Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T17:26:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Zeneide Gomes da Costa.pdf: 1036986 bytes, checksum: 32c2eebdb29e9f2c619650e2e543fb92 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-10 / The aim of this research is to analyze the Theory of Knowledge presented in the book Meditations on First Philosophy written by French Philosopher Rene Descartes. The study comprehends a brief exploration of his philosophical work, followed by the analysis of the six Meditations. The Meditation IV Concerning the True and the False will be specifically explored in its epistemological and ontological aspects / O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar a teoria do conhecimento na obra Meditações sobre Filosofia Primeira do filósofo René Descartes. O estudo compreende uma sucinta análise do conjunto da obra filosófica de Descartes. Posteriormente, procedeu-se o exame do conjunto das seis Meditações, seguido da análise específica da Meditação Quarta do verdadeiro e do falso e da causa do erro humano em seus aspectos epistemológicos e ontológicos

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-05-24T13:29:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Fabrina Moreira Silva.pdf: 1145243 bytes, checksum: 42289cd86c73d79791aac33f727a44ae (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-24T13:29:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fabrina Moreira Silva.pdf: 1145243 bytes, checksum: 42289cd86c73d79791aac33f727a44ae (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This thesis aims to investigate to what extent the concept of transhistoricity of scientific knowledge, according to Pierre Bourdieu, reverberates the presence of the philosophy of science on the occasion of the last course taught by him, entitled Science de la science et reflexivité, at the Collège de France in the university year 2000-2001. Bourdieu synthesizes, in this last course, the epistemological foundations of sociology and takes them as object of study, thus making a science of science. Avoiding the totalizing pretensions, Bourdieu proposes the concepts of habitus and field, elaborating a closed system of concepts that allows him the scientific self-reflexivity, specifically applied to the sociology. Assuming the French theoretical epistemological line of Bachelardian tradition, Bourdieu affirms that the scientific knowledge is transhistorical, that is to say, a social construct that has managed to make its transhistorical truth. Transhistoricity implies questioning the ways in which science is made, and this questioning is the central problem that P. Bourdieu's critical reflexivity takes as his starting point for his investigation of the production of scientific knowledge. Epistemological vigilance is the guarantee of the scientificity of sociology; it is certainty of the method appropriate to the specificities of the object, in this case the production of sociological knowledge. The thesis that underlies the problem investigated by Bourdieu in his last course - in what way does science produce transhistoric knowledge? – is evidence of the presence of a thinker, whose analyses reaches a wide spectrum of themes, however, it is in the game of the scientific field with the scientific habitus that is, if and only if, it is possible to speak of transhistoricity of scientific knowledge. This scheme Concept of analysis demonstrates the always present reflexivity in scientific practice / Nesta tese, objetiva-se investigar em que medida o conceito de trans-historicidade do conhecimento científico, segundo Pierre Bourdieu, reverbera a presença da filosofia da ciência, na ocasião do último curso ministrado por ele, intitulado Science de La science et reflexivité, no Collège de France no ano universitário 2000-2001. Bourdieu sintetiza, nesse último curso, os fundamentos epistemológicos da sociologia e os toma como objeto de estudo, fazendo assim uma ciência da ciência. Evitando as pretensões totalizantes, propõe os conceitos de habitus e de campo, elaborando um sistema de conceitos fechado que lhe permite a autorreflexidade científica, em específico aplicado à sociologia. Assumindo a linha teórica epistemológica francesa de tradição bachelardiana, Bourdieu afirma que o conhecimento científico é trans-histórico, ou seja, um constructo social que conseguiu tornar sua verdade trans-histórica. A trans-historicidade implica questionar os modos como se faz ciência, e esse questionamento constitui o problema central que a reflexividade crítica de P. Bourdieu toma como ponto de partida para a sua investigação acerca da produção do conhecimento científico. A vigilância epistemológica é a garantia de cientificidade da sociologia, é certeza do método adequado às especificidades do objeto, no caso a produção do conhecimento sociológico. A tese que subjaz no problema investigado por Bourdieu em seu último curso – De que modo a ciência produz conhecimentos trans-históricos? – evidencia a presença de um pensador cujas análises alcançam um espectro amplo de temas; entretanto, é no jogo do campo científico, com o habitus científico que, se e somente se, torna-se possível falar de trans-historicidade do conhecimento científico. Esse esquema conceitual de análise demonstra a reflexividade sempre presente na prática científica

