O tema deste estudo refere-se à análise da flexibilização da jornada de trabalho no âmbito da relação de emprego, sua importância no atual cenário de atividades profissionais cada dia menos tradicionais e, por fim, os limites a serem impostos à flexibilização. A pesquisa tem também como objetivo conceituar o mecanismo de flexibilização do Direito do Trabalho, bem como fixar os limites mínimos de proteção ao trabalhador, diante das tão velozes mudanças oriundas das novas tecnologias de produção. A presente pesquisa visa desmistificar a argumentação de que o entrave ao pleno desenvolvimento econômico e social de um país está nas amplas proteções dadas ao trabalhador, vindo estas a sofrerem sérios e constantes golpes em suas estruturas, sob o rótulo de flexibilização, mas que, na verdade, correspondem à própria desregulamentação do Direito do Trabalho e mitigação de seus princípios basilares. Com o aprofundamento da pesquisa em relação à flexibilização da jornada de trabalho na relação de emprego, conclui-se que esta deve ser pautada não apenas pelas demandas do mercado de trabalho, mas também pelo fundamento da dignidade da pessoa humana do trabalhador e pelo princípio protetor do Direito do Trabalho. Por fim, se concluirá que o alcance de maior competitividade, bem como o aumento dos postos de trabalho, não podem simplesmente ser conquistados por meio da flexibilização da jornada de trabalho. O desemprego também deve ser combatido por meio da implementação de políticas públicas, ou seja, com mecanismos hábeis a equilibrar os interesses entre empregadores e empregados, com a finalidade de se evitar a mitigação de direitos indisponíveis do trabalhador. / The subject matter of this study concerns the analysis of the flexibilization of the working hours within the ambit of labor relationship, the importance thereof in the current professional activities scenario, which becomes increasingly less traditional and, finally, the limits to be imposed to said flexibilization. The research has also the purpose of conceptualizing the mechanism consisting in the flexibilization of the Labor Law, as well as setting minimum limits to employees protection, in view of the rapid changes brought by the new production technologies. This present paper is aimed at demystifying the thesis that the obstacle to a countrys economic and social growth lies in the ample protections offered to employees, which end up undergoing serious and constant setbacks on their structures, under the flexibilization label, but which in fact correspond to the very deregulation of Labor Law and the mitigation of its fundamental principles. As one deepens the research on the flexibilization of working hours within the scope of labor relationship, one concludes that it should be based not only on the labor market demands, but also on the dignity of the employee and the principles safeguarding Labor Law. Finally, one shall conclude that improved competitiveness and increased labor opportunities are accomplished not simply through the flexibilization of working hours. Unemployment should also be fought by implementation of public policies, that is, through suitable mechanisms that enable balancing the interests of both employers and employees, in order to prevent the inalienable rights of the employees from being undermined.

Orientador: Ivanir Cozeniosque Silva / Acompanha 15 gravuras em metal, aquarela, tempera e trechos literarios escritos sobre imagens, coloridas e em preto em branco, acondicionadas em caixa / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / O exemplar da BCCL contém os documentos originais / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T11:22:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Garcia_ClaudioLuiz_M.pdf: 769827 bytes, checksum: bbd05ce9879f6a0b54c7844533682a57 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: A dissertação trata de uma exposição dos trabalhos práticos, de um memorial justificativo sobre o processo de criação de meus Livros de Horas. A exposição é uma instalação de uma pequena biblioteca, denominada de ¿GABINETE real DE LEITURA¿, onde o visitante poderá ler os livros que desejar. Os livros são encadernações artesanais, e tratam dos seguintes assuntos: linguagem híbrida, gravura em metal, aquarela, têmpera e de trechos literários escritos sobre as imagens / Abstract: The dissertation is about the exhibition, the description memorial and justifiable of the creation process of the litle library, with the name ¿CABINET real OF READING: books of hours¿, the visiting could to read anybooks. The books are craft binding, and is about: hybrid lunguage, to make of image of engraving, watercolour, pieces of literary text writing upon the images / Mestrado / Artes Visuais / Mestre em Artes

- Working hours, their duration and work schedule This thesis introduces an overview of the current regulation of working hours and related institutes. It is focused on the particular options how to regulate working hours duration and working hours schedule, as well as on legal limits and restrictions. Working hours are crucial not merely for employers, but also for employees. For employees working hours also determine their leisure time. Therefore, this thesis is focused also on work-life balance with suitable work hours schedule. The thesis is divided into four parts. The first part outlines the most important historical development of working hours regulation from medieval rules to the current regulation and its position in the current legal order, which is essential to correct grasp of subsequent parts. In the second, principal part of the thesis, are analysed particular concepts of working hours regulation, there is also an overview of related judicature which defines working hours, working hours duration and possibilities of scheduling. This part also includes a description of minimal rest periods, rest breaks, night work and on-call duty. The third part aims to introduce the special rules for two specific groups of employees. The first are teachers, trainers, and other teaching stuff, and...

