As urbanization and industrialization progressed during the last decades, Urban Heat Island (UHI) has become a major environmental issue to many cities around the world. The effect of UHI differs from area to area due to varying urban scale, population density, construction of urban surface layer, the level of industrialization and type of climate. Researchers have made great efforts in investigating various approaches to Urban Heat Island studies. Monitoring technologies have been widely used in this field, especially Geographic Information System (GIS) and remote sensing technology. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations are also actively applied in wind engineering, which can provide details of air flow over urban areas. The combined application of these technologies can provide the monitoring and simulation of urban wind corridor and thermal environment that can produce relevant information at a lesser time.A research using GIS, remote sensing technology and CFD simulation was done in this project to obtain a holistic view of the urban thermal environment and wind flow for Gävle City. With GIS and remote sensing the thermal image of the city was presented. The temperature data, which were collected from MODIS satellite were transferred and processed by ArcGIS and Global Mapper. The wind flow above the city was simulated through constructing geometric and mathematical model with OpenFOAM. The outcomes of the modeling and simulation identified that the temperature in the city center could possibly reach 35℃ during summers, which can cause the Urban Heat Island to form. Ventilation was also poorer in the city centre, and neither the river nor the green area in the southwest could help ventilate the city. The study result also suggested that certain sites in the city had relatively high wind flow for urban wind turbines to work.This study had used method of Urban Heat Island study with remote sensing and CFD technologies. The model produced from simulation could also be used to further study Gävle city's thermal and wind environment to produce more accurate results.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T17:37:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mary Mieko Tateiwa Suguiy.pdf: 368331 bytes, checksum: e91d3b25bb1a8eeb79841ddb169ab423 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-12-09 / The soybean culture [Glycine max (L.) Merril] has great economical importance in the Brazilian agricultural scenery, in which the seed the production contributed significantly to this process. The environmental conditions of the storerooms such as, relative humidity and temperature affect the speeds longevity and vigor. The physiology quality of seeds needs to be determined not only at the harvesting or processing but also during the storage period. Handing practices may contribute to accelerate the seeds deterioration, during the crop and processing, leading to the decrease of the storage period. The present work aimed to evaluate the quality of 12 month storage of soybean seeds in three treatment storerooms as follows: T1 no foil (conventional), T2 one lining of foil and T3 no foil with cooling system. The temperature of black globe (TG) and the Black Globe Humidity Index (BGHI) were used as parameters for evaluation of the thermal atmosphere of the stored seeds. It was evaluated the vigor, by accelerated aging and tetrazolium test, and germination at 0, 60, 120, 180, 240 and 360 days after the storage process. It was observed that there were significant differences in the germination values and vigor of the soybean seeds stored in the systems T3 in relation to T1 and T2. The climatic indexes (TG and BGHI) of all systems did not differ statistically / A cultura da soja [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] tem grande importância econômica no cenário agrícola brasileiro, sendo que a produção de sementes contribui significativamente com o processo. As condições ambientais do armazém, umidade relativa do ar e a temperatura afetam a velocidade dos processos bioquímicos nas sementes armazenadas e conseqüentemente, a longevidade das mesmas. Assim sendo, apenas a determinação da qualidade fisiológica das sementes na colheita e no beneficiamento são informações limitadas para estimar a mudança da qualidade durante o armazenamento. A soja, devido às suas características morfológicas e fisiológicas, é muito propensa à deterioração e sensível a práticas de manejo durante a colheita e processamento, denotando um baixo poder de armazenamento. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a qualidade de sementes de soja armazenadas por 12 meses em três armazéns que constituíram os tratamentos: T1 - sem forro de alumínio (convencional), T2-com forro de alumínio e T3 - armazém com sistema de refrigeração. Utilizou-se a temperatura de globo negro (TG) e o Índice de Temperatura de Globo e Umidade (ITGU) como parâmetros para avaliação do ambiente térmico das sementes armazenadas. Foram avaliados a germinação e o vigor pelos testes de tetrazólio e envelhecimento acelerado ao 0, 60, 120, 180, 240 e 360 dias após a chegada das sementes nos armazéns. Observou-se que houve diferenças significativas nos valores de germinação e vigor das sementes de soja armazenadas nos sistemas T3 em relação ao armazém T1 e T2, apesar dos índices climáticos (TG e ITGU) de todos os sistemas não diferirem entre si estatisticamente

