Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Nesta dissertação apresentamos uma análise da trajetória de Eusébio de Queirós no período em que ele ocupava o cargo de chefe de polícia da Corte (1833-1844), momento de grande turbulência social no Império, e consolidação das posições do Regresso Conservador. Mostramos como Eusébio de Queirós se precipitou sobre o "vazio" de atribuições que caracterizava a função de chefe de polícia, tornando-se um articulador da administração da justiça na Corte, após assumir a direção de uma Secretaria de Polícia da Corte com uma estrutura precária, em meio às discussões acerca do regime policial estabelecido com a adoção do Código de Processo Criminal de 1832. A ideia de que no compartilhamento da informação entre as autoridades estava a pedra angular da segurança pública foi uma constante na trajetória de Queirós, exemplificados na abordagem dada à Revolta dos Malês (1835) e às Revoltas Liberais de 1842. Esta pesquisa trabalha uma entre as possíveis caracterizações de Eusébio de Queirós, considerando as implicações de ordens biográfica e historiográfica, procurando problematizar por meio de uma trajetória específica aspectos que circundam o processo de construção do Estado nacional no Brasil. / In this thesis we present an analysis of Eusébio de Queirós during in the period in which held the position of the Court police chief (1833-1844), time of great social turmoil in the Empire, and consolidation of the Regresso Conservador positions. We show how Eusébio de Queirós precipitated on the "empty" assignments that characterized the police chief function, becoming a justice administration articulator in Court, after taking the direction of the Court Police Department with poor structure in the midst of discussions about the police regime established after the adoption of the Criminal Procedure Code, 1832. The idea that the sharing of information between authorities was the cornerstone of public safety was a constant in Queirós path, exemplified in the approach given the Revolta dos Malês (1835) and the Revoltas de 1842. This research work one of the possible characterizations of Eusébio de Queiroz, considering the implications of biographical and historiographical orders, looking for questioning by a trajectory specific aspects that surround the process construction of the national state in Brazil.

O objetivo da pesquisa é a análise da instalada e crescente crise do Poder Judiciário no Brasil e da reforma que pretende solucioná-la. Diante do exame perfunctório se verifica que a crise não é somente operacional, ocasionada pelo desaparelhamento do Judiciário, pelo processo, suas excessivas formalidades e por outros motivos apontados pelo meio jurídico. Embora presentes, a principal causa é de ordem institucional, pois trata do exercício de um dos três Poderes de Estado, que já não se apresenta em sintonia com a teoria clássica da separação dos poderes do século XVIII, em face da nova sociedade e da decorrente alteração dos fins do Estado. O Poder Judiciário vem evoluindo no sentido de administrar a Justiça e prestar a jurisdição de forma substancial, com base na concretização da Constituição, especialmente dos Direitos Fundamentais, o que leva, pelo menos aparentemente, a ditar o Direito e imiscuir-se na atividade política, em contradição à teoria clássica da separação dos poderes. De outro lado, nosso sistema de governo presidencialista, com a hegemonia do Poder Executivo, depõe contra a independência do Judiciário ao centralizar a cooptação dos componentes da mais Alta Corte e ingerir na formação dos Tribunais Superiores. Agora com a adoção do controle externo do Poder Judiciário, aumenta a concentração de poderes no Executivo, fazendo frente à pletora de competência que a Constituição atribuiu ao Poder Judiciário. A conclusão é de que a perda é da sociedade, com a subversão do regime democrático. A história dos países mais desenvolvidos está a indicar o caminho do consenso, como sendo o de um novo agenciamento de poderes, adotando-se o sistema parlamentarista e um Tribunal Constitucional independente. / The objective of the research is the analysis of the installed and crescent crisis of the Judicial Power in Brazil and the reform that intend to solve it. In front of the perfunctory we verify that the crisis is not just operational, caused by the lack of apparatus of the Judicial, by the process, its excessive formalities or other reasons pointed by the judicial environment. Although present, the main cause is from institutional order, because it’s about the prosecution of one of the three Powers of the State, which already is not shown in sintony with the classic theory of the separation of the powers from the XVII century, in regard to the new society and the current alteration of the finality of the State. The Judicial Power has been developing in the sense of managing the Justice and render the jurisdiction in a substantional way, based on the realization of the Constitution, specially the Fundamental Rights, that takes us, at least apparently, to dictate the Law and insert itself in the political activity, in contradiction to the classic theory of the separation of the Powers. On the other hand, our presidential government system, with the hegemony of the Executive Power, deposes against the independence of the Judicial centralizing the political choice of the components of the Highest Court and ingests the formation of the Superior Courts. Now with the adoption of the external control of the Judicial Power, raises the concentration of the powers in the Executive, initiating the exuberance of competence that the Constitution attributed to the Judicial Power. The conclusion is that the lost is of the society, with the subversion of the democratic regime. The history of the well developed countries is pointing the way of consensus, as been the way of a new placement of the powers, adopting the parliamentary system and a independent Constitutional Court.