Pollution, extreme weather, and global warming have become increasingly important in today’s society. This dissertation examines these topics in three chapters, analyzing the effects of pollution and environmental factors on human behavior. The first chapter uses a dataset of unique daily crimes in the U.S. to unveil the relationship between weather/pollution and the crime rate for seven major U.S. cities. The results reveal that temperature significantly affects both violent and property crime rates. The rate of violent crime is lower on extreme and unpleasant weather days (i.e., when the temperature is above 99°F) in comparison to good or unremarkable days. There is little evidence on how air pollution affects the crime rate by using fine particulates (PM2.5) and coarse particulates (PM10). However, pollution does have an effect on crime if the area of analysis is located closer to an operated toxic release facility. The second chapter examines how weekly hours worked by individuals vary with respect to snowfall in 265 metropolitan areas (about 75% of the US workforce) over the years 2004-2014. The results reveal that working hours are significantly affected by snow events, with magnitudes varying by types of workers, types of employment (class of worker, occupation, and industry), and regions. Overall, each average daily inch of snowfall, during a Current Population Survey (CPS) monthly reference week, reduces working hours by about 1 hour. Snow storms reduce weekly hours worked considerably more among construction workers and in the South than elsewhere in the U.S.. We find little evidence that hours lost from large snowfalls are “made-up” in subsequent weeks. The third chapter investigates whether housing age, which has been missing in the conventional environmental justice literature, has an impact on the distribution of households in a pollution area. Income and race were believed to be predominant factors that affect the location choices of individuals. By controlling for this additional housing age variable in the conventional model, I examine which factor, income or race, is affected most. The results indicate that older houses are located closer to pollution sites. Additionally, once I control for the housing age, the marginal effect of income declines significantly, approximately by 50%. The effect on race was insignificant in empirical analysis.

Most studies on unions have concentrated on examining the union impact on wages. This thesis, in two essays, examines the union impact on wages, hours, earnings and employment, particularly focussing on the union impact on hours of work. The first essay summarizes previous theoretical union models which normally assume fixed hours of work and extends them so that hours as well as wages and employment can be determined by collective bargaining. Three kinds of union models are employed to examine union impacts on hours as well as union impacts on wages and employment: the monopoly union model (Oswald [1982]), the right to manage model (Nickell [1981]; Nickell and Andrews [1983]) and the efficient contracts model (McDonald and Solow [1980]). The predicted union impact on hours and employment is found to be ambiguous while the union impact on wages is found to be positive. The second essay is concerned with estimating union-nonunion wage, hours and earn ings differentials. Using the 1990 Labour Market Activity Survey, this essay finds that (1) union-nonunion hours differentials are ambiguous for males, but they are positive for females, (2) employers in the union sector extract more hours from more able workers and this contributes greatly to the positive union-nonunion hours differential and (3) union-nonunion hours differentials are smaller for males than for females and as a result, union-nonunion earnings differentials are larger for females than for males. / Arts, Faculty of / Vancouver School of Economics / Graduate

Orientador: José Dari Krein / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-28T00:48:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rao_EduardoMartins_M.pdf: 2509306 bytes, checksum: ab97b12d4dcae507b76a46330529f758 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Ao longo das duas últimas décadas, o Brasil assistiu a mudanças expressivas em relação ao tempo de trabalho. Através da realização de nosso estudo foi possível constatar a existência de três padrões do tempo de trabalho no Brasil, que revelam dois momentos distintos: um primeiro, delimitado entre 1992-1998 e entre 1999-2003, onde se verifica um processo de alongamento das horas trabalhadas acompanhado pela exacerbação da flexibilização e da intensificação da jornada de trabalho e, um segundo, ocorrido entre 2004-2009, em que a duração do trabalho sugere um movimento de maior padronização da jornada de trabalho de acordo com a legislação laboral. Na realidade, este último padrão representa um marco na história do tempo de trabalho no Brasil, mas que exige certa cautela em sua análise, uma vez que continuaram a se ampliar os mecanismos de flexibilização e intensificação utilizados pelas empresas / Abstract: Over the last two decades, Brazil has witnessed significant changes in relation to working time. By performing our work, we determined the existence of three patterns of working time in Brazil, which reveal two distinct periods: the first, delimited between 1992-1998 and between 1999-2003, where there is a process of elongation the hours worked accompanied by exacerbation of flexibility and the intensification of the working day and a second occurred between 2004-2009, where the duration of the work suggests a movement of greater standardization of working day of according to the labor law. Indeed, the latter pattern represents a boundary in the history of working time in Brazil, but that requires some caution in his analysis, since continued to expand the flexibility and intensification mechanisms used by companies / Mestrado / Economia Social e do Trabalho / Mestre em Desenvolvimento Econômico

