Écrivain de la première moitié du XVIIe siècle, Le Père Jacques Du Bosc est principalement connu par sa position favorable aux dames et pour sa polémique contre les jansénistes. Sous la protection de Richelieu, Du Bosc rédige, comme Faret et Grenaille, des œuvres concernant l’honnêteté afin d’établir des relations nouvelles entre les individus, à la Cour comme à la Ville. La question de l’honnêteté préoccupe beaucoup l’esprit du XVIIe siècle. Au cours du temps, la société cherche à connaître le « juste milieu » afin de s’approcher de cette qualité mondaine. Dans ce cadre, Du Bosc fut parmi les premiers à proposer un manuel destiné à enseigner aux deux sexes les moyens de parvenir au monde de l’honnêteté.Ce projet se propose d’étudier le contexte historique de l’écriture de Du Bosc, ses positions vis-à-vis de l’honnêteté, et surtout ce que signifie pour lui une honnête femme. Quelles sont les qualités appréciées et quels sont les critères nécessaires pour entrer dans le commerce du monde ? Cette étude vise également à découvrir la culture dont le cordelier est imprégné. Le travail d’annotation nous permet de connaître les sources où il puise pour illustrer son ouvrage.Ce projet vise également à découvrir la vie de Du Bosc, et l’influence de son statut religieux sur l’ensemble de ses ouvrages, et notamment sur L’Honneste femme. Pour cet homme, nourri de l’enseignement de saint François de Sales, quels sont les principes pour « accommoder » la vie dévote à la société mondaine ? Y a-t-il un rapport avec sa position anti-janséniste ?Enfin, l’édition critique rendra compte de l’évolution du texte maintes fois réédité au cours du XVIIe siècle : seront envisagées les différentes étapes de la rédaction et la question des privilèges, puis les textes des premières publications seront confrontés à l’édition corrigée de 1658. / At the dawn of the French Renaissance, under Italian influence, Francis I of France creates a brilliant court life by transforming the Louvre palace and relying on the fascination of artistic works to give his courtiers an impressive image of his power. In the late sixteenth and early seventeenth century, France continues to refine the culture of her court : progressively, elegant and refined courtiers replace those warriors in old time, valorous for sure, but rough and coarse. The author presented here, Jacques Du Bosc, is a writer of the first half of the seventeenth century. His work, L’Honneste Femme aims to teach women how to behave in a society that attaches so much importance to the art of pleasing, and show them that such a behavior is not inconsistent with Christian life. A religious person of the Cordeliers Franciscan, he is known for his innovative visions for female education, and for his polemical writings against Jansenism. On female education, different from the humanist pedagogue Juan-Luis Vives, who applied concrete precepts to guide women’s behaviors in their daily life, Du Bosc would rather help them reflect and distinguish between good and evil by highlighting his stories of virtuous speech, usually drawn from mythology and antiquity. He is convinced that women, like men, can also consciously lead a virtuous life. Although this work is dedicated to women, the advice it contains could often concern both male and female Christians. Reprinted more than twenty times between 1632 and 1665, L’Honneste Femme can be considered as a bestseller of the salon literature in the seventeenth century. Besides, entering a Franciscan monastery at an early age, Du Bosc left his clerical position during the years of 1630-1640 for some unknown reasons. We could suggest that his life in the world has influenced him deeply when it comes to the practice of Christian life in society. Despite his clerical position, Du Bosc believes that “there is nothing more important than knowing the Art of Pleasing” to succeed in the world. This belief is conspicuous in the first two parts of his L’Honneste Femme, often akin to salon literature. Although Du Bosc relies on Christian teaching for his female education in the third part, his readers areelites in the society who are passionate about the salon culture. Written with Court and salon as a background, L’Honneste Femme proposed to teach Christians - and first Christian women - how to behave in a society where authority was pervasive, and the priority was to take others’ opinion into consideration. Such education may seem far from the concerns of the twenty-first century readers. Yet L’Honneste Femme can still serve as a reflective document guiding us to find the way which allows us to be successful in the society while remaining virtuous and to know the art of pleasing while staying sincere.

