Magister Curationis - MCur / Literature shows that cataracts are the leading cause of blindness globally and nationally. Retinal detachment has also been a substantial problem both globally and nationally. Both of these conditions are prevalent in patients of 50 years and older. The treatment for both conditions is for surgery to be performed. In the Western Cape the three leading hospitals do not have ophthalmic pre-operative and post-operative protocols.Review question:What are the best practices to manage pre-operative and post-operative nursing care in patients waiting for cataract and retinal detachment surgery? bjectives:1. To determine the best practice in pre-operative and post-operative care in patients who have undergone cataract and/or retinal detachment surgery regarding: health education offered by nurses, counselling to prevent psychological effects, and positioning to prevent physical complications. 2. To develop a framework based on systematic reviews for pre-operative and post-operative ophthalmic nursing care in South Africa. Methodology: A systematic review using the guide by the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination was done, and studies were identified by searching various electronic databases and visually scanning reference lists from the relevant studies. Studies that were included were evidence-based. All study types were considered and the studies were selected based on the title and, where available, the abstract. These were then assessed against the inclusion criteria. A narrative synthesis was used. Finally the evidence was summarised and a framework was drawn up, focusing on pre-operative and post-operative nursing care for cataract and retinal detachment surgery

The research focuses on an evaluation of the management practices used in the implementation of HIV/AIDS policies and programmes in the South African Public Service, with specific reference to the Department of Public Enterprises (DPE). It was executed with the following objectives in mind: <ul> <li> identify the initiatives that have been established for managing HIV/AIDS in the South African Public Service and the DPE, including the relevant legislation;</li> <li> identify the challenges with regard to planning, organising, leading and controlling that are experienced by the DPE in managing HIV/AIDS effectively;</li> <li> identify best practices in the management of HIV/AIDS in the South African Public Service; and</li> <li> make recommendations to address the challenges experienced by the DPE.</li></ul> From the review of relevant literature, it has been established that the HIV/AIDS epidemic is growing at an alarming rate in the Southern African region, including South Africa. The impact of the epidemic on the socio-economy of South Africa, as well as the South African Public Service, needs to be properly understood so that appropriate measures can be put in place to address the challenges resulting from the epidemic. The research clearly indicated that resources, both financial and human, as well as leadership commitment are required for the effective implementation of policies and programmes for managing HIV/AIDS. / Dissertation (M.Admin (Public Administration))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / School of Public Management and Administration (SPMA) / unrestricted

A case study of a start-up company was performed. The study analysed the New Product Development Process at the start-up. The start-up under investigation was Zyray Wireless, a start-up in San Diego California. Zyray makes processors for the next generation of mobile phones. The research done with the particular start-up company will identify what the differences are between generally accepted best practise methods and the best practise methods implemented by a particular start-up company. The study will therefore aim to answer the following questions. How does the product development process change over the life cycle of the company? How do the best practise processes implemented in the industry differ from those implemented during the life cycle of the company under investigation. Why does the company implement best practise processes at a specific time in its life cycle and not during other times? What percentage of best practise processes are accepted and implemented by the company, why were they chosen and why were others not. Multiple types of evidence were used including participant observations, documentation and surveys. The survey taken at Zyray was compared with the industry averages. Results were also obtained at three different points in time (Concept/Seed, Product Development and Market phases). By comparing these results with the industry results it was possible to gauge the differences between the industry and Zyray Wireless in general. Zyray Wireless scored above the industry average in the following categories: continuous quality improvement, product success, project success, cycle time improvement, customer involvement questions, project selection, product strategy questions, technological leadership and product goal questions. The best practises for metrics, human resource development, documentation and change control implemented by Zyray Wireless scored at or below the industry average. The best practise results showed that the start-up focused more on strategy and engineering and less on process control. The study revealed the following important points: 1. In the initial phases the start-up’s customers were the venture funds. 2. The project selection process was informal but driven by economic criteria. 3. The company discovered that it had to choose a product strategy early on and then develop the product according to this strategy. 4. Marketing created the design concept but it also influenced the future of the company because it dictated the company’s product strategy. 5. The company followed a technology follower strategy. The technological competency was of such a high standard that a product was developed after very few iterations. 6. The start-up showed that internal documentation was limited but that external documentation to clients and manufacturers had to be of a high standard. 7. The company showed that change control was limited to the engineering function. 8. The start-up showed that over-achieving on goals set by itself and investors was of critical importance. 9. The start-up showed that process control was kept to a minimum and that it could react very quickly to changing situations. 10. The start-up showed that the establishment of a strong team is of critical importance to the success of the company. / Dissertation (MSc Technology Management)--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Graduate School of Technology Management (GSTM) / unrestricted

