FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / Investigamos como os moradores de Fortaleza se relacionavam com os âcaminhos da Ãguaâ na cidade. Atentando para as diferentes construÃÃes dos espaÃos e usos da Ãgua doce, elaboramos uma reflexÃo em que a existÃncia de riachos, aÃudes, lagoas, olhos dâÃgua, poÃos e cacimbas estava ligada aos gestos e sentimentos de indivÃduos que praticaram â e assim instituÃram â esses espaÃos. Livros de reminiscÃncias, romances, crÃnicas, periÃdicos, plantas cartogrÃficas, relatÃrios oficiais, cartas e censos demogrÃficos foram utilizados para compreender os sentidos atribuÃdos à Ãgua e Ãs aguadas. Tomou-se como balizas temporais o perÃodo compreendido entre a contrataÃÃo do engenheiro Adolpho Herbster (1856) â marco para as obras pÃblicas na cidade â e a inauguraÃÃo do sistema de abastecimento de Ãgua encanada do AÃude Acarape do Meio (1926) â por proporcionar um fornecimento de Ãgua que, mesmo nÃo contemplando a maioria da populaÃÃo, oportunizou uma nova relaÃÃo com o lÃquido.

No movimento da Cidade, onde circulam sujeito e palavra, procuramos construir os sentidos do dizer do idoso a respeito da televisão. Em nossa posição deslocada, a escuta discursiva permite \'contemplar\'o processo de produção do dizer em suas condições. Assim, esta pesquisa sem começo absoluto nem final definitivo, aponta caminhos possíveis. O que percorremos está no desafio de situar a Comunicação no campo transdisciplinar. Nele, com o apoio em princípios e procedimentos da Análise de Discurso da Escola Francesa, buscamos compreender as diferentes vozes como prática transformadora. / In the movement of the City, where circulate subject and word, we tried to build the senses of the senior\'s saying regarding television. In our moved position, the discursive listening allows to \'contemplate\" the process of production of the saying in its conditions. So, this research, without absolute beginnong non definitive final, points out possible roads. The one that we traveled is in the challenge of placing the Communication in the transdisciplinary field. In it, whit the support of principais and procedures of the Analysis of Speech of the French School, we try to understand the different voices as a practice transformer.

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I take inspiration from ordinary objects and materials. Through photography, I attempt to transcend the familiar to discover complexity within the bits and pieces of my everyday life. Like other artistic representations, a photograph is a singular portrayal, not an actualization of physical reality. My artistic exploration of this involves incorporating elements of abstraction to point to the truth that all photographs are, by nature, an abstraction of our physical reality based on perspective. The resulting images often share a quality of impermanence, counterbalanced by the act of making a photographic document. By evoking this temporal quality of photography and abstracting familiar materials and surfaces, I aim to create a playful tension in my imagery.

<p>People are creators of their own acts. That is a premise of this thesis. Social contexts offer action alternatives but given their individuality people, to various extents, put the set of alternatives into question, re-shape them and make them into theirs. What people do in their everyday life has political significance. The theories that frame this work focus on how people reappropriate culture and in so doing bring forth infinitesimal changes in society.</p><p>I have interviewed seven young women in Beirut who take action to get to do what they desire. Given their social conditions and individuality they find different ways around the prohibitions that they are facing. Organized independently and within networks of foremost relatives they find their ways. They negotiate with family and community, make allies and create paths to 'forbidden' spaces. They seize opportunities and increase their space for a day, night or occasion. Then they accord their life to the surrounding's restrictions – until opportunity strikes again. The women also create an imaginary space where they are ruling queens. From there they tell the surrounding to shut up and fuck off, in there they hope, smile and fall in love.</p><p>The thesis then goes on to discuss the socio-political effects of young women's spacing practices. When the women do what they desire they enter, what they claim are, forbidden spaces. Their entry appears to be a threatening force; it diminishes gaps between the 'allowed' and the 'unacceptable' and between the 'good' and 'bad' girl- and womanhood. These practices, sprung from the daily life, challenge the surrounding and young women's spacing is thereby a micro-political phenomenon with subversive potential.</p>

Despite widespread health promotion and nutrition education efforts, gaps between official healthy eating messages and people’s actual eating practices persist. There is increasing recognition that emphasizing individual responsibility for eating may have limited applicability in improving people’s health. Many experts advocate that future research on healthy eating should involve exploration of how food practices are shaped by social structures (or determinants) and individual agency. The purpose of this study was to explore the ways in which people engage with food structures to construct everyday notions of healthy eating. ‘Food structures’ draws on the concept of ‘structure,’ described by the social theorist Anthony Giddens, to refer to the range of food rules and resources people draw on. The research was conducted as part of a qualitative study on family food decision-making that included 144 participants from 13 African Nova Scotian, 10 European Nova Scotian, 12 Punjabi British Columbian and 11 European British Columbian families. These groups were chosen for their potential differences in perspectives based on place, ethnocultural background and histories of immigration to Canada. Data collection consisted of individual interviews with three or more family members aged 13 and older, and, with each family, observation of a grocery shopping trip and a family meal. Analysis followed common qualitative procedures including coding, memoing and thematic analysis. Together, the analyses support views that the gaps between official healthy eating messages and people’s eating practices may not be closed by further education about how to eat. Drawing on the theoretical concepts of Anthony Giddens and Michael Foucault, the findings suggest that one way to understand why people eat the way they do and how changes in eating habits occur is to think about the constant exposure to change through everyday, taken-for-granted practices. The findings also suggest that further healthy eating discourses may require more reflection with respect to the roles of nutrition educators and the social roles/autonomy of people in goals for health and well-being. Dietary goals for the population cannot be considered as isolated scientific objectives without taking into consideration how healthy eating discourses provide social standards beyond messages about healthy eating.