There are many factors that affect the hours worked by various professions. The literature discusses some of these factors in professions such as management and various fields of medicine. However, no information has been gathered on factors that affect the practice of dentists. A survey was disseminated to all Iowa dentists inquiring about various factors that may affect the number of hours they spend at work. The survey inquired about demographics, educational indebtedness, caregiving responsibilities of both children and dependent adults, contribution to household income, relationship status, domestic responsibilities, busyness and type of practice. The data was collected and analyzed. It was hypothesized that there was no difference in the number of hours worked between male and female Iowa dentists and there was no difference in the number of hours worked between female Iowa dentists with minor children (18 years old or younger) and female dentists without minor children. When hypotheses were statistically analyzed, the data showed there was no difference between male and female dentists' working hours in the bivariate analysis. In the multiple logistic regression model, while controlling for various factors such as age and busyness, gender was statistically significant in the number of hours worked. When evaluating the hours worked between female dentists with and without minors, there was a statistically significant difference in the number of hours worked between women with minor children and women without minors. However, in the multiple logistic regression model, presence of minors was not statistically significant. This lack of statistical significance is likely attributed to the small sample size of women dentists. As such, there was not enough power to have more than 2 variables and minor children was not included. The data suggests that young male dentists, who are responsible for 61% or more of their household income and are solo practitioners are the most likely to work full-time (32+ hours/week).

Magister Commercii (Industrial Psychology) - MCom(IPS) / In the twenty first century, the traditional roles in a nuclear family have changed. In the majority of modern families, both partners have careers and full-time jobs. Burnett, Gatrell, Cooper and Sparrow (2010) explain that the approach to working life is changing, both men and women want to find a balance between work, family and caring responsibilities. Guest (2002) also elaborates that work-life balance has always been a concern for those interested in the quality of working life and the relation to broader quality of life. Due to the challenges which employees are currently facing, flexible work arrangements have become an increasingly popular business practice around the globe as a means to reduce work-life conflict. Many organisations offer flexible work arrangements with the goal of facilitating positive outcomes for both organisations and employees (Joiner & Bakalis, 2006). However, other organisations are still resistant to introducing flexible work arrangements as they fear it might impact negatively on productivity (Johnson, 2004; Martinez-Sanchez, Perez-Perez, Jose Vela-Jimenez & de-Luis Carnicer, 2008). While literature on flexible working hours has increased in recent times, no study has been found on the relationships between flexible working hours, employee engagement and organisational commitment in the retail sector in South Africa. Therefore this study focused on the relationship between flexible working hours, employee engagement and organisational commitment. The study followed a quantitative approach and the questionnaires were completed by 161 respondents. The two statistical approaches used to draw conclusions for this study are descriptive and inferential statistics. The study found significant relationships between flexible working hours, employee engagement and organisational commitment. The study also found a significant relationship between different age groups and flexible working hours as well as male and female and their use of flexible working hours. In conclusion, if retailers want to remain competitive in the retail industry where international competition is rife, they will have to ensure that they have the best talent. In order to acquire top talent, they will need to implement policies that will attract and retain them. Based on the findings and results, flexible working hours could substantially assist by increasing their employee engagement and organisational commitment and thereby attracting and retaining the top talent in the South African retail industry.

1 Working hours and some other related institutions of healthcare workers Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the working hours of workers working in healthcare, but also comments on other areas that are associated with working hours. It is possible to find in it a comprehensive overview of valid and effective legislation, which is supplemented by relevant European case law related to the area currently addressed. In addition to the current situation, the aim of the thesis is also to verify whether the legislation is effective and whether it is complied with. The thesis is divided into several chapters, beginning with an explanation of labor law principles and central concepts of the whole thesis - the worker and the employer in healthcare. The most comprehensive chapter is the chapter devoted to the main topic of this thesis, working hours. The concept of working hours, its records and length are discussed here, while the concept of shortened and shorter working hours was not omitted. Other chapters deal with institutes such as night work, overtime, on-call time or rest periods. The chapter devoted to overtime work also discusses its remuneration, as the only remuneration in this whole thesis, because remuneration for overtime work in healthcare forms a large part of monthly remuneration and it is...

Officium to Saint Norbert and its development This thesis focuses on Premonstratensian order liturgy, in particular, on officium of St. Norbert, its origin, development, structure and implementation within the liturgical year of the order. This liturgical devotion is closely connected already with the early existence of the order, however, in the course of development of Norbertine devotion in the period of 12 -17 centuries significant variations in the focus of individual liturgical celebrations can be observed (memorial, triumph, translation). Celebration of the Norbertine officium later results in creation of the so-called Officium Votivum and the antiphony to St. Norbert. As the basis of source research, following documents were used: individual editions of the Roman and Premonstratensian Breviary, and, in particular, the later editions of the breviary of the period of 16-19 centuries. For the comparative purposes in general, I take into account also the first biographies of St. Norbert (Vita A, B), with their characteristic features. This thesis should contribute to a deeper understanding of the issues of officium in the Premonstratensian context. It also points to the broader tradition underpinning the current Premonstratensian solemnity of St. Norbert, the feast of translation of relics of...