府必須發展數字經濟，且須保證其版權法合理地促使網絡中間商運行和投資中國數字經濟。中國版權法需爲資訊技術提供足夠的發展空間。 / 基於為資訊技術發展尋求足夠發展空間的目的，本文分析了Sony案抗辯，通知－删除避風港，誘導侵權和合理使用。中國必須合理解釋中國現有制度，從而避免給網絡中間商加以不合理的責任。關於版權侵權抗辯，中國應該引入美國的 Sony抗辯，作為衡量是否侵犯版權的一個因素。且避風港保護的範圍應該被擴展至包含所有網路中間商，以保證未來技術的未知發展擁有足夠的呼吸空間。而且，至少，中國應該採用某些善意轉換性使用的窮盡式合理使用抗辯，以促進現有技術的運行。且更合適的是，採用非窮盡式的合理使用抗辯，其範圍包括所有對社會有用的網路中間服務的必須運營活動，並通過確保資訊技術發展的方式。 / 一個好的法律框架可以對人類的進步有著積極的影響，不然它會對社會發展起著阻礙作用。我們需要的法律框架應該同時促進版權和信息傳播技術的發展。這意味著，在保證版權産業正常運行的同時，該法律框架應爲技術發展提供肥沃的成長土壤。 / Information technology and its usage on the internet have revolutionized the way in which various copyrighted works are captured, stored, copied and distributed. By expanding the breadth, diversity and sheer number of copyrighted works in existence, the internet has fundamentally changed the nature of copyright markets. / This thesis attempts to argue that the laws in Mainland China should reserve enough space for information technologies to develop, without unreasonably prejudicing the interests of copyright holders. / This thesis contends that the utilitarian justification for copyright plays an underlying role in both Chinese copyright legislation and judicial application. Under the utilitarian model in China, fostering a maximization of culture development is the aim of the copyright law. As such, in the era of information overload, the Chinese government should aim to develop the Digital Economy. In order to achieve this aim, it needs to start by ensuring that its copyright law appropriately enables Internet Intermediaries to operate and to invest in creating Chinese Digital Economy. Copyright law in China needs to create room to move. / This thesis examines Sony defense, notice-and-take-down safe harbors, inducement liability and fair use, for the purpose of seeking enough space for information technology development. The existing rules in China, e.g. inducement liability, should be interpreted as avoiding placing unreasonable burden on internet intermediaries. As to the defenses against copyright infringement, Sony defense in the US should be introduced as a factor in assessing copyright infringement in China. And the scope of safe harbor protection should be extended to include all internet intermediaries, for the purpose of providing breathing room for unanticipated technology developments. Moreover, at the very least, certain fair dealing exceptions for certain transformative use in good faith should be adopted in China to foster the existing operations of information technology. And it is more desirable to introduce a non-exhaustive fair dealing exception to cover activities necessary to run all socially useful internet intermeiary services, in the way of ensuring information technology development. / A well-designed legal system should have positive impacts on the human progress; or otherwise, it would have deterrence effects on the social development. A legal system which promotes both copyright and communication technologies creations is what we need in the future. This kind of system requires a fertile land for technologies innovation without destroying the developments of the entertainment industries / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Xie, Lin. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012. / Includes bibliographical references. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese. / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Thesis Argument --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Background --- p.2 / Chapter 1.3 --- Summary --- p.6 / Chapter 2 --- Theoretical Framework in China --- p.11 / Chapter 2.1 --- Justifications for Copyright --- p.11 / Chapter 2.2 --- Traditional Chinese Culture --- p.15 / Chapter 2.3 --- The Development of Modern Copyright Law in China --- p.21 / Chapter 2.4 --- International Relationship --- p.27 / Chapter 2.5 --- Utilitarian Justification in Digital Era in China --- p.31 / Chapter 3 --- Aggressive Measures on the Unauthorized File-sharing Problem --- p.36 / Chapter 3.1 --- Criminal Liability of Internet users --- p.36 / Chapter 3.2 --- Benefits and Costs --- p.49 / Chapter 3.3 --- Graduated Response Scheme --- p.52 / Chapter 3.4 --- The Nature of Unauthorized Online File-sharing Problem --- p.59 / Chapter 3.5 --- Alternative Solutions --- p.65 / Chapter 3.6 --- Implications for China --- p.68 / Chapter 4 --- Sony Defense under Traditional Indirect Liabilities --- p.71 / Chapter 4.1 --- Traditional Liabilities for Third Parties’ Infringement --- p.72 / Chapter 4.2 --- Sony Defense --- p.82 / Chapter 4.3 --- Assessing Sony Defense --- p.98 / Chapter 5 --- The Notice-and-Take-Down Safe Harbors of Online Service Providers --- p.102 / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction on the Notice-and-Take-Down Safe Harbors --- p.102 / Chapter 5.2 --- Threshold Requirements of the Notice-and-Take-Down Safe Harbors --- p.108 / Chapter 5.3 --- A Proposed Safe Harbor Framework in China --- p.142 / Chapter 6 --- Inducement Liability of Service Providers --- p.145 / Chapter 6.1 --- Inducement Liability in China --- p.145 / Chapter 6.2 --- Inducement Liability in the US --- p.151 / Chapter 6.3 --- Implications for China --- p.170 / Chapter 7 --- Transformative Use of Copyrighted Works: A Proposed Fair Dealing Exception for Internet Intermediaries --- p.176 / Chapter 7.1 --- Introduction --- p.176 / Chapter 7.2 --- Transformative Use in the US --- p.178 / Chapter 7.3 --- Transformative Use under Australian and Chinese Copyright Law --- p.188 / Chapter 7.4 --- A Proposed Fair Dealing Exception --- p.198 / Chapter 7.5 --- Conclusion --- p.201 / Chapter 8 --- Liabilities of a Search Engine’s Cache --- p.202 / Chapter 8.1 --- Introduction --- p.202 / Chapter 8.2 --- Liabilities of a Search Engine’s Cache in China --- p.208 / Chapter 8.3 --- Direct Infringement --- p.215 / Chapter 8.4 --- The Safe Harbor Protection --- p.223 / Chapter 8.5 --- Implied License --- p.236 / Chapter 8.6 --- Fair Use --- p.242 / Chapter 9 --- Fair Use or Fair Dealing? --- p.246 / Chapter 9.1 --- Introduction --- p.246 / Chapter 9.2 --- Fair Dealing in China --- p.248 / Chapter 9.2 --- Introduce a Flexible Exception into Copyright in China --- p.263 / Chapter 10 --- Conclusion --- p.272

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-10-31T12:04:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Mirian Gomes Canavarro Batista.pdf: 964849 bytes, checksum: dde8b36ad295de73c78bee2ad5a6c67a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-31T12:04:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mirian Gomes Canavarro Batista.pdf: 964849 bytes, checksum: dde8b36ad295de73c78bee2ad5a6c67a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-18 / This paper analyzes the issue of the right to image from a civilian perspective, in the face of the challenges imposed by technology and by the advent of social networks above all. The study investigates the changes occurred in the right to image since its acclaim as a right of the personality and as autonomous of others rights until the present day. The research also seeks to present concepts that are not well known in the law, but which are fundamental to understand the dimension of new technologies and their supporting role in today's society. Through national jurisprudence, the present work demonstrates the importance of the right to the image within the context of social networks / Este trabalho analisa o tema do direito à imagem na perspectiva civilista, frente aos desafios impostos pela tecnologia e, principalmente, pelo advento das redes sociais. O estudo investiga as mudanças ocorridas no direito à imagem, desde sua consagração como direito da personalidade autônomo dos demais, até os dias atuais. A dissertação busca, ainda, apresentar conceitos pouco conhecidos do campo do Direito, mas que são fundamentais para entender a dimensão das novas tecnologias e seu papel como coadjuvante na sociedade atual. Com base na jurisprudência nacional, a presente pesquisa demonstra a importância do direito à imagem dentro do contexto das redes sociais

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-12-07T11:13:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Luciano Del Monaco.pdf: 2641865 bytes, checksum: 869cdbdceb802dfe0c7a1eb167ff12f6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-07T11:13:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luciano Del Monaco.pdf: 2641865 bytes, checksum: 869cdbdceb802dfe0c7a1eb167ff12f6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-23 / The following work has the objective of assessing methodological (and technical) advances resulting of the development of computing, the impact of these developments in Law and, also, if there are ways to integrate these methodological advances in Law, and to what extent there will be necessary adaptations to enable this coupling between technology and Law. In order to do that it is used the theoretical framework of the General Systems Theory, which is applied to Law in a way to enable a suitable approach to the problem of triviality, especially the difficulties that impose limits in this coupling between technology and Law. Lastly, it is proposed a solution to the triviality problem, controlled by the subject, of the juridical problems, adapting them to the limitations of the methods of computing / A presente dissertação tem como objetivo avaliar os avanços metodológicos (e técnicos) decorrentes do desenvolvimento da computação, o impacto destes no Direito e, inclusive, se existem formas de integrar essas mudanças metodológicas ao Direito, e em que medida serão necessárias adaptações para permitir uma conjugação adequada entre tecnologia e Direito. Para isso é utilizado o arcabouço teórico da Teoria do Sistema Geral, que é aplicada ao Direito de forma a permitir o tratamento adequado do problema da trivialidade, principal dificuldade a limitar a conjugação adequada entre tecnologia e Direito. Por fim, se propõe uma solução para o problema por meio da trivialização, controlada pelo sujeito, de problemas jurídicos, adequando-os à limitação dos métodos da computação

