The purpose of this study is to bring together the information necessary to assess the Mixtec goldsmithing techniques and the designation of these techniques as a culmination of New World metallurgy. Historical and technological backgrounds are examined in depth.

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The Institute for Advanced Learning and Research (IALR) is located in the south central region of Virginia commonly known as "Southside". The IALR was established in 2002 by the Code of Virginia for the primary purpose of revitalizing this economically distressed area of Virginia. The education of the citizenry of this area is central to this purpose. One method of providing for this purpose is partnering with the school divisions within the service region of the IALR to provide increased access to educational opportunities. The service region of the IALR includes eight school divisions. The purpose of this study was to determine the perceived needs of K-12 educators in the service region of the IALR in Southside Virginia. Teachers, principals, superintendents, and directors of instruction from each school division in the study area received a hyperlink to a separate survey instrument in which items were selected for inclusion that likely match the participant's knowledge based upon his or her job title. Specifically, they provided their perceptions on teaching staff development needs, administrative staff development needs, curricular needs, and the other needs they may have. Descriptive statistics were used to report the data designed to identify the needs of the eight school divisions in this geographic area. The census survey method was used to collect data from the eight school divisions served by the IALR returned data from 100% of the superintendents and directors of instruction, 70.4% of principals, and 6.4% of teachers within these school divisions. The low response rate for teachers made the value of their perceptions problematic. The findings of the study indicate an overall perceived need for staff development in the areas of special education, science, math, reading, At-Risk programs, and technology. Further, all respondents indicated a desire for greater access to graduate programs, and a majority of participants expressed a desire to have greater communication with the research center in their area. / Ph. D.

Yes / Knowledge transfer (KT) has been identified as an essential element of innovation, driving competitive advantage in increasingly knowledge-driven economies and as a result recent UK Government reports have sought to increase awareness of the importance of KT within higher education institutions (HEIs). There is therefore a need for relevant empirical research that examines, from multiple perspectives, how KT policy is translated into practice within HEI contexts. This paper responds to this need by presenting an in-depth qualitative case study based on over 50 semi-structured interviews with university-based academic and non-academic participants and representatives of small firms involved in InfoLab21, a high profile `centre of excellence¿ for research, development and commercialisation of ICT in Northwest England, UK. The study considers what the key practices of KT are and what promotes and/or hinders their development. Four overarching themes are identified: i) motivation and reward mechanisms; ii) process management and evaluation; iii) clustering and brokerage; and iv) trust and bridge building. Each theme is considered from multiple perspectives and areas for further research are suggested.

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by Choy Chi Keung. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1991. / Includes bibliographical references. / ABSTRACT / Chapter CHAPTER ONE --- INTRODUCTION / Chapter 1.1 --- Historical Background --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- The Taking Shape Of The Basic Policy In The Reform Era --- p.4 / Chapter 1.3 --- Accomplishments From The Technology Transfer --- p.8 / Chapter 1.4 --- Critical Problems --- p.8 / Chapter 1.5 --- Problem One: Excessive Duplication Of Technological Imports --- p.9 / Chapter 1.6 --- Problem Two: Assimilation --- p.11 / Notes --- p.14 / Chapter CHAPTER TWO --- RESEARCH DESIGN / Chapter 2.1 --- Research Problems --- p.16 / Chapter 2.2 --- Units Of Analysis --- p.17 / Chapter 2.3 --- Conceptualization --- p.19 / Chapter 2.4 --- Research Sample --- p.24 / Chapter 2.5 --- Research Method --- p.26 / Chapter 2.6 --- Interpretation Of The Research Result --- p.27 / Chapter 2.7 --- A Final Remark --- p.27 / Notes --- p.29 / Chapter CHAPTER THREE --- THE ENTERPRISE LEVEL / Chapter 3.1 --- The Ideal Operation --- p.30 / Chapter 3.2 --- The Traditional Operation Environment Of A Soviet State Enterprise --- p.32 / Chapter 3.3 --- The Operation Environment Of A Chinese Public-Owned Enterprise In The Reform Era --- p.33 / Chapter 3.4 --- Two Important Behaviour Orientations --- p.39 / Chapter 3.5 --- The Business Environment --- p.40 / Chapter 3.6 --- The Hunger Of Foreign Technology Acquisition --- p.43 / Chapter 3.7 --- The Apathy Towards The Assimilation Of The Imported Technology --- p.45 / Chapter 3.8 --- A Summary --- p.46 / Notes --- p.48 / Chapter CHAPTER FOUR --- THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT LEVEL / Chapter 4.1 --- The Ideal Operation --- p.50 / Chapter 4.2 --- The Incentive Structure --- p.51 / Chapter 4. 3 --- Some Implied Behaviour Orientations --- p.53 / Chapter 4.4 --- A Web Of Interests --- p.60 / Chapter 4.5 --- Issues Of Excessive Duplication Of Technology Imports And Poor Assimilation --- p.62 / Chapter 4.6 --- A Summary --- p.65 / Notes --- p.68 / Chapter CHAPTER FIVE --- THE SUPERVISION MECHANISM LEVEL / Chapter 5.1 --- The Ideal Operation --- p.71 / Chapter 5.2 --- Dual Ruling As The Basic Principle Of Admin i st rat ion --- p.75 / Chapter 5.3 --- The First Type Of Dependence On Local Government: Nomenklatura --- p.77 / Chapter 5.4 --- The Second Type Of Dependence On Local Government: Material Allocation --- p.78 / Chapter 5.5 --- Erosion Of Vertical Ruling By Horizontal Ruling --- p.80 / Chapter 5. 6 --- Erosion Of Supervision Mechanisms --- p.80 / Chapter 5.7 --- Cheating Of The Enterprises --- p.84 / Chapter 5.8 --- A Summary --- p.85 / Notes --- p.87 / Chapter CHAPTER SIX --- CONCLUSION AND THEORETICAL REFLECTION / Chapter 6.1 --- Limitations --- p.90 / Chapter 6.2 --- Theoretical Reflection --- p.95 / Notes --- p.99 / MAJOR BILBIOGRAPHY

