The purpose of this dissertation is to examine how the method used to a score situational judgment test (SJT) affects the validity of the SJT both in the presence of other predictors and as a single predictor of task performance. To this end, I compared the summed score approach of scoring SJTs with item response theory and multivariate items response theory. Using two samples and three sets of analyses, I found that the method used to score SJTs influences the validity of the test and that IRT and MIRT show promise for increasing SJT validity. However, no individual scoring method produced the highest amount of validity across all sets of analyses. In line with previous research, SJTs added incremental validity in the presence of GMA and personality and, again, the method used to score the SJT affected the incremental validity. A relative weights analysis was performed for each scoring method across all the sets of analyses showing that, depending on the scoring method, SJT score may account for more criterion variance than either GMA or personality. However, it is likely that the samples were influenced by range restriction present in the incumbent samples.

The main purpose of this diploma thesis is the interconnection of three subjects. Change management, people management during changes and economic crisis, which has affected worldwide economics during the years of 2008 to 2010. The methods and tools of change management could be applied to any change concerning an organization. Starting with partial changes, changes in particular processes or departments, concluding with overall, strategic changes, such as company restructuring, reengineering, fusion etc. One type of the changes presents the external changes, such as the economic recession. However, this external change causes many internal changes, where the companies decrease the costs, restructure particular department and change the strategy. In connection with that, the work focuses on the area of people management from the point of the human resources managers as well as executive management. The process of managing changes resulting from the crisis is followed by many changes in the personnel management sector. In this paper are compared three independent researches concerning the reaction of companies to the unfavorable economical situation. All three researches are dated of 2009 and presents the findings of particular reactions of companies in the area of human resources (redundancies, wage...

Les PME sont en France la cible de nombreuses sollicitations depuis plus de trente ans. Les opérations de conseil se sont particulièrement intensifiées auprès de ces petites entreprises afin de les rendre plus performantes. Sous l‟impulsion des pouvoirs publics, des programmes d‟accompagnement spécifiques leur sont proposés au cours de ces dernières décennies. Notamment, le modèle de la gestion des compétences qui est présenté, à la fin des années quatre-Vingt-Dix, comme la voie à suivre pour faire face aux enjeux de la mondialisation et de la compétitivité. La diffusion de ces nouvelles normes organisationnelles s‟effectue par le biais d‟une nébuleuse d‟acteurs. Parmi ces formes de conseil, quel rôle jouent les organisations intermédiaires, à la fois prescriptrices et productrices de dispositifs institutionnalisés d‟incitation à la GRH ? Ces dispositifs sont-Ils actionnables ? Quels impacts ont ces approches dans les entreprises et plus particulièrement dans les plus petites d‟entre elles ? Ces opérations de conseil modifient-Elles les pratiques des dirigeants de PME ? Les prescriptions des consultants jouent-Elles un rôle identique, ou sont-Elles appropriées, incorporées de façon spécifique par les dirigeants, selon une diversité de trajectoires d‟appropriation liée à la pluralité des configurations de petites entreprises ? / For over thirty years, a great number of appeals have been made to SMEs. Consultancy operations have significantly intensified with regard to these companies, in order to increase their performance. Under the influence of public governance, specific recommendations and support programmes have been proposed to SMEs over the past few decades. Among these, the skills management model, which was presented at the end of the 1990s as the best path to take in order to respond to the challenges companies now face with regard to globalisation and competitiveness. The dissemination of these new organizational norms occurs through a nebula of actors. With regard to these recommendations, what is the role of intermediary organisations, which simultaneously produce and prescribe institutionalized incentive plans for Human Resources Management? Can these plans be seen as actionable? What are the impacts of these approaches on firms, and especially on the smallest firms? Do these consultancy operations modify the practices of the directors of SMEs? Do the prescriptions of consultants always play the same role, or are they incorporated and appropriated differently by company directors, in accordance with a diversity of modes of appropriation adapted to the plurality of organizational structures present in small companies?