La Manfrediana methodus, expression de Joachim von Sandrart, désigne une façon de peindre d’après Bartolomeo Manfredi, peintre italien du XVIIe siècle, adaptée aux sujets de genre (le concert, le jeu…) et à certains sujets religieux. Elle trouve sa racine dans l’art du Caravage qu’adopte Manfredi avec originalité et dont ses contemporains vont également contribuer à mettre en place. Les peintres étrangers venus à Rome dans les années 1610 vont être séduits par cette « méthode » et on assistera à des variations autour des thèmes de la bonne aventure, des scènes de réunion ou du Reniement de Saint Pierre. La mort de Manfredi en 1622 et le retour de ses suiveurs dans leur pays à partir de 1620 marquent le début de la diffusion de la « méthode » en Europe. Utrecht et Anvers constitueront ses foyers nordiques principaux où elle s’éteindra autour des années 1630. Sa présence en France (à Paris, à Langres, en Languedoc, en Lorraine, et en Provence) sera notamment soulignée avec les cas de Georges de La Tour et Trophime Bigot. En Italie, si la « méthode » a survécu à Rome jusque dans les années 1630, en Toscane elle cristallise en un langage artistique particulier ; à Naples, sa trace peut être suggérée et c’est avec Mattia Preti qu’elle semble trouver ses derniers souffles, au-delà de 1650. En Espagne enfin, les premières scènes de genre Vélasquez peuvent très bien renvoyer à la « méthode ». Celle-ci, de par son adoption par des artistes d’origines diverses et de sensibilités différentes, se verra ainsi être utilisée avec des variations stylistiques et thématiques et se présente comme l’un des phénomènes artistiques européens les plus importants du XVIIe siècle. / The Manfrediana methodus, an expression by Joachim von Sandrart, refers to a method of painting after Bartolomeo Manfredi, an Italian painter in the 17th century, with life-size and half-length figures for genre subjects (concert, card players…) and some religious ones. The “method” is rooted in the art of Caravaggio adopted by Manfredi with originality, however, his contemporaries also contribute to its establishment. Foreign painters in Rome were seduced by Manfredi’s art as the variations on the Fortune-telling scenes, meeting scenes and the Denials of Saint Peter prove. Manfredi’s death in 1622 and the return of his followers in their country marks the diffusion of the “method” in Europe. Utrecht and Antwerp are its most important centers where it flourished until around 1630s. Its presence in France (Paris, Languedoc, Lorraine, Langres and Provence) can be underlined with the case of Georges de La Tour and Trophime Bigot. In Italy, if the “method” had survived in Rome until the 1630s, it crystallized in Tuscany in a particular artistic language. In Naples, its trace can be suggested and its last breaths, beyond 1650, seems to be found thanks to Mattia Preti. In Spain, the first genre scenes by Velazquez and the Triumph of Bacchus may well refer to it. Through the adherence by painters with various origins and different sensibilities, the “method” is used with stylistic and thematic diversities and represents one of the most important European artistic phenomenon in the 17th century.

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences. / Department of History

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This thesis investigates the shifting representation of trash and trifles in the literature and art of sixteenth and early seventeenth century England. It connects previously disparate critical fields – religion, politics, national identity, travel, literary criticism – in order to offer new perspectives on the period. The investigation of the terms ‘trash' and ‘trifles' at the centre of this project reinstates a crucial literary perspective to the historical study of early modern England's crises in spiritual and material value, whilst retaining a keen awareness of the importance of interconnected historical contexts ranging from the mercantile to the spiritual and the cultural. I have traced the connected development of the terms trash and trifles across the period 1519-1614, and closely examined their use in response to various crises in value, whether spiritual or mercantile. How writers of polemic and drama develop a language in which to articulate such crises, and the ways in which that language necessarily combines elements of both the spiritual and the mercantile, is a central theme. Key elements of this development are marked by Queen Katherine Parr's invective about the mercantile corruption of spiritual treasure with material papal ‘tryfles'; Sir Thomas Smith's assertion of the spiritual immorality of material ‘trifles'; Thomas Harriot and John White's presentation of the mercantile and spiritual benefit of exporting trash and trifles to the New World; and in the staging of trash and trifles in a series of late sixteenth and early seventeenth century plays which, I argue, were in part designed to mount a defense against anti-theatrical allegations regarding the effeminate valuelessness of playing. This thesis illustrates how the deployment of the terms trash and trifles in early modern England can be productively used to trace the shaping of the Protestant English commonwealth as a destinct, secure and valuable entity in an unstable and increasingly global post-Reformation world.

