Dagdrömmar är en tapetkollektion bestående av tre fondtapeter som kombinerar det moderna, massproducerade digitaltrycket med traditionell, unik broderiteknik. Genom att tillföra handbroderi och dess struktur och textila känsla till ett digitaltryckt tapetmaterial skapas en kollektion som befinner sig i gränslandet mellan design och konst, lyx och budget samt dröm och verklighet.Daydreams is a wallpaper collection consisting of three images that combines the modern, mass-produced digital printing techniques with traditional, unique needlework. By applying embroidery – with its structure and fabric texture – to a digitally printed wallpaper material, a collection is created that lingers on the borders between art and design, luxury and modesty as well as dream and reality. / Program: Textildesignutbildningen

Since 1973, the year in which Elaine Hedges's groundbreaking edition of "The Yellow Wallpaper" was published, Charlotte Perkins Gilman's short story has been read primarily as one of America's leading feminist texts. With potent symbolism and a fragmented style of narration, it is easy to understand why many feminist scholars fashion the story's narrator into a proactive feminist, a courageous heroine who rebels against patriarchal oppression. While this trend of interpretation compellingly attempts to empower the narrator, it often overlooks her perspective of disability and projects the characteristics of a nondisabled, high-functioning feminist on a mentally ill woman. This paper reads Gilman's short story as a narrative of mental illness and applies the research of feminist disability scholars Anita Silvers, Jenny Morris, and Susan Wendell to a close reading of the story. Approaching the story from this perspective, we can identify the systems of oppression that disable the narrator and read "The Yellow Wallpaper" in a way that validates the subjective reality of depression and invites disabled voices into feminism's exploration of womanhood.

Focusing on "The Yellow Wallpaper" (1892) by Charlotte Perkins Gilman and The Singing Detective (1986) by Dennis Potter in dialogue with theories from Freud, Szasz, Foucault and Butler, my thesis considers the role of medicine in encouraging a patient toward a normative subjectivity. The protagonists of each text have become ill as a result of their inability to accept the social contradictions and lies upon which gendered subjectivity is reliant; the unnamed narrator of "The Yellow Wallpaper" comprehends femininity as servitude to male demands, while Marlow of The Singing Detective desires the power patriarchy offers him as a male, but his loss of belief and faith prevent his ascension to masculine status.Both the narrator of "The Yellow Wallpaper" and Marlow resist the imposition of normative gender by practitioners of mainstream medicine. Therefore, a more complex and subtle method of treatment, the psychoanalysis developed by Freud, is employed in The Singing Detective, thereby encouraging the patient to identify illness and discontent as personal, not societal, responsibility.I commence the thesis with an overview of the unequal power relations presupposed and encouraged by medical discourse. Through a process of 'hystericisation' the patient is infantilised and made dependent upon medical care. Linguistic control is central to manipulating patient behaviour within the hospital, and correspondingly the narrator of "The Yellow Wallpaper" and Marlow both seek a new subjectivity through their writing. Difficulties in appropriating language leads to internal incoherency for the protagonists, met by a split subjectivity - a defence mechanism which allows the protagonists to deviate from, at the same time as preserving, their 'good self'.The refusal of "The Yellow Wallpaper's" narrator to relinquish her defiant self and assume femininity is contained by patriarchy - embodied by her husband, John - as insanity. The strict limitation upon a nineteenth-century woman's expression prevents her from positively escaping her physician/husband's script leading to her mental demise. By contrast, Marlow successfully resocialises himself by modifying the hypermasculine persona he idealises, and is finally situated to confront and reform the social contradictions that precipitated his ill-health. However, subdued by having been led to identify discontent as a personal problem, Marlow is unlikely to challenge the power relations which have made his subjectivity possible. His capitulation to normalisation demonstrates a fundamental point linking the otherwise divergent theories of Freud and Foucault, that the creation of agency first requires the subject's subordination.

Teknologin har gjort det lättare att nå ut till länder och regioner över hela världen. Det har resulterat i att media har kunnat lämna det lokala planet och nå ut till en större marknad än någonsin. I den här uppsatsen kommer vi att granska hur mediebolagens produktioner ändras när de når ut till främmande områden för att fungera på den nya marknaden. Uppsatsen tittar också på hur nyhetsbolag bevakar olika händelser beroende på om den utspelar sig på ett lokalt eller globalt plan. Resultatet pekar på att de främsta anpassningarna görs på grund av respekt mot gamla traditioner som religion. Vid nyhetsbevakningen hos mediebolagen är det tydligt att mallar för nyhetsvärdeinger stämmer väl överrens med hur bevakningen görs.