Society’s progression through the digital streaming age has created a music licensing landscape of grave concern to all stakeholders in the industry. These drastic changes have occurred under an outdated legal framework. This paper will recommend a comprehensive reform to our copyright law to uphold the intentions of copyright in the modern, digital age of today. By looking at the history of copyright and its evolution, one can assess how Congress has been tasked with establishing a fair market value for music by promoting the public interest and fairly compensating copyright owners. This will lead to an evaluation and comparison of those methods used to determine fair market value for creative works that will be the basis of the recommendation used to modernize copyright law. This recommendation will comprehensively provide for equitable treatment for all parties in the streaming age through its totality, additional reforms, and alternative ideas. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.S.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2015. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

This dissertation aims to provide a better understanding of the technology licensing practices of academic research institutions. The study identifies time durations in licensing and incorporates these into a model to evaluate licensing performance. Performance is measured by the efficiency of an institution's technology licensing process and efficiency changes over time, using Association of University Technology Managers annual survey data from 1991 to 2007. Organizational characteristics influencing the licensing performances of 46 U.S. research institutions also are explored. The study resulted in a new approach that integrates the identification of time lags in licensing, analysis of efficiency change, and exploration of the influence of organizational characteristics on efficiency change. A super-efficiency variable returns to scale data envelopment analysis (DEA) model was applied to the time-lag neutralized licensing data, to measure the efficiency of U.S. research institutions' licensing performance over time. The study also includes an innovative approach to resolving issues with the super-efficiency DEA model, including mathematical infeasibility and zero-data issues. The licensing mechanisms included in the study are disclosure, patent applications, patents issued, licenses and options executed, start-ups, and licensing income. The time duration from expenditure to licensing income, including all intermediating licensing processes, ranged from 2 to 27 years. The study identified the organizational characteristics related to licensing practice. Academic prestige and research quality are positively related to disclosure, patents granted, and start-up. The resources of a technology licensing office influences the number of licensing agreements, whereas licensing office experience has a positive relationship with start-ups. Increased licensing resources improve the efficiency of licensing practices, and a research institution with more dedicated licensing staff has improved licensing productivity. Private institutions improved their licensing practice more than public ones during the study period. On the other hand, institutions with a medical school demonstrated low efficiency. This dissertation fills a gap in the understanding of licensing practice and the organizational characteristics related to licensing performance. In addition, the study contributes to research methodology by providing a new approach to identifying time lags and improving the DEA method. The results, grounded in comprehensive observations over multiple time durations, provide an insight into the licensing practices of U.S. research institutions. The dissertation presents recommendations for research institutions based on the relationships identified among academic prestige, research intensity, organizational characteristics of the technology licensing office, and licensing performance.