Cette thèse examine la pertinence d’une filiation beckettienne chez John Banville, et propose d’envisager les apparentes divergences d’écriture comme les manifestations d’une même affection mélancolique : en effet, l’économie beckettienne et la profusion banvillienne pourraient constituer deux produits d’une écriture placée sous le signe du double et du décalage. John Banville poursuit à sa manière le projet beckettien de l’esthétique de l’échec : il illustre, à l’instar de son devancier, l’impossibilité de concilier deux images contradictoires de la réalité, celle, idéale, d’une pensée conduite selon les règles de la science, et cette autre, proliférante, instable, de la matière même. Le principe selon lequel le double dégradé de l’idéal met en échec toute tentative d’ordonner les données du réel sous-tend et caractérise les œuvres de ces deux écrivains, que rassemble une même fascination pour la science et ses systèmes de pensée. Le fossé séparant idéal et contingence, ordonnancement de la pensée et chaos matériel, y abrite la source d’une écriture mélancolique. L’analyse du discours pseudo-scientifique, qui dans le même mouvement témoigne d’une volonté affichée d’apprivoiser le réel et révèle l’instabilité fondamentale de l’être et du langage, permet de mettre au jour une filiation mélancolique. C’est cette filiation que l’on peut suivre en observant les persistances visuelles et auditives, et plus largement la perpétuation du ressassement de la pensée spéculative : les images, voix et pensées de l’impuissance font perpétuellement retour au sein des œuvres, mais également d’une œuvre à l’autre, et de Beckett à Banville. / This thesis tries to uncover a literary filiation between Samuel Beckett and John Banville, with particular emphasis on Beckett’s Trilogy and John Banville’s scientific tetralogy. It proposes to consider their apparently diverging modes of writing as two manifestations of the same melancholy affection: the economy of means in Beckett and its profusion in Banville could be regarded as two modes of literary production characterized by discrepancy and error. John Banville follows the Beckettian project of an esthetics of failure – like his predecessor, he illustrates the impossibility of successfully combining two contradictory images of reality, one an ideal image driven by thought mechanisms modelled on scientific procedures, and the other, a buzzing, instable image of matter itself. The principle whereby the degraded double of the ideal necessarily defeats every attempt at ordering the data of reality underpins and defines the works of the two writers, displaying a fascination for science and systems of thought. In their fiction, the gap between ideal and contingency, between thought processes and material chaos, is the source of a melancholy inspiration. The analysis of pseudo-scientific discourse, which both testifies to a determination to gain control over chaotic reality and reveals the fundamental instability of being and language, allows us to uncover a link between the two writers, based on melancholy. This legacy can then be evidenced through the observation of the same visual and auditory perceptions, and more largely the perpetuation of boundless speculation: images, voices, and thoughts of impotence recur throughout the works, but also from one work to the next, and from Beckett to Banville.