Perceptually-seductive technology (PST) is introduced as a way of designing IT environments that can help support everyday creativity. This is done in part by using sensory stimulation, seclusion and other perceptual components to seduce an individual towards creative insights that would not occur on the basis of conceptual thought alone. Everyday creativity is characterised as the combination of novel solutions in addressing everyday problems, and learning, indicating endurance over time. Everyday creativity is sometimes referred to as personal creativity, since it concerns what is novel to an individual, not to society as a whole. As in exceptional or historical creativity, in everyday creativity the novelty arises from the individual concerned, not from outside. Literature reviews of learning and memory, emotion and creativity set the scene and provide the basis for introducing PST. The relation of the individual to the technology, and with the world through the technology, is also considered. A model of the design space for PST is proposed and related to a proposed view of the creative process. It is suggested that to stimulate and support the creative process, IT environments should encourage both presence (perceptual or experiential mental activity) and absence (conceptual or reflective mental activity), which are seen as end points of a continuum comprising the Focus dimension. Similarly, the importance of both conscious and unconscious activity (the Sensus dimension) is emphasised, as is the role of emotion in mediating the balance between the two. The Locus dimension refers to the real-virtual distinction. In PST, virtual realisations are used to represent real world things and events and in so doing support the memorisation and reflection that are essential to everyday creativity. Four different examples of designing and implementing PST are presented. The first is a media production within a novel environment called the Interactive Tent, and is a demonstration and validation of theoretical ideas behind the PST concept. Three educational PST environments and their formative evaluations are then presented. These are first steps towards designing PST for particular kinds of application, in this case as environments for memorisation. Taken together, these examples lead to design recommendations and suggestions for future work, including the application of PST in education, stress management and for the elderly and disabled. / digitalisering@umu

During the last decades, immigration to Sweden has increased. As a result of this, a larger number of individuals are growing up with two languages. This means that the field of bilingualism has emerged as topic of relevance in Sociology, as well as other disciplines of Social Sciences. Bilingualism has been studied from different perspectives in Linguistics. However, in Sociology, focus has been mostly on the questions of integration, culture and ethnicity, where language has been seen as one of many aspects. I argue that bilingualism is an important social phenomenon in its own right, since it shapes the everyday lives of bilingual individuals and changes the landscape of our society. Using Grounded Theory, bilingualism in the everyday life is analyzed and explored, using material from qualitative interviews with ten individuals who have grown up with Swedish and one other language. It is here suggested that bilingualism in the everyday life can be understood as a process of handling ambivalence. This process takes place between the social context and the self and is influenced by and influences them both. A central part of this process is bilingualism seen simultaneously as tension and as resource.

‘What was I thinking ?!?’ – No matter age, intelligence or social status, we all experience moments like these. Perhaps it is walking into a room and forgetting what you went there to do or maybe failing to add sugar to your coffee due to an interruption. Regardless, even though many of our daily activities are accomplished through routines that require very little conscious effort, errors of attention or slips of action do occur. This collection of studies was designed with three main questions in mind: 1) can action slips be induced in a laboratory-based task (Slip Induction Task; SIT), 2) how well do currently established theories of action slips explain the errors that are induced within the SIT, and 3) what insight can be gained about preventing such errors? The first experiment was developed to replicate previous findings regarding the effectiveness of the SIT, as well as to determine the extent to which SIT performance correlates with other measures of attention failure. The study discussed in Chapter 3 expands on those results by investigating the effects of healthy aging on slip induction and finds that while older adults were better able to avoid action slips, they appear to sacrifice speed for accurate performance. The goal of the subsequent study was to determine whether young adult participants would also enjoy increased accuracy if they completed the task at a slower pace. Finally, the study discussed in Chapter 5 looks at whether changing the goal of the SIT would alter participants’ ability to inhibit unexpected cue information.

In recent years, the men's fashion magazine has become a new media genre that attracts lots of attention. The sales, advertisements, and publications of the men's fashion magazine have reached a remarkable performance. Most important of all, men's fashion magazines not only provide the male readers with content about appearance beauty but also mold the male readers into a new kind of masculinity called ¡¥New Man¡¦. The ¡¥New Man¡¦ masculinity means that men can feel more comfortable to take some gender practices to improve their appearance beauty, such as putting on make-up, applying skincare products and so on. Researches about men's fashion magazine in Taiwan mostly focus on market performance, and the notion and practice of male readers are ignored. This present study drawn on the audience in everyday life theory, also employed the masculinity theory based on the sociologist R. W. Connell and the view of fluid identity (multiple subjectivities) based on the poststructuralist feminists. This study applied a methodology of qualitative in-depth interview with 6 male participants, tried to find the relation between men¡¦s fashion magazine and everyday gender practices of the readers. The study found that when the male readers interpret the ¡¥New Man¡¦ image in the men's fashion magazine, they do negotiate the mainstream masculinity discourse in their everyday life. Their negotiation involves their unequal investment in multiple subjectivities in everyday life. The study also found that men's fashion magazine is a text that can mediate the masculinity discourse, so the everyday gender practices of readers regarding the magazine text are their negotiation of masculinity as well. The male readers read men's fashion magazine and take ¡¥New Man¡¦ gender practices (ex. applying skincare products, putting on make-up, and taking care of figure) to create their own unique masculinity which exclude from femininity. In conclusion, the new version masculinity (New Man) does overlap the old one (mainstream or traditional masculinity), which not only shows the diversity of masculinity but also provide the male readers with some space to exert their agency and negotiate the meaning of ¡¥what it means to be a male¡¦.