Submitted by PPG Direito (ppgdir@pucrs.br) on 2018-09-05T20:26:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PAULO_ROBERTO_PEGORARO_ JUNIOR_TES .pdf: 1655552 bytes, checksum: ed4bca3de13f5f3118a7a498da2c66ae (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sheila Dias (sheila.dias@pucrs.br) on 2018-09-11T12:26:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PAULO_ROBERTO_PEGORARO_ JUNIOR_TES .pdf: 1655552 bytes, checksum: ed4bca3de13f5f3118a7a498da2c66ae (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-11T12:32:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PAULO_ROBERTO_PEGORARO_ JUNIOR_TES .pdf: 1655552 bytes, checksum: ed4bca3de13f5f3118a7a498da2c66ae (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07-12 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The implementation of the electronic lawsuit in Brazil derived from the gradual assimilation of data processing tools by the Judicial Power, which led to the initiative of several courts to develop an operationally functional system, and culminated in putting the Electronic Lawsuit Act into effect. The adoption of the electronic lawsuit model, despite representing a significant reinforcement of the fundamental right to have a lawsuit finished in a reasonable time, thus contributing to its celerity, has been more than a simple tool: it is a significant element of the disruptive evolution of the Civil Procedural Law. The implications of such assimilation includes, among other factors: overcoming the territorial jurisdiction in the face of the deterritorialization phenomenon, due to the ubiquity of the electronic lawsuit system; understanding of a hypertext model which translates into a dynamic way of presenting both the parties? arguments and the content of the decision; possibility of omnidirectional contradictory statement by means of groupware, in an effective community of procedural work; possibility of automated decision-making; and even the appropriation of elements of artificial intelligence for managing juridical information and decisions. Therefore, this thesis focuses on the way through which the electronic lawsuit may be the cause (and also a consequence) of the disruptive evolution of the Civil Procedural Law, without disregarding the criticisms of the model, but rather considering that the environment in which the lawsuit takes place is not neutral, as it both affects and often conditions the message content. / A implanta??o do processo eletr?nico no Brasil decorreu da paulatina assimila??o de instrumentos da inform?tica pelo Poder Judici?rio, que levaram ? iniciativa isolada de diversos tribunais no sentido de desenvolver um sistema operacionalmente funcional e culminaram com a vig?ncia da Lei do Processo Eletr?nico. A ado??o do modelo do processo eletr?nico, embora represente significativa afirma??o do direito fundamental ? dura??o razo?vel do processo, contribuindo para a sua celeridade, traduz-se em mais do que uma mera ferramenta: ? um elemento significativo da evolu??o disruptiva do Processo Civil. As implica??es decorrentes de tal assimila??o envolvem, dentre outros fatores: a supera??o da compet?ncia territorial diante do fen?meno da desterritorializa??o, pela ubiquidade do processo eletr?nico; a compreens?o de um modelo de hipertexto, que se traduza numa forma din?mica de apresenta??o dos argumentos das partes e do conte?do decis?rio; a possibilidade do contradit?rio omnidirecional, por meio do groupware, numa efetiva comunidade de trabalho processual; a possibilidade de automa??o dos atos decis?rios; e mesmo a apropria??o de elementos da intelig?ncia artificial na manipula??o das informa??es e decis?es jur?dicas. A tese, assim, presta-se a abordar como e de que forma ? poss?vel que o processo eletr?nico represente a causa (e tamb?m a consequ?ncia) da evolu??o disruptiva do Direito Processual Civil, sem desconsiderar as cr?ticas ao modelo, mas considerando-se que o meio no qual se desenvolve o processo n?o ? neutro, pois afeta e, muitas vezes, condiciona o conte?do da mensagem.