Shadow shielding is a novel and practical concept for waste heat rejection from lunar surface spacecraft systems. A shadow shield is a light shield that shades the radiator from parasitic thermal radiation emanating from the sun or lunar surface. Radiator size and mass can reduce if the radiator is not required to account for parasitic heat loads in addition to system energy rejection requirements. The lunar thermal environment can be very harsh towards radiative heat rejection. Parasitic heat loads force the radiator to expand in size and mass to compensate. On the Moon, there are three types: surface infrared, solar insulation, and albedo. This thesis tests shadow shielding geometry and its effect on the radiator and nuclear reactor in a reactor-powered Carnot heat engine. Due to the nature of cooling by radiative heat transfer, the maximum shaft work a Carnot system can produce and the minimal required radiator area occurs when the Carnot efficiency is 25%. First, a case for shadow shielding is made using an isothermal, control radiator model in Thermal Desktop. Six radiator temperatures and three latitudes are considered in the tests. Test variables in this section include radiator shapes and shade geometry. The simulations found that shadow shielding is best suited for a low-temperature radiator at the lunar equator. Optimized parabolic shade geometry includes a focus right above or at the top of the radiator and full to three-quarters shade height. The most useful rectangular radiator shape for shadow shielding is that which has a low height and long width. All simulations were conducted using a shade with a 10 kg/m2 area mass. A sensitivity study was conducted for different shade area masses using high and low values found in the literature. The shade is the most useful when the shade's area mass is less than or equal to that of the radiator. If the shade mass is below this threshold, the shade would be applicable to all radiator temperatures tested. Optimized shade and radiator geometry results were then factored into a second model where the radiator is comprised of heat pipes which is similar to radiators from actual system designs. Further simulations were conducted implementing the SAFE-4001 fast fission nuclear reactor design. The study found that shadow shielding allowed the system to use a low-temperature radiator where other configurations were not viable because shadow shielding drastically improves radiative heat transfer from the radiator, but at the consequence of raising radiator mass.

Tirta metalo gaminių įmonės moterų – pakuotojų krovos rankomis darbai atsižvelgiant į darbo aplinkos sąlygas: darbo sunkumą, mikroklimatą bei triukšmą. Įvairių darbų (vinių pakavimo, supakuotų dėžučių nešimo ir krovimo) sunkumas buvo tiriamas teoriniais skaičiavimais ir eksperimentiniais tyrimais, naudojant žmogaus organizmo fiziologinių pokyčių tyrimo metodą – širdies pulso matavimą. Šiluminė aplinka vertinta rudens ir žiemos periodais. Atlikus matavimus pakuotojų darbo vietoje buvo nustatyta, kad sunkiausias darbas yra dėžučių krovimas – širdies ritmas pakilo iki 135 dūžių per minutę, kuriuos pagal Tarptautinės darbo organizacijos klasifikaciją galima priskirti sunkiems (pulsas 125–150 min-1) darbams. Šiluminė aplinka darbo vietoje labai nepalanki žmogaus organizmui, nes rudens periodu temperatūra yra 9 – 12 °C, o žiemos periodu temperatūra dar žemesnė – nuo 6 iki 9 °C. Santykinis drėgnis daugiau kaip 75 %, Ištyrus triukšmą nustatyta, kad darbuotoją veikiantis triukšmas neviršija žemutinės 80 dBA ribinės vertės veiksmams pradėti. / In this work was studied of metal products company of women - works hand-loading packer according to working environment conditions: work heaviness, microclimate and noise. A strain of various works (pegs packing, packaged in boxes carrying solutions, and loading) was studied with theoretical calculations and with experiments. For this experiment was used a research method of human’s organism physiological changes – a measurement of heart beats. A thermal environment was evaluated in autumn and winter periods. When the measurement in a packaging in the workplace was finished, was established the fact, that the most hard work on boxes loading, according to International Labor organization (ILO), this work can be ascribed to hard works group (pulse 125-150 min-1). Thermal environment in the workplace is very unfavourable to human’s organism, because in autumn period temperature is 9-12°C, in winter period from 6 to 9 °C. Relative moisture top 75 %. When a noise in the workplace was studied, was established the fact, that a noise, which have an effect on worker, do not overdraw ground 80 dBA limit.

