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The castle in Telc is one of the few buildings in the Czech republic whose interiors from the second half of the 16th century have been preserved almost unaltered. Owner dominion Zacharias of Hradec had the castle enlarged and its interiors splendidly decorated. The decorations reflect the personal taste of the castle lord. The early designs were taken from a production of Nurnberg workshops. Later the Dutch influence prevailed. The inspiration by the Dutch engravers Cornelis Cort, Frans Huys and Swiss Rudolf Wyssenbach can be traced. Later, but not less important source of inspiration, is book Imagines gentis austriacae by the Italian painter and draughtsman Francesco Terzio. Various crypto-portraits, mainly in the Rooms that were opened to the public, may be attributed to personal representation as well. Another very specific form of representation are the bears who support the coat of arms of the castle lord and his first wife Kateřina of Wallenstain. The bears point out to a legend, according to which the castle lord's family descends from house Ursini, an ancient Italian family. The imperial chamber served for family representation as well. The chamber is decorated with portraits medallions of the roman kings and queens and several unidentifiable portraits. Although I was not able to prove...

in English: The topic of this Diploma Thesis is the Sychrov Castle Library, which belonged to the Rohan noble clan. The aim of this Thesis was to evaluate the proveniencial, thematic, linguistic and quantitative representation of individual titles. The introduction presents the aim of the work and its structure. The subsequent chapters focus briefly on the history of the Sychrov Castle and the history of the Rohans, mainly the Rohan-Guémené line, since the members of the clan who settled at the Sychrov Castle came from that line. Details are given about the representatives of the nobility clan who had substantial influence on the appearance and composition of the castle library. The fourth chapter is devoted to the Sychrov Castle Library itself and familiarises readers with catalogues, book quantities, document issue dates, information about the oldest and newest titles, the language composition of the library's collection and preserved exlibris, supralibros and ownership inscriptions. The most extensive chapter, the fifth one, focuses on the content characteristics of the Sychrov Castle Library's collection. The sixth chapter compares the library's collection with the library collections of two different nobility clans, the Beaufort-Spontin and the Mensdorff-Pouilly clans. The seventh chapter...

I studied effects of UV-B radiation on egg and larval golden shiner (Notemigonus crysoleucas) in Castle Lake, California, USA. To compare egg hatching and survival of larval golden shiner, I exposed eggs and larval fish to three different UV-B treatments, low UV-B (4% UV-B), high UV-B (92% UV-B), and ambient (100% UV-B). The egg experiment was conducted in lake and pond water, whereas proto- and mesolarval stage experiments were conducted in lake water only. High and ambient UV-B radiation affected the hatching rate of golden shiner eggs. The mean hatching rate was 13% lower in high UV-B, and 9% lower in ambient UV-B compared to the low UV-B treatments. The hatching rate, however, was not significantly different between lake and pond treatments. The survival of egg to hatched larval stage was reduced under high and ambient UV- 8 radiation compared to low UV-8 treatment in the lake water experiment. In the pond water experiment, however, the survival of newly hatched larvae was not different among UV-8 treatments. During the experimental periods, no survival difference among treatments was observed for larval stages of golden shiners. Mean amount of UV-8 radiation penetrating an oligo-mesotrophic lake differed from that in an adjoining pond during the summer of 1997. UV-8 radiation in pond water was highly absorbed compared to absorbency in lake water. High concentrations of dissolved organic carbon in pond water were likely responsible for the difference in absorbency of UV-8 radiation.