Doctor of Philosophy / Curriculum and Instruction Programs / F. Todd Goodson / This qualitative case study examined how successful professors who were awarded the Coffman Chair for University Distinguished Teaching Scholars at Kansas State University describe their teaching experiences, philosophies, and best practices in undergraduate teaching and learning. Educators today is concerned about what are the best practices to educate new generation students to survive in a rapidly changing world. Additionally, because most research focus on best practices on the implementation or evaluation of a specific methodology, method, or strategy in one particular course or program, this research addressed the need to investigate the teaching experiences, philosophies, and best practices of outstanding award winner professors in different areas to understand the challenges they face and the ways they handle undergraduate teaching and learning. This qualitative case study was informed by Critical Theory as the theoretical framework, grounded in Constructivism, because critical theory cares about social justice while abandoning obsolete, elitist and antidemocratic features of traditional concepts of education. Eight distinguished teaching scholars, who belong to Psychological Sciences, School of Integrated Studies, Political Sciences, Horticulture and Natural Resources, Modern Languages, English, Physics, and Anthropology and Social Work Departments voluntarily participated in this study. Multiple methods were used to collect data including demographic questionnaires, semi-structured interviews (time line elicitation interviews, formal interviews, and photo elicitation interview), analysis of documents, and journaling. Seven themes emerged from my findings. The first theme identified the influential people and struggles encountered by professors when they were students. The second identified events that led professors in choosing their major, why they became teachers, and their teaching strengths and passions. The third identified the challenges they face when teaching undergraduate students and mentoring support received as professors. The forth identified how participants described themselves as successful professors and the way they organize and balance their academic and personal life. The fifth identified specific educational theories the professors apply in their teaching, the insights of their teaching philosophies, and their thoughts about the importance of education. The sixth identified the way professors decide the curriculum to teach and the way they evaluate their students. Finally, the seventh theme identified the significant work they did as recipients of the Coffman Chair for University Distinguished Teaching Scholar, and their teaching best practices. Recommendations for practice and future research were also addressed. Thus, this study contributes to the understanding of teaching experiences, philosophies, and best practices of successful professors in undergraduate teaching and learning, based on evidence which is the personal experiences of the participants for the benefit of every person involved in education

L'intérêt supérieur de l'enfant est un principe international proclamé à l'article 3-1 de la Convention internationale des droits de l'enfant. L'exercice de l'autorité parentale est dominé par la prise en compte de ce principe.La notion d'intérêt supérieur de l'enfant présente une unité à l'échelle européenne. Contribuent à la préciser des éléments de contenu éclairés par la mise en évidence d'une grille de lecture dégagée à partir de l'analyse de la jurisprudence interne et européenne. En outre, les arrêts de la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme fondent l'émergence d'éléments de caractérisation permanents mais non cumulatifs et parfois s'excluant : le maintien de relations personnelles entre l'enfant et ses père et mère d'une part ; un environnement sain autour de l'enfant, d'autre part. La notion d'intérêt supérieur de l'enfant révèle son autonomie par l'existence de moyens d'appréciation, modalités et modes propres. Cette autonomie se trouve étroitement liée à l'impact qu'offre à la notion sa réception dans les différentes législations européennes. Cette large consécration se trouve confortée par le développement d'un contrôle de conventionnalité révélateur de la véritable nature de l'intérêt supérieur de l'enfant. L'intérêt supérieur de l'enfant constitue désormais une notion clef dans le domaine de l'exercice de l'autorité parentale. Il fonde un nouvel ordre public protecteur de l'enfant à l'échelle européenne. Sa primauté s'impose corrélativement de plus en plus nettement. Surgissent toutefois des conflits entre cet intérêt supérieur et d'autres intérêts ou principes concurrents. In fine, l'unité et l'autonomie de l'intérêt supérieur de l'enfant, désormais notion de droit, devraient asseoir une effective protection de l'enfant en Europe. / The child's highest interest is an international principle that has been announced in the 3-1 article of the International Bureau for Children's' Rights. This principle dominates the exercise of the parental authority.The notion of the child's highest interest is seen as a unit at the European scale. It can be clarified thanks to a key to read that has been highlighted from the French and European jurisprudence and which contains some content elements. Besides the appearance of characterization's elements is based on the Human Rights European Court's judgements. Those elements are permanent, non-cumulative and sometimes they can become mutually exclusive such as the maintenance of individual relations between the child and his parents or a healthy environment around the child. The notion of the child's highest interest is autonomous by judgment resources, modes and own methods. This autonomy is slightly linked to the notion's impact in the different European legislations. This large recognition is strengthened by the increase of a conventionality review that reveals the real nature of the child's highest interest. The child's highest interest is from now on part of a key notion in the area of the parental authority's exercise. It creates a new public order that protects the child at the European scale. Its primacy establishes itself more and more clearly. However, some conflicts between the highest interest and other concerted interests and principles suddenly appear. Ultimately, the unit and autonomy of the child's highest interest, which is from now on a law notion, should base an effective protection of the child in Europe.

