L'environnement manufacturier moderne est face à un bouleversement de paradigmes nécessitant plus de changeabilité au niveau physique et logique. Un système manufacturier Changeable est défini comme un système de production ayant les capacités de faciliter les changements adéquats, permettant d'ajuster ses structures et ses processus en réponse aux différents besoins. Dans ce contexte, les systèmes manufacturiers doivent se doter d’un très haut niveau de reconfigurabilité, qui est considérée comme l’un des facteurs majeurs du concept de changeabilité. En effet, dans la vision de l'Usine du Futur, la reconfigurabilité est essentielle pour s'adapter efficacement à la complexité croissante des environnements manufacturiers. Elle assure une adaptation rapide, efficace et facile de ces systèmes tout en étant réactif, robuste et économiquement compétitif. L’objectif est de répondre aux nouvelles contraintes internes et externes telles que la globalisation, la variété des produits, la personnalisation de masse ou le raccourcissement des délais. À travers cette thèse, nous étudions la problématique de conception des systèmes manufacturiers reconfigurables (Reconfigurable Manufacturing System – RMS). L’objectif consiste à concevoir des systèmes réactifs en se basant sur leurs capacités en matière de reconfigurabilité. Nous avons étudié ce problème sur trois niveaux : (i) le niveau des composantes, relatif aux modules des machines reconfigurables, (ii) le niveau des machines et leurs interactions, ainsi que l’impact de ces interactions sur le système et (iii) le niveau de l'atelier, composé de l'ensemble des machines reconfigurables. Nous avons développé pour chaque niveau, des indicateurs de performance afin d’assurer les meilleures performances du système conçu, tels que l’indicateur de modularité, l’indicateur de flexibilité, l’indicateur de robustesse et l’effort d'évolution d'un système reconfigurable. Pour l'ensemble des problèmes étudiés, nous avons développé des modèles d’optimisation multicritère, résolus à travers des heuristiques ou des métaheuristiques multicritères (comme le recuit simulé multicritère (AMOSA) et les algorithmes génétiques multicritère (NSGA-II)). De nombreuses expériences numériques et analyses ont été réalisées afin de démontrer l’applicabilité de nos approches / The modern manufacturing environment is facing a paradigm shift that require more changeability at physical and logical levels. A Changeable Manufacturing System is defined as a production system that has the ability to facilitate the right changes, allowing the adjustment of its structures and processes in response to the different needs. In this context, manufacturing systems must have a very high level of reconfigurability, which is considered to be one of the major enablers of changeability. From the perspective of the “Factory of the future”, the reconfigurability is essential to effectively adapt to the ever-increasing complexity of manufacturing environments. It allows a rapid, efficient and easy adaptation of these systems while being responsive, robust and economically competitive. The objective is to respond to new internal and external constraints in terms of globalization, variety of products, mass customization, and shorter lead times. Through this thesis, we study the problem of design of reconfigurable manufacturing systems (RMS) that meets these requirements. The goal is to design responsive systems based on their key features of reconfigurability. We have studied the RMS design problem on three levels: (i) the level of the components, relating to the modules of the reconfigurable machines, (ii) the machine level and their interactions, as well as the impact of these interactions on the system and (iii) the workshop level composed of all the reconfigurable machines. We have developed for each level, performance indicators to ensure a better responsiveness and a high performance of the designed system, like the modularity index, the flexibility index, the robustness index and the layout evolution effort of a reconfigurable system. For each of the studied problems, we developed multicriteria optimization models, solved through heuristics or multicriteria metaheuristics (such as archived multi-objective simulated annealing (AMOSA) and multi-objective genetic algorithms (NSGA-II)). Numerous numerical experiments and analyzes have been performed to demonstrate the applicability of our approaches

