This thesis focuses on the work of the Čapeks Brothers and monitors their premonition of a coming destruction, the World War II. It consists of two parts theoretical and practical. The practical part presents poster set freely interpreting a Hugo Haas film The White Disease.

Chassé par l'arrivée au pouvoir des nazis en Allemagne, Heinrich Mann a presque soixante-deux ans lorsqu'il émigre en France, le 21 février 1933. Comment Heinrich Mann a-t-il pu concilier la continuité de son engagement intellectuel avec la situation même de l'exil et dans quelle mesure son engagement fut-il redéfini par cette situation? Heinrich Mann a compris très vite qu'il lui fallait réadapter les objectifs de son engagement pour pouvoir le poursuivre en terre étrangère ; c'est ce qu'il fit dès les premiers mois passés en France, par les essais qu'il publia. La ville de Nice, où il s'établit, est le lieu de l'écrivain, Paris reste le lieu de l'engagement intellectuel. L'historiographie sur cette époque n'a souvent retenu du personnage qu'une certaine naïveté, et son instrumentalisation par le parti communiste, point qui mérite d'être relativisé. Le roman d'Henri IV, écrit pendant l’émigration, reste l'un des plus grands textes produits par la communauté allemande en exil. / After the Nazis had come to power in Germany, Heinrich Mann at the age of almost sixty-two years old had to go into exile to France on February 21th, 1933. How could he adapt his intellectual commitment to the new status of exile and to what extend was his commitment in France redetermined by the life in exile? Heinrich Mann understood quickly that he had to readjust the objectives of his commitment in order to continue in exile. He implemented it already in the first months he spent in France in the essays and texts he published. The city of Nice was the place where he lived and wrote, Paris remained the place for the intellectual commitment. The historiography of this period has often imputed to him a kind of naivety of character and the exploitation by the German communist party, but this point has to be relativised. Young Henry of Navarre, written during his stay in France is one of the most beautiful texts produced by the German community in exile.

This dissertation deals with German-Soviet economic and political relations from 1939 to 1941. These were forms of totalitarian regimes whose cooperation was not suspended though its own dynamics were influenced by ideological, economic, and political conditions. One of the motives for the intensification of German-Soviet cooperation was Germany's attempt to secure self-sufficiency in the development of raw materials. The German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact of August 23rd, 1939 was a calculated accord with precise objectives when in both systems common national interests, which consisted also in the partition of Poland, overshadowed their ideological differences. This work outlines the circumstances of the negotiations, the main actors, and motives leading to the creation of the most significant trade agreements. It quantifies the Soviet deliveries exported to the German economy in the given period and analyzes the fulfillment of contractual obligations. A barely two-year business relationship in which Reich Foreign Ministry was significantly engaged provided more short-term benefits to the German war economy, especially in quantitative terms. It helped Hitler, among others, partially solve the import dependency. With regard to the structure of trade, the Stalinist regime was particularly important for the Nazi economy because of imports of raw materials and food. Reciprocally, Hitler's Germany represented a notable source of technologies and arms production. Business contracts completion was affected by military operations, strategic plans, contract terms and conditions, and other factors. In the last part, the thesis analyzes the German economic situation in the occupied territories of the USSR in the years 1941-1943 with respect to the area of present-day Ukraine and Belarus. The aim was to answer the question of whether the planned economic goals were achieved, and to characterize the most important factors influencing German economic gains. Part of this research was an analysis of the overall balance of obtained minerals, food, and labor in order to provide an answer to the question whether it was worth it, in purely quantitative terms, for Germany to terminate economic cooperation and attack the Soviet Union. Military action was motivated by economic objectives, while there is no doubt about the racially ideological background. In the elaboration and implementation of occupation policy representatives of the industrial and banking sectors or the Reich's ministries were actively involved. Benefits expected from the economic occupation of the Soviet territory were not realized. Efficiency and goals achievement were complicated by evacuation and collaboration, also corruption, guerrilla activities, and the concept of occupation policy.

Diploma thesis "Media image of czech entertainment film production in magazines Eva, Módní revue and Pestrý týden in period 1939 - 1942" deals with analysis of three specific magazines from the era of Nazi occupation and "Protectorate Böhmen und Mähren", called Eva, Módní revue and Pestrý týden, with the accent of their entertainment character, especially their cover of czech protectorate film production, its changes and proceeding in the concrete period, as well as the activities of filmmakers and feature film itself. Diploma thesis also follows the influence of czech protectorate and Nazi authorities over these magazines, using the method of historical comparative analysis.

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Rezension einer Studie von beinahe 1.200 Seiten Text und 300 Seiten bibliographischen und statistischen Anhang. Es werden über 100 Berufungsvorgänge im Fach Philosophie vom Ende des Ersten bis zum Ende des Zweiten Weltkrieges aus den Akten dargestellt. Die einigermaßen dröge Materie nötigt den Autor, des öfteren seinen Positivismus hervorzukehren und den Lesern zu versichern, hier würden zentrale historische Wissenslücken geschlossen. Was er von vornherein nicht beansprucht, ist ein Erkenntnisgewinn in philosophischer Hinsicht, es geht um historische Quellenaufbereitung und nicht um eine neue Form der philosophiehistorischen Wahrheit.