Orientador: Carlos Eduardo Ornelas Berriel / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T05:56:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Malavolta_MariliaGabriela_M.pdf: 4534104 bytes, checksum: a75c53f2eb43d223c3fbcf4a5bcc9fec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: A obra de Baldassare Castiglione, Il Libro del Cortegiano, é composta por diálogos que têm como finalidade a construção, com palavras, daquele que, tendo cumprido uma série de preceitos, poderia ser tido como um perfeito homem de corte. Este assunto principal (o objetivo da obra) é levado a cabo a partir de uma série de outros assuntos, como, para citar apenas alguns: a questão da língua italiana, a arte, o merecimento individual contraposto à nobreza de nascimento, a verdadeira função da cortesania, amizade versus adulação, a importância da primeira impressão bem como da opinião universal, os vícios, as virtudes e a fortuna. A obra é composta, igualmente, por referências (anunciadas e não anunciadas) ao que ilustres antigos (como Platão, Aristóteles, Xenofonte, Cícero, Ovídio, Horácio, Sêneca ou Quintiliano) já haviam pensado sobre tal matéria - a perfeição - ou sobre outras que, para o pleno desempenho do gentil-homem, serão essenciais: a graça, a medida ou decoro, a sprezzatura e a dissimulação. O domínio destas fontes clássicas constitui um dos aspectos do refinamento cortês (e, dado ser a Corte o cenário do Cortegiano, as citadas referências ajudam a compor a exemplaridade da obra em si). Com efeito, manter uma atitude sprezzata ("desenvolta") é manter uma atitude elegante. De forma ligeiramente menos completa, manter uma atitude dissimulada deve consistir em uma eventual necessidade de ocultamento com fins valorosos, como orientar o Príncipe e manter preservado o clima cordial e refinado da Corte. Em tempo, dissimular significa enganar, ocultar algo, mentir, fingir; sprezzatura, por sua vez, implica engano, ocultamento, mentira, fingimento SEM a aplicação visível de esforço. Uma e outra são valorosas se atreladas ao conhecimento: conhecimento de si próprio, das circunstâncias, das Humanidades / Abstract: The book II Libro dei Cortegiano, by Baldassare Castiglione, presents, in the form of dialogues, the precepts that a man should achieve in order to become a perfect courtier. This main subject (the purpose of the work) is carried out by a series of other subjects, such as, too name a few: the issue of the italian language, the art, the individual merit against the nobleness birth, the real function of the courtliness, friendship versus adulation, the importance of first impression and of universal opinion, the addictions, the virtues and the fortune. The work is composed, equally, by references (announced and not announced) of what ancient illustriuos (such as Plato, Aristotle, Xenophon, Cicero, Ovidio, Horatio, Seneca, Quintilian) had already thought about this matter - perfection - or about others that, for the total fulfillment of the nobleman will be essential: grace, measure or decorum, sprezzatura and dissimulation. The domain of this classical sources constitute one of the aspects of the courteous refinement (and, beeing the Court the scenario of the Cortegiano, the cited references help composing the exemplicity of the work in itself). In fact, maintaining a sprezzata attitude is maintaining an elegant attitude. In a little less complete form, to maintain a dissimulated attitude must consist in a occasional need of concealment with valuable ends, such as orientate the Prince and sustain preserved the cordial and refined climate of the Court. In time, to dissimulate means to deceive, hide something, lie, pretend; sprezzatura, in the meantime, implies deceit, concealment, lie, pretense WITHOUT a visible application of effort. One and another are valuable if harnessed to knowledge: knowledge of yourself, of the circumstances, of Humanities / Mestrado / Mestre em Teoria e História Literária