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T13:56:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 20 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Este trabalho tem como objetivo a geração de um modelo de escalonamento aplicado ao Jobshop Scheduling Problem num Sistema de Manufatura Flexível que considera o tempo total de produção (makespan), o tempo total de atraso, o tempo total parado e o tempo total ocioso.O modelo proposto é composto por: (a) uma função objetivo que reflete, através de suas variáveis de decisão e seus pesos respectivos, as estratégias de otimização, e de (b) uma arquitetura que está dividida em cinco fases. O modelo utilizou o algoritmo Busca Tabu que,através de duas estratégias de geração de vizinhanças, busca a otimização da função objetivo. A arquitetura do modelo baseia-se na extração da demanda de produção, na Tecnologia de Grupo, nas Regras de Despacho, no Algoritmo Busca Tabu e na gravação do plano de produção, para tratar os Problemas de Seleção de Partes (Famílias de Partes) e do Escalonamento. Foram realizados, através de um estudo de caso, diversos experimentos que possibilitaram a comparação de estratégias de otimiza / This paper has the aim of generating a scheduling model applied to Job-shop Scheduling Problem in Flexible Manufacturing System, which considers the makespan, total tardiness time, total stop time, total idle time. The model proposed is composed for: (a) an objective function that reflects, through its variables of decision and its weights, the optimization strategies, and (b) arquitecture that is divided in five phases. The model used the Tabu Search algorithm which, through two strategies neighborhoods generation, searching the objective function optimization. The model architecture is based on extraction of production demand, in the Group Technology, in the Dispatching Rules, in the Tabu Search algorithm and save production plan, to deal the Part Selections (Part Families) and Scheduling Problems.Through a study of case, it has been realized several experiments which makes it possible the comparison of optimization strategies and real scheduling, and which proves conflicts in decision variables. For mo

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T13:58:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 1 / Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos / Neste trabalho é abordado o Problema de Escalonamento em um job shop, considerando restrições de datas de entrega, turnos de produção e tempo de setup entre operações. Considera-se um ambiente de Sistema de Manufatura flexível, que dado ao alto nível de automação, permite a previsibilidade dos processos de carregamento dos recursos à área de processamento. O problema foi modelado através de uma Função Objetivo fn composta de três variáveis de decisão. A importância da contribuição de cada variável para o valor de fn é gerida pela atribuição de valores aos pesos associados às variáveis. Na abordagem proposta, são utilizadas técnicas de Tecnologia de Grupo e Busca Tabu. O modelo implementado é uma modificação da técnica i TSAB, proposta por Nowicki e Smutnicki, a qual apresenta bons resultados no tratamento do Problema de Escalonamento em um job shop PEJS clássico. A consideração das restrições adicionais ao PEJS aumenta a complexidade do modelo implementado, porém, deixa o problema mais próximo da realidade. / In this work the Job Shop Scheduling Problem is studied, considering due dates, production turns and tooling constraints. This problem is applied in a Flexible Manufacturing System, which possesses high degree of automation, allowing previsibility in the processes of loading and unloading jobs on the machines. The problem is modeled through a objective function fn composed by three weighted decision variables. The importance of each variable in the fn final value is managed through assignment of values to the weights of these variables. In the proposed approach, it was used Group Technology and Tabu Search techniques. The implemented model is a modification of the i TSAB technique, proposed by Nowicki and Smutniki. The consideration of adicional constraints in the Job Shop Scheduling Problem increases the complexity of the implementation, otherwise, makes the problem closer to the industrial reality. The model was validated using benchmark instances, in which the data from the addional constraints were added.

Em sistemas modernos de manutenção inteligente a qualidade de uma máquina ou equipamento depende do suporte que é fornecido junto com esse produto, com a confiabilidade e segurança na utilização do mesmo. Estas exigências, por vezes, não são cumpridas e podem estar indisponíveis em algumas máquinas. Este trabalho descreve uma abordagem utilizando sinais de vibração coletados em tempo real com falhas como estudo preliminar para uma abordagem mais profunda como estudo dametodologia de testes de vida acelerado para auxiliar durante a fase de vida operacional permitindo ao fabricante a determinação dos ciclos de vida do produto. A abordagem proposta construída em cima de experiências anteriores em desenvolvimento no projeto Integração de Sistemas Inteligentes de Manutenção e Cadeia de Fornecimento de Peças Sobressalentes. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar resultados preliminares analisando a variabilidade das assinaturas de falhas das engrenagens danificadas de maneira a permitir a identificação dos ciclos de vida do produto para partes específicas de um atuador elétrico. / In modern systems of intelligent maintenance the quality of a machine or equipment depends on the support that comes with this product, with the reliability and safety in the use of it. These requirements are sometimes not met and may be unavailable on some machines. This paper describes an approach using vibration signals collected in real-time with faults as a preliminary study for a deeper approach with the study of the methodology of accelerated life tests to assist during the operational life stage allowing the manufacturer the determination of the life cycles of product. The proposed approach built on previous experiences under development in the project Integration of Intelligent Systems of Maintenance and Chain of Supply of Spares. The objective of this work is to present preliminary results analyzing the variability of failure signatures of the damaged gears in order to allow the identification of product life cycles for specific parts of an electric actuator.