<p>Teknologin har gjort det lättare att nå ut till länder och regioner över hela världen. Det har resulterat i att media har kunnat lämna det lokala planet och nå ut till en större marknad än någonsin. I den här uppsatsen kommer vi att granska hur mediebolagens produktioner ändras när de når ut till främmande områden för att fungera på den nya marknaden.</p><p>Uppsatsen tittar också på hur nyhetsbolag bevakar olika händelser beroende på om den utspelar sig på ett lokalt eller globalt plan.</p><p>Resultatet pekar på att de främsta anpassningarna görs på grund av respekt mot gamla traditioner som religion. Vid nyhetsbevakningen hos mediebolagen är det tydligt att mallar för nyhetsvärdeinger stämmer väl överrens med hur bevakningen görs.</p>

The aim of this essay is to examine how people living in the Swedish countryside looked upon changes in the interiors through modernization in 1850-90. For the first time, there was an abundance of objects available in stores in the countryside that the majority of the population had money buy. Many novelties were introduced in the interior decoration of ordinary peoples´ homes. This study focuses on the introduction and use of wallpaper and is based on a questionnaire about wallpaper sent from the Nordiska museet, National museum of Culture history in Sweden, to people all over Sweden in 1948. 148 people responded to the questions about use and attitudes toward wallpaper during the second half of the 19th century. My theoretical perspective is cultural diffusion, the spread of cultural items, more specific the diffusion of innovations from larger to smaller places, often influenced by social elites, hierarchical diffusion, and between individuals, contagious diffusion. The analytical perspective used for the analysis is based on the concepts of basic and variable modernity, initiated by the historian Sven-Eric Liedman. Basic modernity describes the structural modernization in society as a whole within the fields of economy, technology and natural sciences. The variable modernity represents the different attitudes, likes and dislikes, opinions, viewpoints and cultural differences every individual possesses, the attitudes that decide how and if the modernity is received in each household. My intent has been to ascertain the factors that made production and distribution of relatively cheap wallpaper all over Sweden possible, pinpoint the most important driving forces for creating an interest in wallpaper within the villages, discover how wallpaper was introduced in the individual homes of farmers and how wallpaper was received. The use of wallpaper in the interiors has been examined in order to find out if, and how the modernization affected and was affected by the way people were living their lives within the home.

Universidade Federal do Cearà / nÃo hà / Os frutos minimamente processados vÃm atender a necessidade de consumidores que apreciam produtos com caracterÃsticas sensoriais prÃximas ao in natura, livres de aditivos quÃmicos, prontos para o consumo e com qualidade. No entanto, durante o processamento esses produtos sofrem mudanÃas nas suas caracterÃsticas de qualidade. As pesquisas com biopolÃmeros usados como filmes comestÃveis aplicados aos frutos minimamente processados objetiva melhorar as caracterÃsticas desses produtos durante o armazenamento sem interferir no objetivo alvo do processamento, que à condicionar o mÃnimo de danos ao produto para assemelhar-se aos frutos in natura. Deste modo, o objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um revestimento comestÃvel à base de Goma do Cajueiro e de Carboximetilcelulose (CMC) adicionado de trans-cinamaldeÃdo para a manutenÃÃo das caracterÃsticas de mamÃes da variedade Formosa (Carica Papaia L) minimamente processados e armazenados sob temperatura de refrigeraÃÃo (8 + 20 C) durante 15 dias. Para tanto, adquiriu-se frutos de MamÃo Formosa (Carica Papaia L) na Chapada do Apodi, Limoeiro do Norte â CE, estes foram processados minimamente em cÃmara fria na Embrapa AgroindÃstria Tropical â LaboratÃrio de PÃs-colheita, na etapa de revestimento os frutos denominados como Controle foram imersos em Ãgua mineral, e os frutos denominados como revestidos foram imersos na SoluÃÃo de Goma do Cajueiro e Carboximetilcelulose adicionado de trans-cinamaldeÃdo. Efetuou-se a cada 05 dias (0,5,10 e 15 dias) anÃlises quÃmicas e fÃsico-quÃmicas, anÃlise de compostos bioativos (Vitamina C, flavanÃides, antocianinas totais e carotenoides totais), atividade antioxidante total, polifenÃis solÃveis totais; e anÃlises de enzimas de degradaÃÃo da parede celular (Pectinametilesterase e Poligalacturonase.). Como resultado, observou-se que o revestimento nÃo promoveu mudanÃas nas caracterÃsticas de qualidade observadas, com exceÃÃo da firmeza. Os frutos revestidos tiveram uma reduÃÃo na atividade da Poligalacturonase que atua sobre a rigidez da parede celular. Ocorreu tambÃm uma manutenÃÃo dos compostos antioxidantes, com exceÃÃo do Ãcido ascÃrbico que ao final do armazenamento decresceu quando comparado ao controle. Podemos concluir que o revestimento manteve a vida de prateleira do produto por 10 dias, conservando as caracterÃsticas funcionais e a atividade da Poligalacturonase. / Minimally processed fruits come meet the need of consumers who appreciate products with sensory characteristics close to fresh, free of chemical additives, ready for consumption and quality. However, during the processing of these products undergo changes in quality characteristics. Research on biopolymers used as edible films applied to minimally processed fruits aims to improve the characteristics of the products during storage without interfering with the target goal of processing, which is conditional minimal damage to the product to resemble the fruit in natura. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop an edible coating to the base of the cashew tree gum and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) added trans-cinnamaldehyde to maintain the characteristics of the variety âFormosaâ papaya (Carica papaya L.) minimally processed and stored under temperature cooled (8 + 20  C) for 15 days. To do so, was acquired âFormosaâ papaya fruit (Carica papaya L.) in the Chapada do Apodi, Limoeiro do Norte â CE, these were minimally processed in a cold chamber in Embrapa AgroindÃstria Tropical, in step coating the fruits termed as control were immersed in mineral water and fruit termed as coated were immersed in the solution of cashew gum and carboxymethylcellulose added trans-cinnamaldehyde. It was conducted every 05 days (0,5,10 and 15 days) chemical analysis and physico-chemical analysis of bioactive compounds (vitamin C, flavonoids, anthocyanins and total carotenoids), total antioxidant activity, total soluble polyphenols, and Enzyme analyzes of cell wall degradation (pectin methylesterase and polygalacturonase.). As a result, it was observed that the coating did not cause changes in the observed quality characteristics, except strength. Coated fruits had a reduction in the activity of Polygalacturonase acting on the rigidity of the cell wall. Occurred also maintained the antioxidant compounds, with the exception of ascorbic acid to the end of storage decreased when