Submitted by Gisely Teixeira (gisely.teixeira@uniceub.br) on 2016-11-29T17:46:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 60000221.pdf: 2396470 bytes, checksum: e1d54122d12a98684cd9d874a995028f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rayanne Silva (rayanne.silva@uniceub.br) on 2016-12-12T22:59:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 60000221.pdf: 2396470 bytes, checksum: e1d54122d12a98684cd9d874a995028f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-12T22:59:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 60000221.pdf: 2396470 bytes, checksum: e1d54122d12a98684cd9d874a995028f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / O Tribunal Penal Internacional realiza uma antiga aspiração da comunidade internacional por uma justiça internacional independente e imparcial, com a competência de responsabilizar criminalmente os indivíduos responsáveis pelas violações mais graves dos direitos humanos. Desde a ratificação do seu Estatuto pelo Brasil, em 20 de junho de 2002, surgiram inúmeras críticas quanto à sua compatibilidade com a Constituição brasileira. Neste trabalho, são apresentados os antecedentes filosóficos, históricos e as dificuldades de implementação do Tribunal bem como as suas principais características, como composição, os crimes de sua competência e as penalidades aplicáveis, avaliando item a item a sua constitucionalidade.

Seguindo a tendência de incorporar novas tecnologias nos processos de controle, fiscalização e auditoria, um sistema que tem ganhado relevância na atualidade é a Auditoria Contínua (AC). Esta tecnologia possibilita um controle sistemático, prévio e concomitante a ocorrência do fato, baseada fortemente em tecnologia de informação, capaz de fornecer uma garantia contínua sobre a qualidade e credibilidade das informações apresentadas de forma abrangente. No entanto, a implantação deste sistema de auditoria, por envolver aspectos comportamentais e tecnológicos complexos, tem sido objeto de diversas pesquisas ao redor do mundo. Entretanto, apesar da grande gama de pesquisas relacionada ao setor privado, pouco se tem estudado sobre o tema no setor público, sobretudo no contexto brasileiro. Na presente pesquisa, são examinados os fatores que afetam a decisão de um auditor em aceitar a AC, incluindo quatro fatores contextuais a nível institucional (Expectativa de Desempenho, Expectativa de Esforço, Influência Social e Condições Facilitadoras) e quatro características individuais (gênero, idade, experiência e voluntariedade de uso), sob a ótica da Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology - UTAUT, concebida por Venkatesh et al. (2003).A latência exagerada entre os atos administrativos e, se for o caso, a responsabilização do gestor público pelos desvios de conduta cometidos, decorre do fato de que os períodos de accountability serem retroativos, apesar de, em alguns casos, a auditoria se dar em lapsos temporais menores. Mas, se os sistemas do governo computam as informações em tempo real, que sentido teria auditar essas informações em ciclos amplos de tempo? Por que não fazê-las em tempo real?Assim, emerge o desafio de adoção de novos instrumentos de controle da gestão pública, como a AC. Vale ressaltar que a complexidade deste assunto é aumentada pelo fato de que dois aspectos estão interligados neste processo de uso de novas tecnologias. Em primeiro lugar é necessário compreender a intenção comportamental, ou seja, a aceitação destas novas tecnológicas (antecedentes - foco desta pesquisa) e, num segundo momento, até que ponto essa aceitação resultará em efetivo uso (atitude) destas tecnologias (consequentes). Os resultados indicam que os auditores do TCESP acreditam que a adoção da AC será facilitada pela percepção de utilidade do sistema e pelos ganhos de produtividade no trabalho. Ainda, que o seu esforço associado ao uso da tecnologia será favorável, portanto, aumentando sua intenção de uso da AC. Contrariando os resultados de pesquisas realizadas em organizações privadas, os resultados desta pesquisa sugerem que a Influência Socialnão é fator discriminante para os auditores aumentarem ou diminuírem sua intenção de usar a AC. Os resultados indicam ainda que, percepções positivas de Condições Facilitadoras aumentam a intenção dos auditores de usarem a tecnologia de AC, mas que essa percepção positiva em relação às Condições Facilitadoras não diminui sua Expectativa de Esforço. / Following the trend of incorporating new technologies in the processes of control, inspection and auditing, one system that has gained relevance at the present time is Continuous Audit (CA). This technology enables a systematic, prior and concomitant control of the occurrence of the event, based heavily on information technology, capable of providing a continuous guarantee on the quality and credibility of the information presented comprehensively. However, the implementation of this audit system, since it involves complex behavioral and technological aspects, has been the object of