<div>Reviewing the literature verifies that manufacturing industries fall short of the required sustainable criteria in the system design.</div><div>One of the leading reasons behind such a failure refers to the lack of an effective system design's knowledge toward the selected solutions by benchmarking.</div><div>The Collective System Design (CSD) approach provides a countermeasure for this shortcoming by starting the design approach with a collective agreement upon the external and internal customer needs and then choosing the solutions for the system design to achieve those needs. </div><div>The general requirements and solutions to a manufacturing system are covered in the Manufacturing System Design Decomposition (MSDD) in a linear and path-dependent fashion, which is a core derivative of the CSD.</div><div><br></div><div>The CSD application in industrial case studies has been provided in this thesis to elaborate on how the CSD approach assists industries to re-design their systems in a sustainable manner.</div><div>The segregation of the tools and objectives of the system re-design in a path-dependent fashion is guided by the design principles.</div><div>The case studies described how to achieve the external customer needs of product quality, quantity, variety, and on-time delivery with a collaborative work inside the plant. </div><div>This collaboration was built up by defining the customer-supplier connection inside the plant.</div><div>Cell re-design and balancing of operations with a well-defined standard work is also elaborated in this research to help produce what is needed to be shipped today with the least amount of waste in the system.</div><div>The after system redesign MSDD questionnaire analysis at these industries have shown that the industries successfully satisfied their system needs in a sustainable manner. </div><div><br></div><div>In those case studies, an internal customer need for a safe working environment was also brought to light and the CSD approach was introduced and applied to achieve the associated requirements of safety. </div><div>As the original MSDD lacked the requirements and solutions for the safety component, an updated version of the MSDD has been proposed to incorporate </div><div>the safety branch to the MSDD.</div><div>In addition, some enhancements to the current version of the MSDD have been made for a clearer and more thorough understanding of the system design.</div>

This research addresses fleet-sizing for reusable containers that are used for protection, transportation, and storage of parts between a component plant and assembly plant. These reusable containers are often expensive and occupy a large amount of storage space when empty and full. Having a large container fleet comes with higher acquisition, maintenance, and storage costs, but decreases production down time caused by the lack of containers needed for storage. A quantitative model of these trade-offs will permit decision makers to maintain desired production levels at minimum cost. In this dissertation, the relationship between container fleet size and production down time caused by container shortages is researched. Utilizing both theoretical and empirical approaches, two analytical models that include relevant operational parameters and stochastic components are developed. The first is a container fleet sizing model, and the second model estimates production stoppages as a function of container fleet size. The formulas are shown to be accurate and provide decision makers with the tools to better plan and manage specific applications. The formulas also provide general insight into the factors that affect container fleet size and production stoppage due to container shortages. / Graduation date: 2012

In this study, an operational (short term) flexibility management approach is proposed for make-to-order companies with flexible shops. Order Review and Release (ORR) techniques and typical Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) decisions are combined in this method. The proposed method prepares a shop environment by allocating process and routing flexibility types at different levels to the shop in each production cycle. Variety, volume, and criticality of the part types in the pool and the anticipated orders constitute the main inputs for flexibility allocation. A flexibility management policy is introduced and determination of the proper policy is realized with the integrated utilization of mathematical programming and simulation modeling. An experimental study is performed to investigate the effects of proposed method on a hypothetical flexible shop. Results show that with an appropriate policy, periodical and online flexibility management can be an effective tool to cope with uncertainty in demand if combined with ORR techniques.