La prédiction des conditions thermiques confortables à l'intérieur d'une cabine de véhicule reste un défi en raison du comportement transitoire de cet environnement. Le développement des modèles d'écoulement reste toujours une préoccupation pour les chercheurs en raison de la géométrie complexe de la cabine et de la complexité du système de ventilation (débit, emplacement et géométrie des diffuseurs d'air). Le confort thermique a été largement étudié dans le bâtiment, alors que le confort thermique dans les véhicules est un sujet relativement nouveau, avec peu d'études qui y sont dédiées. La norme actuellement disponible destinée à l'évaluation de l'environnement thermique du véhicule, EN ISO 14505, propose des modèles d'évaluation des bâtiments, qui ne répondent pas aux exigences de l'évaluation de l'environnement cabine. Contrairement à l'environnement intérieur des bâtiments, le climat de la cabine de véhicule est dominé par des conditions transitoires thermiques: environnement thermique fortement non uniforme associé aux vitesses élevées de l'air localisé, des niveaux plus élevés d'humidité relative, le flux de chaleur solaire et le flux de chaleur radiatif des surfaces intérieures, l'intensité solaire et sa diffusion sur les différents types de matériaux et niches de surface de la cabine, les angles d'incidence du rayonnement solaire, etc. En l'absence de modèles d'évaluation adaptés à cet environnement, la littérature disponible est dispersée autour des articles traitant des conditions environnementales dans le véhicule susceptible d'affecter le confort thermique de l'homme ainsi que de celles concernant la réaction de l'homme et la perception de son interaction avec l'environnement. Dans ce contexte, nous avons décidé d'orienter le sujet de la thèse autour de la problématique complexe de l'environnement thermique de la cabine et de ses effets sur l'état thermique du conducteur et du passager. Le manuscrit présente des études numériques et expérimentales des effets de différentes grilles passives sur le confort thermique des passagers. Ainsi, les objectifs généraux du projet de recherche doctorale pourraient être résumés comme suit: approfondir les connaissances et comprendre les phénomènes thermiques qui se produisent dans l'environnement thermique de la cabine; développer un mannequin thermique avancé capable d'évaluer le confort thermique de la cabine; développer et valider un modèle numérique complexe afin de mieux comprendre les phénomènes complexes précédemment évoqués. Ces trois objectifs généraux visaient à soutenir l'objectif principal de la recherche doctorale, à savoir: l'amélioration de la sensation thermique des occupants du véhicule, par la mise en œuvre de diffuseurs d'air innovants. À cette fin, nous avons orienté nos recherches vers des diffuseurs à géométrie spéciale permettant des mécanismes de contrôle du débit et permettant d'améliorer le mélange entre l'alimentation en air par le système de ventilation et l'air ambiant dans la cabine. Au cours de la quête complexe, nous pourrions avoir l'opportunité de nous familiariser avec les phénomènes thermiques, afin d'analyser le rôle réel joué par les paramètres d'environnement transitoires, dans la perception du confort thermique et dans son estimation. Pendant toute cette quête, nous avons essayé de rester sur une ligne qui permettrait finalement de répondre à un ensemble de questions fondamentales, à savoir: dans quelle mesure ce type de paramètres peut affecter la perception du confort, ainsi que les conséquences d'une évaluation "incomplète" proposée par les modèles existants ? Dans ce contexte, comment la conception de la ventilation et de la climatisation est-elle affectée par l'utilisation des modèles actuels pour pré-évaluer le bon fonctionnement des systèmes CVC - en particulier pour les véhicules – et un environnement acceptable pour ses utilisateurs ? / Prediction of comfortable thermal conditions inside a vehicle cabin is still a challenge due to the transient behavior of this environment. Understanding flow patterns is still difficult nowadays for researchers due to the complexity of the interior cabin geometry and of the ventilation system (flow rate, location and geometry of the air diffusers). Thermal comfort has been widely studied in build environments, while thermal comfort in vehicles is a relatively new subject, with fairly few extensive studies that are exploring all possibilities of investigation in this direction. The currently available standard intended for the evaluation of vehicle thermal environment, EN ISO 14505, propose models extensively used for buildings, which do not seem to be entirely adapted for the vehicular space. Unlike the indoor environment from buildings, the vehicular cabin climate is dominated by thermal transient conditions: the strongly non-uniform temperature distributions, both in air and on the surfaces, associated with the high localized air speeds, the relatively higher levels of relative humidity compared to the buildings, the solar radiation intensity, and the radiative heat exchange from the interior surfaces, the angles of incidence of the solar radiation etc. In the absence of the evaluation models adapted to this environment, the available literature is dispersed around those papers dealing with environmental conditions inside the vehicle that