台灣的產業型態已逐漸由勞力密集的傳統產業轉型為知識密集的科技產業，已成為資訊電子生產大國，共有十多項資訊設備佔有率高居世界第一。而我國以中小企業為主的產業結構，研發經費的投入往往無法與國外大廠相比，產學研合作研發便成為我國產業創新中相當重要的一個環節，大學與研發機構在研發創新上的成果是提升產業技術水準的重要來源。 智慧財產權在科技業可說是重要的競爭武器之一，智慧財產權管理更為各企業亟欲增進的能力。立法院於1998年底通過科學技術基本法，通過將合作研發成果的智財權中政府出資部分的權利下放給研發單位，對我國產學研合作的智慧財產權管理具有相當之影響，而後如何執行以達成技術擴散，更是需要深入探討。 本文希望從管理面與法律面來探討產學研合作的智慧財產權管理，透過（1）國內外文獻探討；（2）專家深度訪談；（3）先進國家產學研合作與智財權管理之探討；（4）國內產學研合作與智財權管理之個案分析等方式來進行探討。借重國外經驗，發現國內實行時的問題，以期經由良好的合作與技術移轉制度，使學研單位獲得經費補助與權利金回饋，且亦使廠商獲得切合需要之技術的使用權，讓創新成果獲得保護，並讓知識能充分移轉流通，強化我國國家創新系統。 本研究建議如下： 一、 對政府而言 （一） 以藏富於民的原則將智財權下放 （二） 例外介入以使成果充分使用 （三） 專利成果應用的限制 （四） 建立產業技術移轉服務體系（ITTS） （五） 修改相關法令 二、 對大學而言 （一） 應設立專責的智慧財產權管理單位 （二） 與中介機構合作執行智慧財產權管理 （三） 將研究方向分為基礎研究導向與產業技術導向 （四） 鼓勵大學教授投入產業服務 （五） 設立創新技術公司 三、 對研發機構而言 （一） 研發機構應更積極鼓勵研發人員投入研發 （二） 積極與民間企業合作並從事技術推廣與技術移轉 （三） 加強智慧財產權管理能力 （四） 落實R＆D人數/智財權業務人數比例 四、 對廠商而言 （一） 培養本身研發能力與技術承接能力 （二） 善用外在技術資源 （三） 建立智慧財產權權管理制度 （四） 與學研單位合作應秉持多次合作的誠意 （五） 與學研單位建立長期合作關係並合理的給予回饋 目錄 表 目 錄 3 圖 目 錄 5 第一章 緒論 7 第一節 研究背景 7 第二節 研究動機 10 第三節 研究目的與問題 12 第四節 研究大綱 13 第二章 文獻探討 15 第一節 智慧財產權 15 第二節 科技基本法 26 第三節 產學合作 29 第四節 產研合作 39 第三章 研究方法 45 第一節 研究取向 45 第二節 研究方法 47 第三節 訪談對象 48 第四節 個案範圍 49 第五節 研究限制 50 第四章 先進國家產學研合作與智慧財產權管理 51 第一節 美國產學研合作與智慧財產權管理 51 第二節 日本產學研合作與智慧財產權管理 83 第三節 德國產學研合作與智慧財產權管理 101 第五章 國內個案分析 119 第一節 工業技術研究院 119 第二節 台大慶齡工業中心 155 第三節 宏□電腦 175 第六章 結論與建議 191 第一節 結論 191 第二節 對政府的建議 195 第三節 對大學的建議 201 第四節 對研發機構的建議 204 第五節 對產業界的建議 206 第六節 對後續研究的建議 209 參考文獻 213 / Taiwan’s industry has transferred from traditional labor-intensive industries to knowledge-intensive technology industries. Furthermore, Taiwan has become a leading country for information and electronics manufacturing industries. According to statistical data, Taiwan has leaded more than ten items of components in their industries in the world and their marketing shares are getting up. But our industrial structure is based on Small Middle Enterprise (SME). The R&D capability can’t keep up with the oversea big companies. The collaboration between industry, university, and research institute is very important for Taiwan’s industries. SME depend universities and research institutes’ research outcomes to bring up the industrial technology level. Intellectual Property Right (IPR) is one of the most important competitive weapons for industry. As a result, IPR management ability is what every firm would like to cultivate. In 1998, the Legislative Yuan passed the Science and Technology Basic Law which allowing the IPR releasing from the government sponsored projects to the research institutes and universities. It would have a tremendous effect on the IPR management in collaborated research between industry, university, and research institute. From the management and law’s point view, the purpose of this thesis is to (1) clarify and analyze the international and domestic data of IPR management; (2) compare the collaborated research between industry, university, and research institute in advanced countries such as the United State, Japan, and Germany; and (3) study the case of Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), Taiwan University, and ACER to discover the practical IPR management problems in Taiwan. With proper university and industry collaboration and technology transfer system, universities will get proper return for the research fund and industry will be able to utilize the invention well. Therefore the innovative research outcomes would be protected and the knowledge would diffuse smoothly that reinforce Taiwan’s National Innovation System (NIS). Consequently, this thesis makes the following suggestions for government, universities, research institutes, and industries: 1. For Government (1) Allow the university and research institute to own the Intellectual Property Right. (2) Government own the exceptional involvement right in order to apply the R&D outcomes well. (3) Proper restriction to patent application. (4) Establish Industrial Technology Transfer Service (ITTS). (5) Amend the relative regulations and laws. 2. For University (1) Establish specific IPR management office. (2) Collaborate with the agency institute to executive IPR management. (3) Divide research direction into basic research orientation and industrial technology research orientation. (4) Encourage professors devoting the industrial service. (5) Fund the innovation technological company. 3. For Research Institute (1) Encourage R&D staff devoting more effort in their job. (2) Actively collaborate with industry and engage in technology transfer and promotion. (3) Enhance IPR management ability. (4) Improve the R&D staff / IPR management staff ratio. 4. For Industry (1) Cultivate R&D ability and technology receiving ability. (2) Utilize outside technology resource well. (3) Establish IPR management system. (4) Remain condor when collaborate with universities and research institutes. (5) Establish long-term partnership with universities and research institutes then give them reasonable feedback.