To survive in the global market the manufacturing companies need to meet the cus-tomer demands quickly and effectively. Therefore, lot of companies are striving to overcome the demand fluctuation and uncertainty. RMS is a concept which handles uncertainty easily by running the product mix and varying the level of volume accord-ing to the requirement. The reconfigurability level of manufacturing system is as-sessed by evaluating the criteria affecting the characteristics of the system.The characteristics of reconfigurability are scalability, customization, convertibility, modularity, integrability and diagnosability. A RMS achieves quick and cost effective changes through customization and convertibility, it handles volume variations through scalability. These characteristics are achieved with the help of modularity and integrability. A detailed assessment of a manufacturing system based on these charac-teristics will indicate its level of reconfigurability. Hence assessment of a manufactur-ing system for reconfigurability becomes necessary in the current turbulent market conditions.This research presents a method to assess the reconfigurability in a manufacturing system. The research is divided into two parts where, in the first part a qualitative as-sessment method is developed, and it is then tested in the second part. The study uses two research methods namely literature review and case study. Based on literature re-view assessment criteria for each characteristic of reconfigurability are listed and an assessment method is developed. The assessment method uses a radar chart to repre-sent the level of reconfigurability. This is supported with a case study where the de-veloped assessment method is tested and validated.

Em sistemas modernos de manutenção inteligente a qualidade de uma máquina ou equipamento depende do suporte que é fornecido junto com esse produto, com a confiabilidade e segurança na utilização do mesmo. Estas exigências, por vezes, não são cumpridas e podem estar indisponíveis em algumas máquinas. Este trabalho descreve uma abordagem utilizando sinais de vibração coletados em tempo real com falhas como estudo preliminar para uma abordagem mais profunda como estudo dametodologia de testes de vida acelerado para auxiliar durante a fase de vida operacional permitindo ao fabricante a determinação dos ciclos de vida do produto. A abordagem proposta construída em cima de experiências anteriores em desenvolvimento no projeto Integração de Sistemas Inteligentes de Manutenção e Cadeia de Fornecimento de Peças Sobressalentes. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar resultados preliminares analisando a variabilidade das assinaturas de falhas das engrenagens danificadas de maneira a permitir a identificação dos ciclos de vida do produto para partes específicas de um atuador elétrico. / In modern systems of intelligent maintenance the quality of a machine or equipment depends on the support that comes with this product, with the reliability and safety in the use of it. These requirements are sometimes not met and may be unavailable on some machines. This paper describes an approach using vibration signals collected in real-time with faults as a preliminary study for a deeper approach with the study of the methodology of accelerated life tests to assist during the operational life stage allowing the manufacturer the determination of the life cycles of product. The proposed approach built on previous experiences under development in the project Integration of Intelligent Systems of Maintenance and Chain of Supply of Spares. The objective of this work is to present preliminary results analyzing the variability of failure signatures of the damaged gears in order to allow the identification of product life cycles for specific parts of an electric actuator.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:05:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissEGRM.pdf: 5921557 bytes, checksum: 89005165cd9d839d8283e0713abe1fb8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-05-30 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / The Petri Net based Search has been shown as a promising way to solve Flexible manufacturing Systems (FMS) Scheduling Problem. However, the response time is critical since it s a system with high computational complexity. Focusing the reduction of response time, this work proposes a heuristic for Petri Net based Search to solve FMS Scheduling problem of makespan minimization. Experiments showed improvements on response time reduction comparing with prior works / Abordagens de Busca baseadas em Rede de Petri (PN) têm sido mostradas como uma forma promissora de resolver o problema da Programação da Produção de Sistemas Flexíveis de Manufatura (FMS). Entretanto, o tempo de resposta é crítico, uma vez que se trata de um sistema de alta complexidade computacional. Focando a redução do tempo de resposta do sistema, este trabalho propõe uma heurística para busca baseada em Rede de Petri para resolver o problema de programação de FMS na minimização do makespan. Experimentos mostraram um avanço na melhoria do tempo de resposta em relação a trabalhos anteriores