'Do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your minds.' [Rom 12:2] Hans Urs von Balthasar and Eberhard Jungel are profound and imaginative thinkers who unreservedly ground their theologies in revelation as God�s self-disclosure. This thesis asks what resources such revelation-centred authors, from different traditions, may contribute to a theological understanding of the human imagination. Although theology has often been more interested in the constructive capacities of the imagination, it is the responsive quality of the imagination that is of particular interest to this thesis. Can the imagination contribute to a theological understanding which comprehends the action and speech of God as antecedent to human response? This thesis examines the epistemological issues that are related both to the imagination and to revelation as the self-communication and self-interpretation of God. The imagination is conceived of as essential to perception and understanding; it allows for both recognition and re-cognition. Through the imagination we can rethink the patterns or paradigms that shape our lives. The renewing of the mind can be said to involve the imagination. However, spiritual transformation requires more than a notion of the imagination as a spontaneous mental act which determines its own content. Balthasar and Jungel, while thinking in lively and narrative ways, are constrained by divine self-disclosure. God�s self-revelation provides the content of the paradigm or pattern by which the Christian believer is to live. The imagination can be said to act as the context or locus of revelation. This thesis demonstrates that the three days of Easter are central to Balthasar�s and Jungel�s respective understandings of God. For Balthasar and Jungel, the triduum mortis is where the self-revelation of God is most apparent; it is here that God is understood to be self-giving love as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. While quite distinct in their approaches, both authors work within trinitarian, and therefore relational, frameworks. This thesis traces the motifs that not only express their understandings of the paschal mystery in relational terms but also ground their respective understandings of renewed existence; for Balthasar, the motifs of mission and kenosis, and for Jungel, those of identification and justification. For both Balthasar and Jungel, the events of the triduum mortis can be said to provide the content of, and act as a boundary to, our conception of God. Nonetheless, it is proposed that, within their respective understandings of divine prevenience, Balthasar and Jungel leave room for the exercise of the imagination. God is mystery; God is not a fixed or completed concept.

Husserl&rsquo / s phenomenology can be analyzed simply by relying on the conception of intentionality. What I want to do is to put forward the logical grounds on which I can construct an acceptable account of Husserl&rsquo / s theory of intentionality. For this aim, firstly, I need to put some light on the nature of intentional acts or experiences.This suggests us that there is a close connection between the acts and what they are directed towards. Actually many have specified the relation between the act and the object, but what they have ignored was to give an exclusive explication of how such a relation can be connected with the content component. The penomenological content mediates between the intentional act and the intended object. There are some disagreements as regards whether the act is also directed towards the content or not. One of the significant aims of this research is to shed some light on the adequate arguments by which I will try to clarify that one can speak of such a directedness of intentional acts. In other words I believe that one can not only describe an intentional relation between the act and the intended object but also similar relations between the act and the content. There seem to be three parts to be examined interconnectedly: these, namely, are act, content and the object. For, the act is directed towards the object with the intermediation of the content. So his theory is not the same as the object theory of intentionality of which there are some defenders. Husserl&rsquo / s content theory is firstly examined in Logical investigations and Ideas respectively.

The primary concern of this piece of work is to reconsider scientific realism debate in the philosophy of science. Accordingly, the overall aim is to come up with the clues of a viable scientific realist attitude in the face of anti-realist interpretations of scientific theories. To accomplish this aim, I make use of two modified versions of scientific realism, that is, &lsquo / epistemic structural realism&rsquo / and &lsquo / entity realism&rsquo / . Epistemic structural realism is a realist position of which proponents claim that the only knowable part of the reality is the structure of it which is expressed by the mathematical equations of our best scientific theories. On the other hand, according to entity realism, the only assured knowledge obtained from scientific theories is the existence of theoretical entities posited by these theories. I argue that a combination of the properly construed versions of these two positions might fulfill the afore-mentioned aim of this thesis.