might affect the human thermal comfort and those concerning the human’s response and perception of its interaction with the environment. In this context, we decided to orient the research work in this thesis around the complex problematic of cabin thermal environment and its effect on driver’s and passenger’s thermal state. The thesis presents numerical and experimental studies of the effects of an improved set of dashboard air diffusers over passengers’ thermal comfort. The general objectives of the doctoral research project could be summarized as following: to deepen the knowledge and to understand thermal phenomena that occur in cabin thermal environment; to develop and validate a complex numerical model in order to get insight into the complex phenomena previously evoked. These three general objectives were intended to sustain the main goal of the doctoral research that is: improvement of thermal sensation of vehicle occupants, by implementation of innovative air diffusers. To this end we oriented our research towards diffusers with a special geometry that allows flow control mechanisms resulting in the improvement of mixing between air supply by the ventilation system and the ambient air in the cabin. During the complex quest, we could have the opportunity to become familiar to the intricate thermal phenomena, to analyze the real role played by transient environment parameters perceiving thermal comfort and in its estimation. During all this quest we tried to stay on a line that would ultimately allow to respond to a set of fundamental questions, namely: To what extent this kind of parameters can affect the perceiving of comfort, and also the consequences of an "incomplete" assessment proposed by the existing evaluation models ? How is, in this context, affected the ventilation and air conditioning design due to the use of current models for pre-evaluating a good functioning of the HVAC systems – in particular for vehicles - and an acceptable environment for their users ?

abstract: Trees serve as a natural umbrella to mitigate insolation absorbed by features of the urban environment, especially building structures and pavements. For a desert community, trees are a particularly valuable asset because they contribute to energy conservation efforts, improve home values, allow for cost savings, and promote enhanced health and well-being. The main obstacle in creating a sustainable urban community in a desert city with trees is the scarceness and cost of irrigation water. Thus, strategically located and arranged desert trees with the fewest tree numbers possible potentially translate into significant energy, water and long-term cost savings as well as conservation, economic, and health benefits. The objective of this dissertation is to achieve this research goal with integrated methods from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. This dissertation includes three main parts. The first part proposes a spatial optimization method to optimize the tree locations with the objective to maximize shade coverage on building facades and open structures and minimize shade coverage on building rooftops in a 3-dimensional environment. Second, an outdoor urban physical scale model with field measurement is presented to understand the cooling and locational benefits of tree shade. The third part implements a microclimate numerical simulation model to analyze how the specific tree locations and arrangements influence outdoor microclimates and improve human thermal comfort. These three parts of the dissertation attempt to fill the research gap of how to strategically locate trees at the building to neighborhood scale, and quantifying the impact of such arrangements. Results highlight the significance of arranging residential shade trees across different geographical scales. In both the building and neighborhood scales, research results recommend that trees should be arranged in the central part of the building south front yard. More cooling benefits are provided to the building structures and outdoor microclimates with a cluster tree arrangement without canopy overlap; however, if residents are interested in creating a better outdoor thermal environment, open space between trees is needed to enhance the wind environment for better human thermal comfort. Considering the rapid urbanization process, limited water resources supply, and the severe heat stress in the urban areas, judicious design and planning of trees is of increasing importance for improving the life quality and sustaining the urban environment. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Geography 2017