The United States (U.S.) Army Yuma Proving Ground (YPG) conducted a series of rotary-wing flight tests for the sole purpose of checking out Telemetry data link instrumentation. Four flights were conducted at YPG in February 2016 that built upon an earlier test flight conducted in June 2015. The most recent iteration of testing examined the benefits of frequency diversity on aircraft and the spatial diversity of receiving sites using existing hardware at YPG. Quantitative analysis from those flight results will be presented and include discussion on how results will affect future mission operations at YPG.

This master thesis is showing the humanitarian logistics as a complex and important part of the humanitarian response. The theoretical part explains the specifics of a humanitarian environment and compares humanitarian and enterprise logistics. A part of the theory is focused on the international humanitarian response of the Czech Republic and its financial aspects. The application part of the thesis analyses each phase of the humanitarian supply chain with practical examples and is followed by instruments of the enterprise logistics that can be applied on humanitarian sector and that help to optimize the humanitarian supply chain and enhance the efficiency of the response in emergencies. The thesis provides the reader with two case studies from the field built on the experience of the logisticians from two international non-governmental organizations and with an assessment of these according to the aforementioned instruments.

Food-borne illness is a significant burden both with regard to public health and financially. Efforts to reduce the level of food-borne illness continue to concentrate on the full food supply chain with particular regard given to Campylobacter, the most commonly reported zoonosis and the greatest burden to public health. The focus of this research is domestic food safety practises, where there is no regulation. Food safety is reliant on people’s knowledge or awareness, their ability to adopt safe food handling practises and for the correct behaviours to achieve this, to be routine. The elicitation of awareness and perceptions with regard to food safety are problematic due to the complexities of human nature, including the presence of several forms of bias, such as social desirability bias and optimistic bias. The research was designed in order to try to minimise such biases, whilst further understanding influences on food safety preparation behaviour. Food safety preparation behaviours and kitchen hygiene were investigated between people who had campylobacteriosis in comparison to people who had not had food poisoning. Whilst no difference was noted in the kitchen hygiene between the two groups, significant differences were noted in self-reported food preparation behaviours. Optimistic bias was exhibited by both groups but when tested again after six months had elapsed, the group who had not had food poisoning increased their optimism, introducing a significant difference in optimistic bias between the two groups. Awareness of a number of unsafe food behaviours was explored for individuals and groups of people using a method developed as part of the research. This method of hazard awareness uses video as a stimulus, creating an interactive survey, combined with attitudinal and demographic data. Changes were made to perceptions of knowledge and risk following the hazard perception challenge, with the number of hazards missed, influencing this movement in perception. The risk perception of unsafe food handling behaviours was examined using a novel technique Best-Worst Scaling, in order to identify relative risks. This technique, in conjunction with latent class modelling, demonstrated a difference in perceptions between food safety experts and members of the general public. However, these differences are nuanced and demonstrate that heterogeneity exists both within and across the groups. Taken together, these findings have extended the research on domestic food safety behaviour and risk perceptions. It has done so by developing and testing novel methods to elicit relative risk perceptions and hazard perception with regard to food safety behaviours. The results provide valuable evidence for stakeholders particularly with regard to the novel methods used in identifying the heterogeneity and influences of food safety behaviour between groups of people. It also provides important tools for stakeholders, risk managers and communicators to use in future research, communication and education.

The ability to make decisions is a crucial ability of many autonomous systems. In many scenarios the consequence of a decision is unknown and often stochastic. The same decision may lead to a different outcome every time it is taken. An agent that can learn to make decisions based purely on its past experience needs less tuning and is likely more robust. An agent must often balance between learning the payoff of actions by exploring, and exploiting the knowledge they currently have. The multi-armed bandit problem exhibits such an exploration-exploitation dilemma. Thompson Sampling is a strategy for the problem, first proposed in 1933. In the last several years there has been renewed interest in it, with the emergence of strong empirical and theoretical justification for its use. This thesis seeks to take advantage of the benefits of Thompson Sampling while applying it to other decision-making models. In doing so we propose different algorithms for these scenarios. Firstly we explore a switching multi-armed bandit problem. In real applications the most appropriate decision to take often changes over time. We show that an agent assuming switching is often robust to many types of changing environment. Secondly we consider the best arm identification problem. Unlike the multi-armed bandit problem, where an agent wants to increase reward over the entire period of decision making, the best arm identification is concerned in increasing the reward gained by a final decision. This thesis argues that both problems can be tackled effectively using Thompson Sampling based approaches and provides empirical evidence to support this claim.

The thesis focuses mainly on OLAP technology and its tools using to analyze corporate data. One of the objectives is to define the analytical tools market and provide an overview which shows the current situation concerning those tools on Business Intelligence (BI) market. Another objective is to obtain an overview of some current and future trends in the BI market. The main purpose of the thesis is to create a "methodology" for solving an BI analytical tasks using analytical services in SQL Server 2008 R2 from Microsoft. To achieve these objectives a theoretical analysis of available resources and, in particular consultation with employees of Clever Decision company is used. The main contribution of this work is the development of analytical database itself, which is divided into separate phases where each phase contains best practices and recommendations, including examples.