The literature on knowledge economies does not offer analysis specific to medium-sized cities despite their distinct economic characteristics. More specifically, the role of universities in medium-sized cities is not documented. This study attempts to add to the body of knowledge on both medium-sized cities and knowledge economies by conducting a case study of the current efforts of a medium-sized city in Georgia. The Augusta-Richmond MSA and the Medical College of Georgia are analyzed. It is hypothesized that the university is the major driver to initiating the construction of a technology transfer infrastructure within the city, a necessary component to a knowledge economy. It is found that the Medical College of Georgia and the Georgia Medical Center Authority, a state entity, are the initiators of developing a technology transfer infrastructure while the local government has made less effort in contributing to the process. Findings show that the lack of visibility of both the Medical College of Georgia and the Augusta region, lack of existing industry in the region, lack of financial resources and lack of venture capital and entrepreneurs in the region are the greatest barriers to efforts to transition the region into successful knowledge-based economy.

In United States and other developed economies, technology transfer is a very important issue. The success of technology transfer is related with industrial upgrade and the development of economics. It is also a key mechanism to efficiently use those research achievements of universities to commercialize and transfer those valuable technologies. There are many research institutions and agricultural technology research organizations in Taiwan. Because the government support the research organizations continuously, Taiwan¡¦s universities has many valuable research results. In the age valuable Intellectual Pattern Right, the formal intellectual property rights, including patents, technological transfer, and the technological licensing, are still little in Taiwan¡¦s universities. So this research¡¦s main idea is to find a ideal model of the technology licensing office based on the processes of technology commercialization and u.s universities¡¦ experiences. The method utilized for collecting data in this thesis was to interview with the experts, researchers and governmental officers to gather the primary information. The other was to gather the secondary information, including research papers, books, theses, and magazines from the On-line databases and libraries. This thesis analyzes the technology transfer system and management policies based on five different points of view, i.e., the initial stage of technology development, the incubation of new technology, the resource attainment , demo of new technology, and the promotion. The important result observed from the thesis is that the degree of commercialization of the research results is not enough. In addition, Taiwan¡¦s technology transfer center just provide limited function. So, there are only few patents and royalties from technological transfer and low ratio of successful commercialization in Taiwan¡¦s universities. Meanwhile, most technology transfer in Taiwan happened through informal channel. So, the effects on technology transfer centers are not so strong. Three suggestions are drawn from the thesis: (1). The IPR conception of researchers is not enough. Researchers should be encouraged to apply pattens and IPR to improve the quality and quantity of Taiwan¡¦s intellectual property. (2). The technology transfer center should clarify the value of the research results and play the role of connection between industry and research institutions. (3). The regulations of IPR in Taiwan should be quickly updated to catch up the fast advancement of technologies.. Furthermore, the infrastructures of agriculture-related IPR management system should be built-up well. keyword¡Gtechnology transfer center¡Buniversity technology transfer¡BIntellectual Patten Right¡Btechnology licensing¡Btechnology commercialization.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Göteborg, Sweden. / Added t.p. with thesis statement and abstract inserted. Includes bibliographical references (p. [247]-264).