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:55:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 371833 bytes, checksum: 12f05336370b9e269f35dc031b8f34f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-05 / Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais / Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of available phosphorus (aP) levels in diets suplemented with or whithout phytase on perfermance, carcass charactheristics and bone parameters in broilers from 22 to 42 days, maintained in high temperature, using two methodologies. In each experiment, 336 male chicks were distributed in a completely randomized desing with six treatments, being a positive control (0,354 e 0,309% of aP without phytase from 22 to 33 and 34 to 42 days, respectively), and more five rations with phytase comercial Quantum Blue® (500 FTU) and aP reduction (0,354; 0,294; 0,233; 0,173; 0,112% e 0,309; 0,258; 0,207; 0,156; 0,106 from 22 to 33 and 34 to 42 days, respectively. The diets were isonutritives, except for aP (Ca:aP ranging) in the experiment 1 and aP and Ca (Ca:aP fixed in 2.1:1). In both experiments were evaluated the performance, carcass charactheristics and boné parameters. The birds received the experimental diets and water ad libitum throuhout the experiment. At the end of the experimental period, two birds per replicate, with closest average weight were slaughtered, eviscerated and weighed to determine the absolute and relative weight of carcass and prime cuts. Other two birds per replicate were slaughtered to tibiae removed and the determination of the deposition of ash, calcium and phosphorus in the bone. In experiment 1, there was no effect of diets on feed intake (FI), weight gain (WG) and feed conversion (FC) and carcass characteristics. An increase in the deposition of calcium and Ca:P ratio deposited in bone of animals in groups 0,233; 0,173; 0,112% and 0,207; 0,156; 0,106%, from 22 to 33 and 34 to 42, respectively, compared to group control by Dunnet test. In experiment 2, there was no effect of diets on FI, WG, FC, absolute and relative weight of the carcass and prime cuts. For bone characteristics when compared to the control treatment, corresponding to the animal group fed the lowest level of aP showed lower ash and calcium deposition in bone, and the animals of groups that were fed with 0,173; 0,112% and 0,156; 0,106%, from 22 to 33 and 34 to 42 days had lower Ca:P ratio in bone. In experiment 1, we conclude that diets supplemented with phytase and low levels of aP does not affects with the performance and carcass characteristics of broilers from 22 to 42 days old in high temperature environment, however increases the deposition of Ca and the relationship Ca:P in bone. In experiment 2, diets supplemented with phytase and low levels of Pd and Ca does not interferes with the performance and carcass characteristics, however, decreases bone mineralization, calcium deposition and Ca:P ratio of bones in broilers from 22 to 42 days at room created high temperature. / Foram conduzidos dois experimentos para avaliar o efeito da redução de fósforo disponível (Pd) em rações suplementadas com fitase exógena sobre o desempenho, características de carcaça e parâmetros ósseos de frangos de corte de 22 a 42 dias de idade mantidos em ambiente de alta temperatura. Em cada experimento foram utilizados 336 frangos de corte machos da linhagem Cobb, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com seis tratamentos, sendo um controle positivo (0,354 e 0,309% de fósforo disponível sem adição de fitase exógena para as fases de 22 a 33 e 34 a 42 dias respectivamente), e mais cinco rações com inclusão de fitase exógena Quantun Blue® (500 FTU/kg) e redução do nível de fósforo disponível (0,354; 0,294; 0,233; 0,173; 0,112% e 0,309; 0,258; 0,207; 0,156; 0,106% para as fases de 22 a 33 e 34 a 42 dias respectivamente. As dietas foram isonutritivas, exceto para Pd (relação Ca:Pd variando) no experimento 1 e Pd e Ca (relação Ca:Pd fixa em 2.1:1) no experimento 2. Em ambos os experimentos foram avaliados o desempenho, características de carcaça e parâmetros ósseos dos frangos de corte. Durante todo o experimento as aves receberam ração e água à vontade. Ao final do período experimental duas aves por repetição, com peso mais próximo da média foram abatidas, evisceradas e pesadas para determinação do peso absoluto e relativo da carcaça e cortes nobres. Outras duas aves de cada repetição foram abatidas para retirada das tíbias e determinação da deposição de cinzas, cálcio e fósforo no osso. No experimento 1, não observou-se efeito das rações sobre o consumo de ração, ganho de peso e na conversão alimentar e nas características de carcaça dos frangos. Houve aumento na deposição de cálcio e na relação Ca:P depositada no osso dos animais dos tratamentos de níveis 0,233; 0,173; 0,112% e 0,207; 0,156; 0,106%, dos 22 aos 33 e 34 aos 42, respectivamente, quando comparados ao controle positivo pelo teste Dunnet. No experimento 2, não observou-se efeito dos tratamentos no consumo de ração, na ganho de peso, na conversão alimentar, no peso relativo e absoluto da carcaça e dos cortes nobres dos frangos. Para as características ósseas, quando comparado ao tratamento controle, os animais do tratamento com menor nível de Pd (0,112 e 0,106%, dos 22 a 33 e dos 34 a 42 dias, respectivamente) apresentaram menor deposição de cinzas e cálcio na tíbia, e menor relação Ca:P no osso. No experimento 1, conclui-se assim que rações suplementadas com fitase e níveis reduzidos de Pd não interferem no desempenho e características de carcaça de frangos de corte dos 22 aos 42 dias, criados em ambiente de alta temperatura, entretanto aumenta a deposição de Ca e a relação Ca:P no osso. No experimento 2, conclui-se que as rações suplementadas com fitase e níveis reduzidos de Pd e Ca não interferem no desempenho e características de carcaça, contudo, diminui a mineralização óssea, deposição de cálcio e relação Ca:P dos ossos, em de frangos de corte dos 22 aos 42 dias criados em ambiente de alta temperatura.