several surveys around the world. However, despite the wide range of research related to the private sector, little has been studied on the subject in the public sector, especially in the Brazilian context. In the present research, we examine the factors affecting an auditor\'s decision to accept CA, including four contextual factors at the institutional level (Performance Expectation, Expectation of Effort, Social Influence and Facilitating Conditions) and four individual characteristics (gender, age, experience and willingness to use), from the perspective of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), designed by Venkatesh et al. (2003). The exaggerated latency between the administrative acts and, if necessary, the accountability of the public manager for the misconduct committed stems from the fact that the periods of accountability are retroactive, although in some cases, the audit takes place in lapses time. But if government systems compute information in real time, what sense would it have to audit that information over long cycles of time? Why not do them in real time? Thus, the challenge of adopting new instruments of public management control, such as CA, emerges. It is worth emphasizing that the complexity of this subject is increased by the fact that two aspects are interconnected in this process of use of new technologies. First, it is necessary to understand the behavioral intention, that is, the acceptance of these new technologies (background - focus of this research) and, secondly, to what extent this acceptance will result in effective use (attitude) of these (consequent) technologies. The results indicate that the TCESP auditors believe that the adoption of CA will be facilitated by the perception of utility of the system and productivity gains at work. Also, that your effort associated with the use of technology will be favorable, therefore, increasing your intention to use the CA. Contrary to the results of research conducted in private organizations, the results of this research suggest that Social Influence is not a discriminating factor for auditors to increase or decrease their intention to use CA. The results also indicate that positive perceptions of Facilitating Conditions increase auditors\' intention to use CA technology, but that this positive perception of Facilitating Conditions does not diminish their Expectation of Effort

This master's thesis deals with the civil action. A civil action denotes a pleading of the plaintiff to initiate a civil procedure. It represents a fundamental act based on the disposition principle of the party seeking protection of their private rights that they claim to be endangered or violated before a court of law. Thus, a civil action is a manifestation of the right to legal protection and in connection to that right, the obligation of the state is to ensure that all parties can enforce their rights in a stipulated way of actions before an independent and unbiased court of law. This master's thesis is divided in the following seven chapters: historical development, civil procedure, rules of civil procedures, actions, types of actions, disposition principles with complaints and the types of demanded outcomes of the plaintiffs. The contents of the first chapter are the historical development of civil actions. The chapter is divided into two parts. The first part is devoted to the Roman action, where the character and form of the action in Roman law are described and further the single types of actions that the Roman law had are outlined. The second part deals with the historical development of actions in the Czech lands, i.e. from the ancient times, through the period of absolutism until today....

The thesis deals with the decision-making practices of the Czech Constitutional Court in matters of taxation. The first chapter serves as an introduction to the topic of taxes and their different types, pays attention to the distinction between taxes, fees and other similar payments, and outlines the constitutional foundations on which taxes in broader sense may be imposed. The following section discusses the role of the Constitutional Court, mentions the types of court proceedings related to the field of taxation, and distinguishes between the court review of questions with constitutional law relevance, which the Constitutional Court examines, and of matters of ordinary law without such relevance, which are left to the general courts. The importance of the decision-making agenda of the Constitutional Court and the binding nature of its decisions for different groups of subjects and in different type situations is outlined. The third section then proceeds to analyze the important constitutional principles that are common for the field of tax law, namely the prohibition of genuine ex post facto legislation, and conversely the general permissibility of perceived retroaction, the principle of imposing taxes solely on the basis of law, and the use of the in dubio mitius principle, which is a...