The consensus of recent literature appears to be that drug testing is both legal and valid. However, a testing program can meet legal and technical criteria and still fail to meet organizational objectives because one vital component has been left out – employees’ attitudes. The present study uses data from 148 college juniors and seniors to assess the effects of three hypothetical drug testing policies: (a) consequences of detected drug use (termination vs. rehabilitation), (b) timing of the program (expected interval vs. random interval vs. reasonable cause), and (c) business purpose (weak vs. strong) on attitudes toward drug testing. It was hypothesized that attitudes would be most favorable when testing was for reasonable cause, with a strong business purpose, and detected use resulted in required rehabilitation. Results revealed a significant interaction between business purpose and consequence implying that organizations may reduce negative reactions to drug testing by first having a clear need for drug testing (e.g. in response to an increasing accident rate) and seeking to rehabilitate employees who are detected of using drugs rather than simply terminating them.

This work deals with human resources management in small companies. In its theoretical part there are first clarified specifics of small companies' management and then there are described personal processes and work that should be done in small organisations in detail. The aim of the first part of the thesis is to make a theoretical framework for the second -- practical part. In the second part small enterprise is presented and personal work which is done in it is described. The goal of the analytical part and the result at the same time is an analysis of these processes and also recommendations that would, in case of application, lead to an improvement of the company's human resources management system and implicitly to higher competitiveness in a particular branch.

The dissertation thesis investigates the most up-to-date subject matter of contemporary business life, both internationally and locally -- Human Resources outsourcing, which appears to have become a new strategic tool for Human Resources Management. The concept means the strategically motivated external execution of some or all HR processes, which would otherwise be performed by internal staff, along with the assignment of the responsibility for those processes to external providers. Effective outsourcing initiatives have the potential to bring about significant benefits for the company, both operational and strategic. The dissertation thesis introduces a comprehensive and objective analysis of the global HR outsourcing model, including its microeconomic implications, the history of outsourcing, its evolution, benefits and possible risks, its different types of delivery models, suppliers'analysis and supply models, the cost aspects, the principles of effective management of the outsourcing project or the relationships of outsourcing with information and communication technologies. Another part of the thesis focuses on the phenomenon of offshoring, which represents one possible way outsourcing can be executed. Employees' outsourcing, its cost efficiency, legislation framework and private agencies' industry impact on the labour market is a subject of another part of the thesis. The consequent section includes empirical research executed with the aim to investigate the principles, models, scope and trends of HR outsourcing activities in the Czech republic. The results of the research are compared with scientific hypotheses that are based on the knowledge of the HR outsourcing global model which results in defining a local model of HR outsourcing. The concluding part of the dissertation thesis summarizes both the theoretical knowledge and practical findings and formulates a number of recommendations and advise for company top management about how to implement effectively HR outsourcing in the company or how to improve its quality if already implemented.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi elaborar um modelo para desenvolver equipes de projetos. Neste modelo as equipes são percebidas como sistemas sociais complexos que se desdobram em diversas dimensões. Isto significa que estes grupos devem aprender a lidar com as tensões das emoções, com o processamento de informações e o desafio das formas da organização. Sua imersão na organização significa ainda, a submissão a um jogo de forças que podem conduzir a comportamentos contraditórios e paradoxais. Utilizando-se das abordagens quantitativa e qualitativa tal modelo foi avaliado empiricamente, gerando novos insights e apontando para novos caminhos na teoria e na prática de desenvolvimento de equipes de projetos. / The aim of this work was to generate a model to develop project teams. In this model project teams are perceived as complex social systems which have several dimensions. That means these groups must learn how to cope with the stress of emotions, with the information processing and with the challenge of the organization design. Their deep immersion in the organization also means submitting to a trial of forces that could lead to contradictory and paradoxical behaviors. Using the quantitative and qualitative approaches, such model was evaluated empirically, creating new insights and pointing to new directions and practices of project teams development.

