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A farsa da liberdade espacial na mobilidade territorial do trabalho para o agrohidronegócio canavieiro no EDR de Araçatuba (SP): a degradação programada do trabalho migrante / The farce of spatial freedom in territorial mobility of work for sugarcane agrohydrobusiness at EDR of Araçatuba (SP): the planned degradation of migrant workforceCardoso, Messias Alessandro 31 January 2018 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2018-01-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Neste texto, procuramos revelar a face oculta do agrohidronegócio canavieiro sob o recorte analítico do EDR de Araçatuba, localizado na região noroeste do estado de São Paulo, enfatizando, o momento atual de reestruturação produtiva, técnica e do trabalho no setor, que vem impondo o flagelo do desemprego a milhares de trabalhadores com a mecanização do corte de cana-de-açúcar e, subjugando aos que permanecem empregados a exorbitante intensificação do trabalho. De modo geral, o principal objetivo dessa pesquisa foi revelar as ações e estratégias do agrohidronegócio canavieiro, sob o prisma da mobilidade territorial do trabalho no EDR de Araçatuba, com o propósito de entender as relações e os impactos sobre as condições de vida e trabalho dos trabalhadores migrantes no corte de cana-de-açúcar. Como queremos demonstrar, o agrohidronegócio canavieiro está encimado no discurso do desenvolvimento, da geração de emprego e renda para os trabalhadores, entretanto seus desdobramentos concretos não atentam para melhoria de vida das populações mais pobres, e nem de longe este é seu objetivo, portanto ao invés de ser a “salvação da lavoura” brasileira, este modelo de produção destrutiva, organizada sob os ditames do sistema do capital, encontra-se completamente tolhido em sentido para os trabalhadores. Nestes termos, o sistema do capital utiliza como trunfo territorial, o processo de mobilidade territorial do trabalho, tendo em vista fazer uso da força de trabalho nos territórios mais rentáveis ao capital. Portanto, é possível dizer, que ao invés de uma decisão livre, o direito de migrar se converte em obrigação compulsória pela sobrevivência: “ir e vir”, longe de ser um ato de liberdade, acaba sendo, a revelação do desespero, de quem se vê pressionado pela necessidade de sobreviver. Ademais, toda apologia do sistema, ao direito à liberdade espacial, desmorona-se e se mostra insustentável teoricamente, pois a liberdade espacial, sob o jugo da lógica do capital é, apenas uma noção fantasiosa, um mero termo do discurso burguês. A grande maioria da população, especialmente os setores condenados à exclusão social, deixam suas terras e suas famílias não por um ato livre, mas por motivos de vida ou morte. Está em jogo a própria sobrevivência. Daí nossa insistência em que ao direito de ir e vir corresponde o direito de “ficar” e poder vivenciar seus territórios e escolhas de maneira digna. / In this paper, we aim to reveal the hidden face of sugarcane agrohydrobusiness under the analytical view of the EDR of Araçatuba, located in the northwest of São Paulo state, emphasizing the current moment of workforce, technical and productive restructuration in this sector, which has been imposing the unemployment plague to millions of workers due to the mechanization of sugarcane cutting and subjugating the ones remaining employed to excessive intensification of work. In general, the aim of this research was to reveal the actions and strategies of the sugarcane agrohydrobusiness from the point of view of territorial mobility at the EDR of Araçatuba, intending to understand the relations and impacts over the life and work conditions of migrant workers in sugarcane cutting. As we intend to prove, the sugarcane agrohydrobusiness is supported by the discourse of development, job and income creation to workers, even though, its concrete deployments do not focus on the improvement of life to poorer populations, and it is far beyond its objective, thus, instead of being the “salvation of plantation “to Brazil, this destructive production mode, organized under the dictates of the Capital System is found hindered in sense to workers. This way, the capital system uses as territorial trump, the territorial mobility process, aiming to use the workforce in the most profitable territories to the capital. Thus, it’s possible to state that, instead of a free decision, the right to migrate becomes a compulsory obligation in order to survive: “going” and “coming”, it is far from being a free action, it ends up being the despair revelation from people who find themselves pressured for the need to survive. In addition, all the apology of the system to the right of spatial mobility collapses and becomes theoretically impossible, once the spatial mobility, under the rational capital view, is just an imaginative, a mere term of bourgeois discourse. The largest part of population, especially the sector condemned to social exclusion, leaves the lands and families not as a free action but as a life or death issue. Survival is at check. That is the reason of our insistence about the right of coming and going regards to the right of “remain” and experience the territories and choices in a dignified way. / FAPESP: 2015/04464-7
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Les minorités, l'espace et le droit : Indiens et Morisques dans la configuration territoriale de l'Empire Ibérique / Minorities, territories and law : Peruvian Indians and Moriscos in the territorial configuration of the Iberian Empire (16th century)Ferri carreres, Natividad 30 November 2017 (has links)
Comment un monarque agit-il pour exercer son pouvoir sur deux territoires éloignés géographiquement, mais tous deux peuplés par des minorités juridiques ? Cette thèse a pour objectif de mener une étude comparative sur la manière dont la Monarchie Hispanique a exercé le contrôle politique, et notamment le contrôle de la mobilité spatiale, sur la minorité morisque du royaume de Valence et sur la minorité indienne péruvienne au cours du XVIe siècle.Notre recherche met l’accent sur l’importance du contrôle de la mobilité spatiale de ces minorités comme un moyen pour mettre en application des objectifs spécifiques au bon fonctionnement de la gouvernance de chaque territoire. De l’analyse de ces objectifs, réalisé en grande partie à partir de l’ordre juridique de l’époque, il découle que les Morisques et les Indiens ont été l’objet d’un traitement différencié, motivé par le contexte politique, social ou économique qui prévalait dans chaque espace géographique. Toutefois, notre travail met en évidence la volonté de déplacer ces minorités pour les éloigner des côtes ou les regrouper dans des villages séparés, afin de les confiner et de les isoler. Paradoxalement, nous avons également observé, à la suite de la mise en place d’un tel contrôle, l’apparition d’effets non prévus, tels que les fuites et d’autres formes de résistance. / How does a monarch exercise his power over two geographically distant territories, both populated by juridical minorities? This thesis intends to carry out a comparative study of the way in which the Hispanic Monarchy exercised political control, and in particular territorial mobility control, over the Morisco minority in the Kingdom of Valencia and the Peruvian Indian minority during the 16th century.This research will show the important role of controlling the territorial mobility of those minorities as the monarchical instrument for reaching its political, social and economic goals in each territory. The analysis of these objectives, based in large part on the legislative rulings of that era, infers that the Moriscos and the Peruvian Indians endured a differentiated control due to the political, social and economic context that prevailed in each of the territories they occupied. Nevertheless, this work reveals the will of the monarchical power in displacing and alienating these minorities from the coasts or grouping them in distant villages, in order to better confine and control them. Paradoxically, it is found that such control ends in creating “undesirable” effects, such as escapes and other forms of resistance.
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