Les mycotoxines sont de métabolites secondaires produits par de nombreuses espèces fongiques. Les effets sanitaires induits par l’ingestion de ces substances sont bien documentés et certaines mycotoxines font désormais l’objet de réglementations quant à leurs teneurs maximales tolérables dans les aliments. Cependant, d’autres voies d’exposition à ces contaminants sont possibles. Si l’action irritante ou allergisante liée à l’inhalation de spores fongiques ou de fragments mycéliens a été démontrée, l’inhalation de mycotoxines est aussi suspectée d’induire certains troubles respiratoires ou certaines pathologies. En effet, les mycotoxines peuvent être retrouvées dans les spores mais également sur des particules plus fines facilement aérosolisables et donc susceptible d’être inhalées. Cependant, les données concernant le danger associé à l’exposition humaine aux mycotoxines par inhalation sont encore très parcellaires. Dans ce contexte, nos travaux ont eu comme objectif principal la caractérisation de l’aérosolisation des mycotoxines lors de la colonisation de différents matériaux rencontrés dans les environnements intérieurs par des moisissures toxinogènes. Tout d’abord nous avons étudié la croissance et la production de mycotoxines lors de la colonisation de matériaux de construction (papier peint, toile de verre peinte, papier peint vinyle, sapin) par trois espèces fongiques d’intérêt: Aspergillus versicolor, Penicillium brevicompactum, Stachybotrys chartarum. Ces espèces ont été choisies à cause de leur présence fréquente dans les environnements intérieurs et de leur diversité d’organisation mycélienne. De plus, ces trois espèces produisent des toxines différentes: stérigmatocystine, acide mycophénolique et trichothécènes macrocycliques pour A. versicolor, P. brevicompactum et S. chartarum, respectivement. Ces travaux ont démontré que, pendant leur développement sur les matériaux testés, les trois espèces produisent des mycotoxines. Le matériau le plus favorable au développement fongique et à la toxinogénèse est le papier peint. L'acide mycophénolique, la stérigmatocystine et les trichothécènes macrocycliques peuvent ainsi être produits à des niveaux de 1.8, 112.1 et 27.8 mg/m2, respectivement, sur ce matériau. Ces toxines peuvent ensuite être partiellement aérosolisées. Nous avons montré que l’aérosolisation dépend des espèces et de leur structure mycélienne mais aussi des conditions de culture et du flux d’air. Ce transfert dans l'air est observé après des sollicitations aérauliques qui peuvent être rencontrées facilement dans les environnements intérieurs car elles correspondent au mouvement de personne dans une pièce (0.3 m/s), à la vitesse de l'air dans les diffuseurs de plafond (2 m/s), à des coutants d’air ou des claquements de porte (6 m/s). P. brevicompactum est l’espèce la plus facile à aérosoliser. La majeure partie de la charge toxique des aérosols est retrouvée dans des particules dont la taille correspond à celle de spores ou de fragments de mycélium. Cependant, pour les trichothécènes macrocycliques, des toxines ont également été trouvées sur des particules plus petites que les spores, qui pourraient être facilement inhalées par les habitants et pénétrer profondément dans les voies respiratoires. Afin de mieux caractériser le danger réel associé à l’inhalation de ces composés, des études de cytotoxicité ont été réalisés en utilisant des cellules pulmonaires et en comparant avec les résultats observés sur cellules digestives. La toxicité sur cellules pulmonaires est comparable à celle observée sur cellules digestives. Les trichothécènes macrocycliques sont beaucoup plus toxiques que les autres toxines testées avec des IC50 de l’ordre du ng/ml. Au final, nous avons évalué la persistance de ces contaminants lors de l’application d’eau de javel, procédé de décontamination le plus fréquemment utilisé. Nous avons montré qu’une procédure de nettoyage normale ne permet qu’une élimination partielle des moisissures. / Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by many fungal species. Health effects induced by the ingestion of these substances are well documented and some mycotoxins are now regulated for their maximum tolerable levels in foods. However, other routes of exposure to these contaminants are possible. Thus, if irritating or allergenic reactions related to the inhalation of fungal spores or mycelial fragments have been