The area was from its inception a hub of not only the surrounding area but the entire region. Founding order of monks founded it in the mid-13th century, amid wild Žďárské Hills. The monastery is a significant push for the development of agriculture, education, and also brought the new technology. Its peak in the area enjoyed under the guidance of an enlightened abbot Vaclav Vejmluva, who advocated the architecturally unique. He invited architect Jan Blazej Santini Aichel to design complex remodeling and designing the pilgrimage church of St. John of Nepomuk on Green Mountain. It is this unique today is inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List for its unique style of Baroque Gothic. The monastery was closed by decree of Emperor Joseph II. in 1784. Shortly after he was bought by the nobility. Despite these events complex kept its position as a cultural and educational center continues to serve lidem.1930 lock acquires ownership of the Kinsky family, but in 1948 there is a nationalization of assets transferred under the management and ownership of the state. This period brought a large decline of the entire complex, which after centuries of its unique position came. Today's attempt to correct these errors started after returning the property to its original owners, the Kinsky family. Current owner Konstantin Kinský trying to build on the tradition and education. Very convenient position at the junction large cities of Prague and Brno, architectural and historic qualities combined with the beauty and diversity of the surrounding nature helps lock to become a major tourist center. The aim is to underline this position a lucrative background and offering his own castle, while keeping genius loci and underline its importance. Given the set goal and the architecture of the campus, I divided the complex into three zones, which are variable deeper into the area treat. The first zone is public, it consists of museums, galleries and meeting facilities, it is the noisiest and accessible first. Serve as regular visitors and tourists who are staying in the area. This zone is a kind of buffer, protecting the gradual calming. The second zone is a semi-public, already serves local school pupils and visitors to the spa and hotel guests. This zone also serves as an access and smoothing filter. The last zone is semi-private. Almost in its entirety it occupies park hotel, which dates back to the shore of the pond and is adjacent to the private gardens of Princess Tamara Kinski. This environment is free from all the noise and undesirable elements associated with heavy traffic roads and features associated with the first zones. They serve as a refuge. All zones are connected barrier-covered footbridge, which starts at and ends up on the edge of the complex ecology museum. This bridge will merge as a kind of mediator and connections between functions and increases the comfort offered. The bridge is fully enclosed and provides a safe journey and a refuge from the often raw local weather. The entire complex is designed as a universally embracing space. The area serves primarily for the pleasure of the mind and soul and allow himself to penetrate wildness and diversity Zdarske nature. Scale remains a very human and avoids congestion visitor. They serve as a refuge in the wildness of the landscape and the environment as a place of education, culture and history.

The portrait genre has been one of the most significant in royal and aristocratic homes since the Renaissance. This thesis concerns the portrait collection in the Baroque castle Skokloster, built by the successful count and field marshal Carl Gustaf Wrangel in the 1600s with its unique architecture. The castle houses a significant collection of portrait paintings, some of which date back to the time of its construction, and which constitute a majority of the total number of artworks in the collection. The Swedish noble family, as part of Early Modern court culture, saw their creation of an art collection as vital for fashioning a sense of lineage, respectability, and exercise of power. The thesis asks questions like how the portraits can be understood in relation to the architecture and decorum of the rooms, and how the Swedish Baroque culture and aesthetics are staged in the portraits in relation to court culture and the art collection as a whole. The portrait as a medium is a way for us to remember a deceased historical person but at the same time a way for the sitter to idealize and flatter themselves into an image they desire. Hence a portrait is a union between realism and ideal, documentation and fiction. The portrait has a performative power and acts on behalf of the real person which it depicts. Furthermore, the portrait can give us glimpses of a bygone era of court culture, art patrons, artists, Baroque fashion, court ballets, and festivities.

This bachelor`s thesis present a study that is based on the castle garden at Tjolöholm Castle in Sweden. The focus is to examine which interesting changes and updates have been made. Many of them have happened in the last decade, others already happened during the time of the castle owners Blanche Dickson's lifetime. Her husband passed away prematurely and was basically not involved in the work of creating the garden. Mrs. Dickson, on the other hand, had the architect Lars Israel Wahlman to do it. He had been involved in the new construction of Tjolöholm's Castle and had thus gained the confidence to take on the castle garden. The planned knot garden at Tjolöholm was not laid out at the beginning of the 20th century because Blanche Dickson passed away very unexpectedly. The establishment of the knot garden therefore never happened then. Since Mrs. Dickson approved architect Wahlman's proposal with a knot garden, so she must have made sure that there was also one planned. But it didn't happen that way because of her passing. The management at Tjolöholm has been based on this knowledge and therefore it has been chosen to be construct. It turned out as Blanche Dickson wished and today it is part of the castle garden where it has now resulted in an interesting part of the well-visited and appreciated garden environment that is found at Tjolöholm Castle. Probably Mrs. Dickson would have preferred well-to-do and noble people who interested visitors to the knot garden. Today can you visit the castle garden. The study is carried out from physical existence with the guidance of Erwin Panofskys analysis method Ikonologi.