Orientador: Carlos Eduardo Ornelas Berriel / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-02T19:50:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ribeiro_AnaClaudiaRomano_D.pdf: 462497191 bytes, checksum: 95a1bcb4a0a455fe962de04edb99c491 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Conteudo: v.1. Estudo ; v.2. Tradução / Resumo: Analisar e traduzir La Terre Australe connue são os objetivos desta tese de doutorado. Segundo "G. de F", narrador do prefácio, La Terre Australe connue é a tradução do relato da viagem de Nicolas Sadeur ao último continente ainda desconhecido no século XVII, chamado nos mapas da época de terra australis incógnita, um lugar aprazível, habitado e totalmente planejado - em todos os seus aspectos - por hermafroditas perfeitamente racionais. Este pseudodocumento é uma utopia literária que foi, em realidade, escrita por Gabriel de Foigny e publicada em Genebra, em 1676, sob falso nome de editor e de cidade. O trabalho está dividido em dois volumes. O volume 1 é dedicado à análise da obra e contém dois capítulos principais. O primeiro trata da definição da utopia como gênero literário partindo do texto paradigmático de Thomas Morus, A Utopia. No segundo capítulo, apresento uma biografia de Gabriel de Foigny, faço uma revisão bibliográfica da crítica já publicada sobre sua utopia para, em seguida, desenvolver minha interpretação da figura do hermafrodita como alegoria da hibridização 1) do poder real absoluto, 2) do Estado absolutista e 3) do panorama religioso francês desta época. Passo em seguida à análise da figura do hermafrodita tal como ela é descrita pelo autor, percebendo que ela se insere na tradição menipéia e luciânica. Na parte seguinte, estudo outros temas relevantes para a compreensão desta utopia: a questão religiosa no capítulo VI ("Da religião dos austrais"), a ciência e a técnica na Terra Austral, o prefácio e o narrador-editor, a temática das línguas e da tradução nesta utopia e, por fim, o libertinismo. Um apêndice é dedicado ao estudo das fontes gregas da utopia. No volume 2 está a tradução para o português, organizada numa edição bilíngue acompanhada de notas. / Abstract: The aim of this doctoral thesis is to analyze and translate La Terre Australe connue. According to "G. de F. ", the narrator of the preface, La Terre Australe connue is the translation of Nicolas Sadeur's voyage account to the last continent still unknown in the 17th Century, called terra australis incognita on the maps of the period, an inhabited place, in all aspects pleasing and totally planned by perfectly rational hermaphrodites. This pseudodocument is a literary Utopia. It was, in fact, written by Gabriel Foigny and published in Geneva in 1676, under a false name of city and editor. The work is divided into two volumes. Volume 1 is dedicated to the analysis of the text and contains two main chapters. The first one deals with the definition of Utopia as a literary genre starting from the paradigmatic text of Thomas More, Utopia. The second brings a biography of Gabriel de Foigny, a review of the published criticism about his Utopia with the purpose of, afterwards, presenting my personal reading of it, based on the figure of the hermaphrodite as an allegory of the hybridization of 1) the absolute royal power, 2) the absolutist state and 3) the religious panorama of 17th Century France. I examine, then, the figure of the hermaphrodite as it is described by the author, observing that it continues the menippean and lucianic tradition. After that, I study other relevant subjects to the understanding of this Utopia: the religious question in Chapter VI ("The religion of the Southern"), science and technology in the Southern Land, the preface and the narrator-editor, the thematics of language and translation in this Utopia and, eventually, the philosophical libertinism. An appendix is devoted to the study of Greek sources of Utopia. In volume 2 we present the Portuguese translation, organized in a bilingual edition, accompanied by notes. / Doutorado / Historia e Historiografia Literaria / Doutor em Teoria e História Literária