Doctor Legum - LLD / The main contributor of situations before the International Criminal Court (hereinafter ICC) has been state parties that have referred situations on their own territory to the ICC through “self-referral”. This study examines the concept of self-referral tracing the history of voluntary deferral by states of their jurisdiction over international crimes up to the enactment of the Rome Statute. The study finds that states were historically reluctant to have international crimes committed on their territory handled by other bodies or states. The self-referrals under the ICC regime are therefore a novelty in international criminal law. The legality of the act of self-referral under the Rome Statute is also examined and it is concluded that self-referrals are provided for within the Statute, although their legality has been questioned. The study establishes that self-referrals have seen unprecedented cooperation by territorial states but have also been selective in nature, targeting only non-state actors (rebel groups) .The study further compares the ICC’s handling of two other situations (Kenya and Darfur) which were triggered by antagonistic proprio motu and UN Security Council referrals respectively. The ultimate collapse of cases arising out of the Kenyan situation plus the suspension of investigations in Darfur due to non-cooperation is significant when compared with the relative successes registered with self-referred situations. The study concludes that whereas self-referrals may involve concessions to the territorial state like non-prosecution of state actors, this is a necessary evil to ensure successful investigations and prosecutions of international crimes. I recommend at the end of the study that in order to shield the office of the ICC Prosecutor from the diplomacy, dirty international politics and compromises at play in securing referrals as well as cooperation during the entire prosecution process, there should be a separate organ of the ICC handling investigations and interactions with states.

65 Summary This thesis describes legal literacy, importance of its development especially among young people and moot courts and mock trials as a method of its development. Legal literacy is important social topic, which is not sufficiently covered by academic literature. This thesis endeavours to describe the importance of legal literacy for individuals as well as for whole society using available sources. Particular consideration is given to legal literacy of young people, who have the opportunity to influence the society in long term perspective. Legal literacy development of young people can be realized by performing moot court or mock trial. These interactive teaching methods allow students to actively participate on their education. This increases students' interest in subject matter. This thesis analyzes these methods and determines that these are effective methods of legal literacy development. This is based on both theoretical and empirical research. Empirical data were acquired by questionnaire survey realized among 240 high school students, who attended moot court or mock trial organised within Street Law programme at Law Faculty of Charles University in 2016 or 2017. Keywords legal literacy, moot court, mock trial Thesis title Legal literacy of high school students and its development via moot...

LL.M. (International Law) / This thesis is based on the jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice viz a viz the South African law and practices as it relates to diplomatic protection of nationals or corporate entities who encounter problem with the law in a foreign country. How the concept of diplomatic protection has assisted individuals and corporate entities who wish to go to a foreign country for whatever reason to feel free and relaxed knowing that their lives and property are protected. The expose examines the rights of individuals to diplomatic protection in international law in comparison with the rights of nationals to request for diplomatic protection in South Africa. The questions posed are; what is the liability of the state to its nationals, what level of responsibility is to be exhibited by the state when providing diplomatic protection and do such nationals have a right to demand to be protected in international law and or municipal law. Chapter one will examine the growth and historical development of diplomatic protection and the position as it is today. Chapter two will deal with nationality issues, this is because to determine who will be the beneficiary of diplomatic protection nationality must first be determined. The issues to be discussed in this chapter are: acquisition of nationality, double or multiple nationalities, continuity of nationality, loss of nationality, nationality of a Corporation and its shareholders, stateless persons and refugees, and the right to diplomatic protection. In answering the question of state responsibility, chapter three will examine the local remedy rules. This is because local remedies will have to be exhausted before the state can intervene. Chapter four will examine the treatment of alien which include expulsion of alien, expropriation of foreign property, and consular protection. Various attempts have been made to define Diplomatic protection, but there has not been a generally accepted definition. Some of these definitions are highlighted below. A description is also provided below to help with the understanding and scope of diplomatic protection.