Annotation: The work is dedicated to tapestries from Prague Castle collections, hanging in the State Rooms and the ones that are stored in Prague Castle depository. The tapestries always played an important role in decorating the interior and still help to create a festive atmosphere of this place, usually not accessible to the public. The author focuses on detailed identification of three baroque series known as Anthony and Cleopatra and Months of the year. The serie Anthony and Cleopatra dates back to the turn of the 17th and the 18th centuries. Convolutes of the tapestries of the cycle Months of the year (represented at Prague Castle in two ways - figurally and non-figurally) were made at the beginning of the 18th century as well as in the years 1728-1736. The tapestry on the theme of the life of Anthony and Cleopatra consists of eight pieces. Seven of them belong to an elementary part of Prague Castle collection, the eighth is in Vienna. The serie Months of the year has a similar history. It consists of ten pieces, nine of them are situated at Prague Castle, the tenth is again in Vienna. Longstory short, the work is dedicated to baroque tapestries that help to create genius loci of Prague Castle. After a brief introduction providing the informative insight into the issue, the explanation of the history...

Für Gerhard Billig sollte dieses Werk krönender Abschluss seiner wissenschaftlichen Arbeit sein: das Zusammenführen seiner Lebens- und wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnis zur mittelalterlichen Burgenlandschaft Sachsens - es blieb unvollendet. Sieben Kapitel hatte er konzipiert, fünf davon geschrieben. Was vorliegt, ist ein dennoch in sich geschlossenes Spätwerk, das posthum als wissenschaftliches Essay veröffentlicht werden konnte. Bislang gibt es kein zweites, auf eine longue durée geschriebenes Buch, das aus lokaler, regionaler und landesgeschichtlicher Perspektive die Burgenentwicklung in einer naturräumlich und politisch-administrativ gegliederten Kulturlandschaft in interdisziplinärer Weise beschreibt, angefangen von den Burgwällen des frühen Mittelalters bis zu Änderungen im Wehrbau im Spätmittelalter. Wenngleich einzelne Aspekte dieses Werkes forschungskritisch zu beleuchten sind, so besteht der Wert in der Gesamtsicht auf das Thema und in der konsequent angewandten interdisziplinären Methode. Möge der Leser daher diesen Text als eine letzte Vorlesung Gerhard Billigs begreifen und mit höchstmöglichem Gewinn für sich erfassen. / For Gerhard Billig this book was meant to be the culmination of his lifelong career as a professional historian: the synthesis of his abundant knowledge of medieval castles in Saxony - it remained fragmentary. Gerhard Billig, who had carefully designed this study, was only able to finish five out of seven chapters. Nevertheless, the present book is a coherent academic study worth being published as a posthumous essay. Like no other author before him, Gerhard Billig scrutinized the long-term development of castles from an interdisciplinary perspective within the history of a cultural landscape, which is equally shaped by physiographic conditions, different dominions and Lordships and their administrative districts. This book combines different perspectives from local to regional history and applied regional studies to describe the history of castle building over the longue durée, beginning with the early medieval castle mounds and ending with the innovations in late medieval fortification. Even though some of its aspects are open to debate and may need further historical research, the great value of this study is to provide an overall view on castle building and to take a consistent interdisciplinary approach. Readers may profit from its rich findings and regard this book as Gerhard Billig’s last lecture.

Were there any aristocratic residences in Moravia, where operas were performed even after the year 1800? Surprisingly, the answer is yes. There were two such places in the music history of that country. The first residence was the castle at Náměst' nad Oslavou, a smaller town about forty kilometres west of Brno. The second one was the castle in the town of Telč, situated another fifty kilometres west of Brno. Let us have a closer look at these two cases.