demonstrated, inhalation of mycotoxins is also suspected to be causing certain respiratory disorders or certain pathologies. Indeed, mycotoxins can be found in spores but also on finer particles which are easily aerosolized and therefore likely to be inhaled. However, data on the hazard associated with human exposure to mycotoxins by inhalation are still very fragmented. In this context, our main objective was to characterize the aerosolization of mycotoxins during the colonization of different materials encountered in indoor environments by toxinogenic molds. First we studied growth and production of mycotoxins during the colonization of building materials (wallpaper, painted fiberglass wallpaper, vinyl wallpaper, fir, fiberglass) by three fungal species of interest: Aspergillus versicolor, Penicillium brevicompactum, Stachybotrys chartarum. These species were chosen because of their frequent presence in indoor environments and their diverse mycelial organization. In addition, these three species produce different toxins: sterigmatocystin, mycophenolic acid and macrocyclic trichothecenes for A. versicolor, P. brevicompactum and S. chartarum, respectively. These studies have shown that, during their development on tested materials, three species produce mycotoxins. The most favorable material for fungal development and toxinogenesis is wallpaper. Mycophenolic acid, sterigmatocystin and macrocyclic trichothecenes can thus be produced at levels of 1.8, 112.1 and 27.8 mg/m2, respectively, on this material. These toxins can then be partially aerosolized. We have shown that aerosolization depends on species and their mycelial structure, but also on culture conditions and airflow. This transfer to air is nevertheless observed after aeraulic solicitations which can be easily encountered in indoor environments because theycorrespond to the movement of people in a room (0.3 m/s), speed of air in ceiling diffusers (2 m/s), slamming doors or air drafts when opening windows(6 m/s). P. brevicompactum showed to be the easiest to aerosolize. The major part of the aerosols’ toxic charge is found in particles whose size corresponds to that of spores or mycelial fragments. However, for macrocyclic trichothecenes, toxins were also found in particles smaller than spores, which could easily be inhaled by occupants and penetrate deep into the respiratory tract. In order to better characterize the actual hazard associated with inhalation of these compounds, cytotoxicity studies have been performed using lung cells and comparing with results observed on digestive cells. Pulmonary toxicity is comparable to that observed in digestive cells. Macrocyclic trichothecenes are much more toxic than other tested toxins with IC50 in order of ng/ml. In parallel, we analyzed the VOCs specifically produced during active mycotoxinogenesis in order to identify potential biomarkers of the actual production of mycotoxins that could be used as tools for monitoring of indoor environments. Unfortunately, this approach has not, for the moment, led to the identification of specific targets. In the end, we evaluated the persistence of these contaminants during application of bleach, the most frequently used decontamination process. We have shown that a normal cleaning procedure allows only partial removal of mold.

This thesis investigates a typology of interiors that evoke the sensation of containing the whole world in miniature. It explores the reverie of something being able to expand as you go deeper; that is, something which seems like it is a complete world, or appears larger than it is. It is about making a space for the mind to rest in, and as it rests, go deeper and thus reach outside of the walls of the space. In a way, it might be about achieving complexity and great depth through small means. The questions that this thesis poses are the following: What kind of spatial reality is being miniaturized? How can something small be large, something flat be deep, somethings imple be complex? How can a whole be greater than its parts? What are the appropriate means of representation for these types of interiors? As a side effect, I think this investigation is ultimately also about the pure joy of creating, and about genuine warmth, empathy, atmosphere, and an inclusive sense of humour, which allows for quirks and flights of fancy.

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