'Do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your minds.' [Rom 12:2] Hans Urs von Balthasar and Eberhard Jungel are profound and imaginative thinkers who unreservedly ground their theologies in revelation as God�s self-disclosure. This thesis asks what resources such revelation-centred authors, from different traditions, may contribute to a theological understanding of the human imagination. Although theology has often been more interested in the constructive capacities of the imagination, it is the responsive quality of the imagination that is of particular interest to this thesis. Can the imagination contribute to a theological understanding which comprehends the action and speech of God as antecedent to human response? This thesis examines the epistemological issues that are related both to the imagination and to revelation as the self-communication and self-interpretation of God. The imagination is conceived of as essential to perception and understanding; it allows for both recognition and re-cognition. Through the imagination we can rethink the patterns or paradigms that shape our lives. The renewing of the mind can be said to involve the imagination. However, spiritual transformation requires more than a notion of the imagination as a spontaneous mental act which determines its own content. Balthasar and Jungel, while thinking in lively and narrative ways, are constrained by divine self-disclosure. God�s self-revelation provides the content of the paradigm or pattern by which the Christian believer is to live. The imagination can be said to act as the context or locus of revelation. This thesis demonstrates that the three days of Easter are central to Balthasar�s and Jungel�s respective understandings of God. For Balthasar and Jungel, the triduum mortis is where the self-revelation of God is most apparent; it is here that God is understood to be self-giving love as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. While quite distinct in their approaches, both authors work within trinitarian, and therefore relational, frameworks. This thesis traces the motifs that not only express their understandings of the paschal mystery in relational terms but also ground their respective understandings of renewed existence; for Balthasar, the motifs of mission and kenosis, and for Jungel, those of identification and justification. For both Balthasar and Jungel, the events of the triduum mortis can be said to provide the content of, and act as a boundary to, our conception of God. Nonetheless, it is proposed that, within their respective understandings of divine prevenience, Balthasar and Jungel leave room for the exercise of the imagination. God is mystery; God is not a fixed or completed concept.

Mémoire (M.E.S.R.)--Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1999. / Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU

Thesis (Ph. D.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Thomas J. Watson School of Engineering and Applied Science, Department of Systems Science and Industrial Engineering, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (MPhil (Information Science))--Stellenbosch University, 2008. / In the fast-changing environment of today, organisations have a tendency to change their strategy to be able to adapt to changing circumstances. It has become increasingly important for organisations to remain competitive in the marketplace. The management of organisations is therefore showing more interest in concepts such as organisational learning and innovation. These concepts are seen as contributing factors to the success of the organisation. History has proven, however, that this is not always true. The infrequent success of applying these concepts has resulted in the approach towards organisational learning and innovation concepts being vague. This study aimed to examine the conceptual ambiguity in order to arrive at a better understanding. The problem statement is examined in some detail in Chapter One of this study. The second and third chapters aim to investigate the concepts of organisational learning and innovation separately. To understand the concept of organisational learning better, other related concepts such as organisation, individual learning, knowledge, knowledge management and change management were studied. The focus, however, remained on organisational learning. To elaborate on the concept of organisational learning, the organisational learning cycle was of specific importance together with the characteristics of organisational learning. Aspects that are seen as restrictions to organisational learning were studied and consequently strong theoretical arguments could be provided regarding organisational learning. Aspects that were prominent were the notion that the presence of certain attributes can influence organisational learning, of which organisational structure and organisational culture stand out. There were also certain stumbling blocks that might prevent organisational learning, and individual learning was identified as essential for organisational learning. In Chapter Three a similar approach was followed regarding the concept of innovation. The characteristics of the individual are as important for the sake of innovation as the individual’s tolerance of change. The concepts of change management and structure of the organisation are important to allow for innovation to take place. These concepts were studied separately and in Chapter Four the aim was to compare the two concepts to determine any possible similarities and differences. By doing this, points of correlation as well as possible relations in terms of a systems approach were identified. In this chapter the attributes that support the concepts were listed along with aspects that are seen as stumbling blocks. In Chapter Five the most important aspects relating to organisational learning and innovation are summarised. The one prominent aspect is the impact that the structure of an organisation has on the success of both organisational learning and innovation. The structure of an organisation, however, is based on the strategy of the organisation. The last contributing aspect that needs to be mentioned is the culture of the organisation. The study has indicated clear similarities as well as relations between the concepts, but as with any learning process there are always questions and therefore the study points towards further research. The research can be extended to determine the impact of the shortage of time on organisational learning and/or innovation processes in terms of knowledge management.