As mudanças no ambiente empresarial têm acontecido em uma freqüência cada vez maior e as organizações buscam formas de aumentar suas capacidades de adaptação e, conseqüentemente, sua competitividade no mercado. Neste sentido, tem se relacionado a obtenção de vantagem competitiva com o tratamento que a empresa dá aos seus funcionários e aos seus ativos intelectuais, como o conhecimento. É dentro deste enfoque, que as organizações têm empregado ferramentas de gestão do conhecimento. A partir dessa constatação, este trabalho procura observar a gestão de recursos humanos como fator estratégico para a gestão do conhecimento. Para tanto, foi realizado inicialmente, uma revisão na literatura, que permitiu o desenvolvimento de questões para analisar a influência da gestão de recursos humanos em iniciativas em gestão do conhecimento. É também realizado um estudo de caso para observar na prática as constatações da literatura. A pesquisa identificou que a área de recursos humanos pode contribuir efetivamente, através de práticas e políticas, para que esforços em gestão do conhecimento sejam bem sucedidos. / The changes of the organizational environment have happened with a high frequency and the organizations search for ways to improve their capacities of adaptation and, consequently, their competitiveness in the market. In this way, the gain of competitive advantage is related to treatment that the company gives for their employees and for their intellectual assets, like the knowledge. Within this context the organizations have utilized tools of knowledge management. Following this argument, this work discusses the human resources management as strategic factor for the knowledge management. It was initially accomplished a literature revision, that allowed the development of subjects to analyze the influence of human resources management in the initiatives of knowledge management. This work also presents a case study that discusses in practice the observations from the literature. The research identified that the human resources department can effectively contribute, through policies and practices, for success of knowledge management implementation.

O mercado atual reflete um ambiente global, complexo, altamente competitivo e volátil para as organizações, o que, no campo da gestão de pessoas, se traduz em desafios relacionados à escassez de profissonais bem qualificados e especializados. Pesquisas internacionais e nacionais do final da década de 1990 e dos anos 2000, dedicadas à área da gestão de pessoas, apontam frequentemente que, para se manter nessa realidade de aumento da concorrência global pelo emprego e a busca por Talentos, as organizações teriam que investir em atrair, desenvolver e reter os melhores profissionais. As empresas deixaram de ser as únicas protagonistas na oferta de emprego e passaram a investir na gestão destes Talentos. Diante desse contexto, essa dissertação buscou contribuir para a literatura de RH e de Gestão de Talentos, analisando a diversidade conceitual sobre talento, sua gestão e as abordagens teóricas sobre o tema. No objetivo central deste estudo foi proposto analisar a relação entre a produção acadêmica e a utilização no meio corporativo das práticas de gestão e conceitos de Talento em Administração. Para isso, realizou-se um estudo em caráter exploratório e descritivo. Na análise dos dados empíricos foram empregadas técnicas de estatística descritiva e análise de conteúdo com suporte do software NVivo. Procedeu-se a uma revisão de literatura sobre Talentos em diversos campos do conhecimento e em Administração, bem como a uma contextualização da produção acadêmica sobre Gestão Estratégica de Recursos Humanos. Contatou-se que o termo Talento é fluido e particular ao meio em que está inserido e que a Gestão de Talentos consiste em uma configuração de práticas para gerir os talentos na organização. Na fase empírica, foram analisadas, por meio de uma survey, 471 empresas atuantes no Brasil. Estas foram categorizadas quanto à prática formal de Gestão de Talentos e às abordagens inclusiva (todos são talentos) e exclusiva (nem todos são talentos). As empresas que declararam ter um programa formal de Gestão de Talentos representaram 75% do total da amostra e é maioria no que se refere à formalização das diretrizes estratégicas organizacionais e de recursos humanos. A população empregada nessas empresas tem maior escolaridade, são mais jovens e tem menos tempo de casa do que a das empresas sem o programa formal da Gestão de Talentos. A prática de abordagem exclusiva ou diferenciadora deste programa se mostrou emergente e estratégica no cenário nacional. Foram analisadas as definições de talento declaradas pelas empresas em relação à literatura deste tema, verificou-se que para cada empresa há uma definição de talento, mas que nestas há termos que se repetem nestas