A revised version of the author's thesis, University of London, 1969. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [197]-206) and index.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2004. / Advisor: Dr. Donald D. Howard, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of History. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed June 17, 2004). Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2001. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 75-78).

Thesis (M.A.)--Marshall University, 2003. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 95 p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 88-93).

I denna uppsats undersöks hur framställningen av svenska fotbollssupportrar sett ut mellan 1995 och 2014 i den tryckta pressen och hur denna rapportering skiljer sig mellan dags-, kvälls- och regionalpress. Ambitionen är även att ge svar på vilken påverkan åsiktsjournalistiken har haft på hur fotbollssupportrar framställts under denna tidsperiod. För att få svar på uppsatsens frågeställningar analyserades totalt 750 tidningsartiklar som publicerats i Aftonbladet, Dagens Nyheter, Expressen, Göteborgs-Posten, Svenska Dagbladet och Sydsvenskan under åren 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 och 2014. Artiklarna valdes ut genom ett systematiskt urval och undersöktes utifrån en kvantitativ innehållsanalys. Resultatetan alyserades sedan utifrån teorier kring nyhetsvärdering, objektivitet och generalisering. Resultaten visade att 1995 var ett avvikande årtal för rapporteringen om svenska fotbollssupportrar de senaste 20 åren. Texterna från detta år var de överlägset mest negativa och minst neutrala för undersökningsperioden. Resultaten visade samtidigt att 2000 var det år som hade minst negativa artiklar men därefter sågs en ökad negativ rapportering fram till 2014. Den ökade negativa rapporteringen gick främst att hitta i regionaltidningarna Göteborgs-Posten och Sydsvenskan under denna period. Morgontidningarna i Stockholm visade på den största minskningen av neutrala texter mellan 2000 och 2014. Därtill visade resultaten att det generellt sett förekom mer åsikter i texterna om svenska fotbollssupportrar under samma period. Däremot uppmärksammades att andelen renodlade åsiktsjournalistiska texter inte ökade. Åsikterna tog alltså istället större plats i de texter som inte gick under begreppet åsiktsjournalistik.

Background. The bench press is a commonly used resistance training exercise for targeting the chest musculature. During hypertrophy training, different variations of bench press are often used to isolate different segments (pars clavicularis, pars sternocostalis and pars abdominals) of the chest muscle m.pectoralis major. Commonly used variations of the bench press are decline bench press (less than 0° from horizontal) and incline bench press (more than  0° from horizontal). Some research has been done into these variations of bench angle and their effect on muscle activation; however other commonly used bench angles is yet to be investigated. Aim. The aim of this study was to examine if there were any difference in muscle activity in the three segments of m.pectoralis majors while performing three different barbell bench press variations with different bench angles to obtain a greater understanding of m.pectoralis major activation and possibly optimize hypertrophy training in above mentioned muscles segments.  Method. 13 healthy male (age: 23± 3.8 year and BMI: 24.3 ±1.8 kg/m2) participated in this single group study. EMG was used to measure muscle activity in m.pectoralis major's three segments. Test subjects performed 1 set of 6 repetitions on each bench press variation at a relative load of 6RM. An maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) test was performed and set as 100 percent reference value for comparison muscle activity in various angles. Results. While performing the decline bench press and the incline bench press, the muscle activity in pars clavicularis displayed a strong trend of a lower muscle activity (decline: p= 0.055 and incline: p=0.052) in comparison to the flat bench press. Muscle activity in pars sternocostalis while performing the incline bench press was significantly lower in comparison to the flat bench press (flat: p<0.001 and decline: p<0.001). Muscle activity in pars abdominals while performing the decline bench press was significantly higher (p=0.013) in comparison to the flat bench press. Muscle activity in pars abdominals while performing the incline bench press were significantly lower than both the flat and decline bench press (incline: p<0.001 and decline: p<0.001). Conclusion. For a better isolation of the pars abdominals segment, the decline bench press should be used. Muscle activity in pars sternocostalis did not show any significant difference between flat and decline bench press and could be isolated with either of these two exercises.  The muscle activity in pars clavicularis showed a strong trend of higher activity while performing the flat bench press compared to the decline and incline bench press, however findings regarding the pars clavicularis differs between studies.

published_or_final_version / Journalism and Media Studies Centre / Master / Master of Journalism

No description available.

No description available.

The past years in Sweden has been infected by a discussion about immigration and immigrants, both spoken in politics and media. The aim of this essay is to study the attitude about immigrants in the third period of immigration in Sweden found in the local press. And also what image the press gave of immigrants. The study looks at Smålandsposten, which is a large local press in the Växjö area.   During the period for this study was the attitude in the local press very negative. The studied articles in Smålandsposten shows a profound idea of a “we” and “them”. The idea of “we” and “them” was grounded as the newspaper depicted a Swedish ideal. When written about in the paper, the immigrants were always doing something bad or wrong, which depicted immigrants as always problematic and a threat to the Swedish society. Smålandsposten created also a lot of negative stereotypes which probably still remain today. A main theme in the articles could be summarized as: Can we afford to take them in?