This thesis examines the ideological nexus of nationalism and heritage under the social conditions of neoliberalism. The investigation aims to demonstrate how neoliberal economics stimulate the irrationalism manifest in nationalist idealisation of the past. The institutionalisation of national heritage was originally a rational function of the modern state, symbolic of its political and cultural authority. With neoliberal erosion of the productive economy and public institutions, heritage and nostalgia proliferate today in all areas of social life. It is argued that this represents a social pathology linked to the neoliberal state's inability to construct a future-orientated national project. These conditions enhance the appeal of irrational nationalist and regionalist ideologies idealising the past as a source of cultural purity. Unable to achieve social cohesion, the neoliberal state promotes multiculturalism, encouraging minorities to embrace essentialist identity politics that parallel the nativism of right-wing nationalists and regionalists. This phenomenon is contextualised within the general crisis of progressive modernisation in Western societies that has accompanied neoliberalisation and globalisation. A new theory of activist heritage is advanced to describe autonomous, politicised heritage that appropriates forms and practices from the state heritage sector. Using this concept, the politics of irrational nationalism and regionalism are explored through fieldwork, including participant observation, interviews and photography. The interaction of state and activist heritage is considered at the Wewelsburg 1933-1945 Memorial Museum in Germany wherein neofascists have re-signified Nazi material culture, reactivating it within contemporary political narratives. The activist heritage of Israeli Zionism, Irish Republicanism and Ulster Loyalism is analysed through studies of museums, heritage centres, archaeological sites, exhibitions, monuments and historical re-enactments. These illustrate how activist heritage represents a political strategy within irrational ideologies that interpret the past as the ethical model for the future. This work contends that irrational nationalism fundamentally challenges the Enlightenment's assertion of reason over faith, and culture over nature, by superimposing pre-modern ideas upon the structure of modernity. An ideological product of the Enlightenment, the nation state remains the only political unit within which a rational command of time and space is possible, and thus the only viable basis for progressive modernity.

Summaries in German and English / Diese Arbeit handelt über das Leben und Leitungshandeln des Baptistenpredigers Arnold Köster (1896–1960). Er gilt als einer der kontinuierlichsten und schärfsten NS-Kritiker im Deutschen Reich. Während des „Dritten Reiches“ verkündigte er prophetisch das Wort Gottes und leitete so seine Wiener Gemeinde und stellte gleichzeitig das NS-Regime in Frage. Die Arbeit enthält eine komplette Leitungsbiographie Kösters. Erstmalig liegt ein Gesamtbild von Kösters Prophetieverständnis vor, das mit neueren Entwürfen prophetischer und pastoraler Leitung ins Gespräch gebracht wird. Anhand von Zitaten aus seinen Predigten wird deutlich, dass Köster der ganzen Gemeinde das prophetische Amt zuwies, aber die Bezeichnung Prophet für sich selbst ablehnte (Köster-Paradoxon). Köster wird besonders im Kontext seiner baptistischen Freikirche und ihrem Verhalten in der NS-Zeit betrachtet. Im Kontrast wird deutlich, dass Köster mit seiner Ortsgemeinde kirchlich-prophetischen Widerstand leistete. Schließlich wird herausgearbeitet, was heutige Leiter von Köster lernen können / This thesis is about the life and leadership of the Baptist preacher Arnold Köster (1896–1960). He is considered one of the sharpest and steadiest NS critics in the Third Reich. During the Third Reich he prophetically proclaimed the word of God while leading his church in Vienna and, at the same time, questioning the Nazi regime. The work contains a complete account of Köster’s leadership. It presents, for the first time ever, an overall picture of Köster’s understanding of prophecy and discusses more recent models of prophetic-pastoral leadership. Based on quotations from his sermons, it becomes clear that Köster assigned the prophetic office to the entire congregation, but rejected the term “prophet” for himself (Köster’s paradox). The emphasis here is on Köster in the context of the German Baptist Union and its conduct during the Nazi era. By way of contrast, it is clear that Köster, along with his local fellowship, put up resistance on the subject of church-prophecy. Finally, with the matter of what today’s leaders can learn from Köster is addressed / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / M. Th. (Christian Leadership)

The present master's thesis undertakes to provide a comparative study of authentic and literary nazi discourse. It takes up the thread of research already carried out into the concept of original nazi language, projects existing observations on that phenomenon onto a work of Czech fine literature and examines the possibility of the drawing of parallels between authentic nazi discourse and its recreation in fiction. The method selected for the purpose is one of study and collation of the features and devices of original nazi language as described in existing linguistic and philological commentaries in parallel with a detailed analysis of the discourse of Bedřich Brenske, the prime nazi protagonist in Arnošt Lustig's novella A Prayer for Katerina Horovitzova (1964). The main focus throughout is on lexical and semantic aspects and their roles in the process of psychological manipulation; the analysis of the fictional text also casts light upon certain extralinguistic and paralinguistic aspects of Brenske's communication that are revealed to the reader through the narrator discourse. Consideration of Brenske's direct speech in the light of the original discourse of the Third Reich reveals a high degree of correspondence between the two, both on the fundamental level of linguistic features and in terms...

The diploma thesis deals with mutual trade between the United States of America and the Third Reich during the years 1933 - 1945 and analyzes the influence of American companies that had their branches or other business interests in Germany during Nazism. The thesis analyzes the international trade and its development between both states in the pre-war period as well as international trade during the war. Thesis deals with the contribution of American companies to the German war economy and analyzes their influence and behavior change after the outbreak of war. The hypothesis on the reduction of business co-operation with the on-going war at state level has been confirmed, just as hypothesis of continuing the cooperation of American firms after the outbreak of war.