definições. Assim, foi gerada uma listagem com as palavras mais frequentes por categoria de empresa. A análise agregada dessa lista em relação à literatura de talentos e a de GT, possibilitou consolidar os termos principais em duas categorias de atributos de Talento, sendo eles: os identificadores e os qualificadores. Diante dos resultados obtidos, percebeu-se que as organizações têm intenção em praticar a Gestão de Talentos, sendo o seu desenvolvimento um desafio para o meio corporativo e para a academia. Ficou evidente o crescimento das publicações relacionadas a esse assunto no campo da Administração e a sua prática emergente e formal por organizações atuantes no país. Este estudo se limitou ao estilo descritivo o que não permitiu análises em profundidade e se restringiu à utilização de dados secundários. Sugerem-se para estudos futuros, técnicas de estudo de caso longitudinais e pesquisas que busquem apontar como as empresas podem operacionalizar a GT de modo estratégico e a possibilidade de identificar precocemente os Talentos em gestão. / The current market reflects a global environment that is complex, highly competitive and volatile to organizations. These organizations thrive trough modern challenges that are related to the lack of well qualified and specialized professionals. These organizations left the role of job offering and start to invest on attraction, development and retention of talents. International and national research, from the late years of the decade of 1990 and years 2000, dedicated to people management sector frequently point that to remain on this reality of increase on global competition for jobs and search for talent, the organizations would have to invest to attract, develop and retain the best professionals. On that context, this dissertation aim to contribute to the literature of Human Resources and Talent Management, regarding conceptual diversity on talent, its management and theoretical approaches. The main goal of this study was the analysis of the relation between academic production and its use on organizations, its management practices and concepts of talent on Administration. This study can be classified as exploratory and descriptive. For empiric data analysis, statistical descriptive analysis was employed as well as content analysis; both supported with the use of the software NVivo. Part of the study comprehend a literature review on Talent trough diverse fields of knowledge and Administration, with that, it was possible to put on context the academic production on Strategic Human Resources Management. It was possible to conclude that the term Talent is fluid and particular to the medium were it is presented and that Talent Management consist of a configuration of practices to manage the talents on the organization. At the empiric fase, 471 companies that have operations on Brazil were analyzed trough a survey. These were categorized due to its practices on formal Talent Management and its inclusive (everybody is a talent) and exclusive (not everybody is a talent) approaches. The companies that declared to have a formal program of Talent Management represent 75% of sample total and are the majority in what concern the formalization of strategic guidelines to human and organizational resources. People employed on these companies have higher education, are younger and have been on the company longer than those on companies without a formal program to Talent Management. The practice of exclusive or differentiation of this program show itself as emergent and strategic on the national scenario. Considering the literature on this theme, the analysis of the definitions of Talent declared by the companies revealed that there is a talent definition to each company, but there are terms that are common on these different definitions. From that, was generated a list with the most frequent words by company category. The joint analysis of this list with the literature on Talent and Talent Management has made possible to consolidate two Talent attribute categories: Identifiers and Qualifiers. With this results, it was possible to notice the organizational intention in practice Talent Management, been its development a challenge to both academic and corporative fields. The growth of publications related to the subject on the field of Administration and the emerging of formal practice by organizations with operations on Brazil has become clear. This study is limited to descriptive analysis and the use of secondary data; therefore it was not possible to proceed with in depth analysis. It is suggested to future studies the use of techniques such as longitudinal case study and the pursue of themes such as the identification of how companies can operate the Talent Management in a strategic way and the possibility to early identification of Talent in Management.