A presente Dissertação de Mestrado propõe analisar o texto Informacion |1640|, do polígrafo português Manuel de Faria e Sousa (1590-1649), a partir das fontes retóricas e poéticas que orientaram a sua estruturação como gênero de defesa. O discurso seiscentista proposto à análise é redigido posteriormente à sentença promulgada pela Mesa Pequena do Tribunal do Santo Ofício de Lisboa, a qual veta a circulação dos Comentarios aos Lusíadas, do letrado referido, assim que publicados em 1639. O substrato da ação acusatória reprova veementemente as alegorias presentes no livro censurado, que se erigem com sentido religioso a partir da trama mitológica do poema heróico de Luís de Camões. Manuel de Faria justifica em Informacion os intrincados mecanismos operadores da interpretação alegórica proposta. Por se tratar de uma resposta de um acusado às reclamações interpostas pelos padres revedores de livros, importa trazermos em Apêndice inéditos registros da Inquisição lisbonense (Ms. Port. 5280.381* da Houghton Library, da Universidade de Harvard), por nós aqui transcritos, fundamentais para o entendimento acerca da censura imposta à conhecida obra de Comentários. / The present Master\'s Dissertation proposes to analyze the text Informacion |1640|, written by the Portuguese polygraph Manuel de Faria e Sousa (1590-1649), from the Rhetorical and Poetic sources that guided its structuration as a defense genre. The sixteenth-century discourse proposed to the analysis is drafted subsequent to the sentence promulgated by the Mesa Pequena do Tribunal do Santo Ofício de Lisboa, which prohibits the circulation of the Comentarios aos Lusiadas, by the above-named scholar, since its publication in 1639. The substrate of accusatory action strongly disapproves of the allegories found in the censored book, which are constructed with a religious meaning based on the mythological plot of the heroic poem by Luís de Camões. Manuel de Faria justifies in Informacion the intricate mechanisms which lead to the proposed allegorical interpretation. Because we are dealing with an answer of a defendant to complaints brought by the book reviewer priests, it is worth bringing in Appendix the unpublished records of the Lisbon Inquisition (Ms.Port.5280.381* The Houghton Library, Harvard University), transcribed by us here, crucial to the understanding about the censorship imposed to the known book of Comments.

Esta tese se propõe examinar a poesia de John Donne (1572-1631) na perspectiva de um âmbito mais amplo de práticas representativas dos meios letrados das cortes do século XVII. Pressupondo a vigência de uma instituição retórica cujos preceitos condicionavam a prática poética, adota-se uma metodologia de pesquisa que flexibiliza os limites classificatórios da historiografia oitocentista posteriormente impostos aos poetas do século XVII. Assim, procede-se a uma análise retórico-poética da poesia de Donne, particularmente, mas também de seus coetâneos George Chapman, Fulke Greville, William Shakespeare e outros considerando os gêneros e estilos de suas composições, as espécies de agudeza que efetuavam, a adequação dos conceitos que formulavam como ornato dialético enigmático e a legibilidade que constituíam nas obras. Propõe-se uma investigação dos pressupostos doutrinários vigentes na época que significam as práticas representativas e as categorias que a envolvem, como a conceituação de que a poesia vernacular culta se define como prática de emulação da poesia greco-latina em seu elenco de autoridades; de que a preceituação vernacular analogamente se define como prática de emulação da preceitução antiga em seus postulados diversos; que a prática de emulação é ativa e não pressupõe cópia servil, mas variação dos argumentos de um mesmo lugar de invenção e variação do tópico elocutório, assumindo a versatilidade das operações retórico-poéticas como prova de engenho e arte. Tendo como força determinante a valoração do wit (engenho; ingenio; ingegno) nos meios letrados do século XVII, esta tese considera sempre que pode as práticas poéticas e preceptivas continentais, cruzando-as com suas contrapartes inglesas, buscando definir os critérios variados de recepção da poesia e os preceitos em uso que constituem a poética da agudeza. / This Ph.D. thesis examines the poetry of John Donne (1572-1631) in the light of the representative practices in the learned circles of 17th century courts. Presuming that there was an effective presence of a rhetorical institution at that time, which conditioned poetical production, I have adopted a critical methodology that displaces the classificatory limits of 19th century historiography later imposed on the poets of the early 17th century. I have specifically made a rhetorical-poetical analysis of the poetry of Donne, but also of George Chapman, Fulke Greville, William Shakespeare and others, considering the genres and the styles of their composition, the types of wit they used, the aptness of the conceits formulated as enigmatic dialectical ornaments, and the legibility of their works. I have also investigated the doctrinal conjectures current at the time which then signified the representative practices, such as the concept that cultivated vernacular poetry was defined as an emulation of Greek and Latin poetry; that the vernacular doctrines of rhetoric were also defined as emulation of ancient doctrines; and that the practice of emulation was an active force, and did not imply servile imitation, but rather a variation of the places of argument and the elocutory topic, taking on the diversity of rhetorical and poetical procedures as proof of wit and art. Taking as a determining force the value given to wit (engenho; ingenio; ingegno) in the learned circles of the early 17th century, this thesis also takes into consideration continental poetical and rhetorical practices, cross-examining them with English ones, in an attempt to define the diverse criteria of poetry reception and the precepts then extant which ultimately constituted the poetics of wit.

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