都市更新是為改善都市環境之重要方法之一，因此，本研究係透過都市更新住宅案例在更新前後與相關環境因子進行分析，藉由CFD(Computational fluid dynamics)模擬方式來釐清都市更新完成後周邊風環境與熱環境之影響狀況。研究結果顯示，住宅都市更新案對於周邊風環境與熱環境之影響，就風環境係屬顯著，而熱環境得視個案而定，同時主要影響區域約略在100~150公尺之範圍內。而模擬結果亦顯示，建築物低樓層的退縮、棟距調整、鋪面材質更改將會影響更新後之風環境與熱環境。 建議未來可將模擬範圍、建築物退縮及棟距距離及地面材質納入都市更新風環境與熱環境之評估準則，以規範明確之環境審議機制，並使規劃評估者有可遵循之依據，亦可確保模擬的可靠度。 / Urban renewal is one of the most important ways to improve the urban environment. Therefore,this study conducted an analysis of environmental factors in residential cases before and after urban renewal and clarified the impact of urban renewal on the wind environment and the thermal environment of the ambient areas using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. The results of the study showed that the residential cases had a consistently significant impact on the wind environment, while the impact on the thermal environment varied from case to case. The main impacted area fell within a radius of 100~150 m. According to the results of the simulation, the shrink of buildings’ low floors, adjustments to building distance, and changes in paving will impacted the wind environment and the thermal environment following urban renewal. In the future, we recommend that researchers include evaluations of the wind environment and thermal environment of urban renewal in the scope of simulation, shrink of buildings, building distance, and paving in order to clearly determine the mechanisms for environmental review for evaluators’ reference and ensure the reliability of the simulation.

The aim of this project was to develop a holistic approach to building-performance assessment without limiting it to energy use (usually expressed in kWh/m2/year), but rather include more parameters that represent the following aspects: Economic, environmental, and quality of service provided to the occupant/client. If it can be shown that buildings can be operated not only in an energy-efficient way, but also in a way that takes into consideration the needs of the occupants, a case could be built that a higher quality of indoor environment does not necessarily mean a higher economic impact. It is also important to show that having access to high-quality building-performance data leads to high-quality analysis and visualisation, and consequently to a chance to detect faults and improve building operation. To answer these questions, a large office building in Stockholm, Sweden was used as a case study. The building was equipped with energy meters and 1,700 sensor points, uniformly distributed over the occupied areas, that measured room temperature, duct temperature, occupancy presence/absence and supply airflow, in addition to other states. The data was processed using RStudio, and various types of visualisation plots were used, including carpet plots, masked scatter plots, bar plots, line graphs, and boxplots. The data pointed to some interesting results. First, just knowing the energy use is not sufficient for understanding the quality of the service provided to the occupants. Second, performing a thorough analysis of room unit data can detect faults. Third, using carpet plots for energy-data visualisation is effective for energy-use pattern recognition. Finally, visualising the building performance parameters in a parallel coordinate plot is a more informative representation of integrated building performance compared to the energy performance certificates typically used today. / <p>QC 20160916</p>

This master’s thesis deals with the diagnosis of thermal environment using synthetic skin type sensors. The synthetic skin type sensor is a compact sensor ideal for simulating human skin. The aim is to design and implement such a sensor and test its properties. On the market there are no compact sensors with that kind of abilities and our goal is to design the cheapest, but still viable sensor. Measurement and data processing is implemented using measurement cards and LabVIEW software. The work also contains a design of signal conditioning without the use of measurement cards.