A pesquisa visou identificar as relações entre características organizacionais e de espaço para a criatividade, em organizações inovativas, com objetivo de contribuir com as discussões emergentes sobre a integração entre estratégias de gestão de pessoas e de inovação. As características organizacionais foram estruturadas com base em vários modelos desenvolvidos por diversos autores e envolveram: estrutura organizacional, filosofia e valores e políticas e sistemas de recursos humanos. O espaço para a criatividade, também baseado na contribuição de diversos autores, envolveu: encorajamento à criatividade, ambiente de tarefa, recursos e impedimentos organizacionais. A pesquisa caracterizou-se exploratório-descritiva com abordagem quali-quantitativa e é apresentada em seis capítulos. Foi realizada em quatro organizações de médio e grande porte localizadas, na sua maioria, na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba, estado do Paraná (Brasil), pertencentes a diferentes setores e densidades tecnológicas, selecionadas pelo histórico com inovações e atividades inovativas. A amostra foi composta de 12 gestores de Recursos Humanos e de Tecnologia e de 338 colaboradores das áreas técnicas e administrativas. O instrumento de pesquisa teve Alfha de Cronbach de 0,912, para 66 itens. A verificação das relações entre as variáveis foi realizada pelo método multivariado de Correlação Canônica, utilizando o programa Statgraphics Plus, versão 5.1 e R 2.6.0. As análises foram realizadas pelo primeiro par canônico, que apresentou correlação de 0,926 e R2 canônica de 0,857 entre as variáveis principais, atestando altas associações entre elas. As correlações entre as subvariáveis apresentaram altas correlações com filosofia e valores (0,880 e R2 canônico de 0,774), com políticas e sistemas de recursos humanos (0,879 e R2 canônico de 0.773) e baixa correlação com estrutura organizacional, na concepção tradicional de organização do trabalho (0,495 e R2 canônico de 0,246). Os principais resultados integram a gestão da inovação e a gestão de pessoas à estratégia organizacional voltada para resultados com inovações, em qualquer de suas modalidades. Nessas organizações inovativas, o espaço para a criatividade é permeado por práticas de valorização das pessoas e de seus resultados e clareza sobre a estratégia organizacional ao conjunto dos colaboradores. Práticas coerentes com esses valores e estruturas mais flexíveis e mais voltadas para a participação e para o trabalho desenvolvido em grupos são encorajadoras da criatividade nas organizações inovativas. As políticas e sistemas de recursos humanos mais evidenciados (promotores do espaço para a criatividade) referem-se àqueles que provocam o desenvolvimento do ser humano na organização. As práticas que propiciam aos colaboradores sentirem-se acreditados em sua capacidade criativa relacionam-se, principalmente, aos feedbacks construtivos que reforçam o ciclo de confiança, à avaliação de desempenho associado ao desenvolvimento profissional e aos incentivos ofertados para resultados alcançados coletivamente. Como estudo exploratório, a pesquisa evidenciou características organizacionais de influência positiva no espaço para a criatividade em organizações inovativas sugerindo vários temas para futuras pesquisas. / The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between organizational characteristics and the space for creativity in innovative organizations with aims at contributing to rising discussions on the integration between people management strategies and innovation. Organizational characteristics were structured according to different models developed by different authors, to include organizational structure, philosophy and values and policies and human resources. Also based on the contribution made by different authors, it addresses the encouragement to creativity, workplace, and organizational resources and hindering factors. The exploratory-descriptive research employed a qualitative-quantitative approach, and is presented in six chapters. It was performed in four medium-and-large size companies, most of which are located in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba, of the State of Paraná (Brazil), from different sectors and at varying technological stages, chosen for their history of innovations in place and innovative activities. Sampling comprised 12 managers from the Human Resources and Technology areas, and 338 employees from the technical and administrative areas. Indexes from the Alfha of Cronbach tool were 0.912, for 66 items. The relationship between variables was verified by the Canonic Correlation multivariate method, using Statgraphics Plus software, version 5.1 and R 2.6.0. Analyses were performed by the first canonic pair with a 0.926 correlation and 0.857 canonic R2 between major variables, thus confirming their high interrelationship. Sub-variable correlations between both philosophy and values (0.880 and 0.774 canonic R2) and policies and human resources (0.879 and 0.773 canonic R2) were high, and organizational structure, under the traditional concept of work organization (0.495 and 0.246 canonic R2) was low. Major findings integrate innovation management and people management to the organizational strategy with the objective of yielding results from any form of innovation. In those innovative organizations the space for creativity is interspersed with practices that value people and the results they achieve, and how clearly the organizational strategy is perceived by all employees. Practices that are coherent with those values and more flexible structures further addressing group work are factors that encourage creativity in innovative organizations. Most evident human resource policies and systems (that foster space for creativity) are those which lead to the development of people in the organization. Practices that are conducive for the employee to feel supported in their creative abilities are mainly related to constructive feedback they are given, which strengthens the cycle of confidence; to the assessment of performance associated to professional development; and to incentives offered for collectively-attained results. Findings from this exploratory study observed positive-influence organizational characteristics in the space for creativity of innovative organizations, suggesting there is a wide range of themes for future study.